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Securing Malaysia’s Borders from Covid-19: Legal Considerations to the Influx of Rohingya Migrants
Rusli Hazmi,Dremliuga Roman,Suhaili Wan,Farisha Nur Alia 이준국제법연구원 2021 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.14 No.1
On March 18, 2020, Malaysian Prime Minister Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin declared the nationwide enforcement of the Movement Control Order to curb the spread of COVID-19. In September 2020, Malaysia entered the third wave of the outbreak. Active cases rose from 60 to more than 13,000. The government’s Ops Benteng stops illegal migrants, who are at high risk of bringing COVID-19 into Malaysia. This includes illegal Rohingya migrants, who enter Malaysia to flee persecution in their home country, Myanmar. There are approximately 150,000 Rohingya migrants in Malaysia and more are expected. This article examines the main reason behind the influx of Rohingya illegal migrants and discusses whether the Malaysian government should tighten its borders to safeguard against COVID-19. The government must prioritise its own citizens over the Rohingyas; the responsibility of managing this humanitarian disaster should be shared with other nations, particularly those party to the United Nations Convention relating to the Status of Refugees 1951.
Hazmi Rusli,Lowell B. Bautista 이준국제법연구원 2023 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.16 No.1
Southeast Asia is home to the Straits of Malacca and Singapore, one of the world’s most important sea lines of communication. The closure of the straits to international navigation may adversely affect the well-being of the global economy. On February 11, 2022, the Biden administration announced the new Indo-Pacific strategy, which will continue to deliver on AUKUS. For centuries, the proposed Thai Canal Project has been planned to revolutionize the shipping industry by bypassing the busy waters of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. If the canal is built under the US Indo-Pacific Strategy, the pre-eminence of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore will not last long. This article analyzes the potential increase of navigation of nuclear-powered submarines through the Straits of Malacca and Singapore and its ensuing environmental implications from a viewpoint of international law. It discusses effects of the proposed canal plan in influencing the shipping industry should this “dream waterway” be constructed.
Hazmi Rusli,R. Dremliuga,Wan I. Talaat (사) 이준국제법연구원 2016 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.9 No.1
There are approximately 116 straits used for international navigation around the world. Some of them are important international maritime chokepoints, namely the Dover Strait, Hormuz Strait, Straits of Malacca and Singapore and the Russian straits across the Northeast Arctic Passage. Due to the high number of navigational traffic going through these straits, vessel-source pollution is endemic in these waters. This article examines the applicable international legal framework on protection of the marine environment of straits used for international navigation such as Part XII of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and other related legal measures like International Maritime Organization conventions on protection of the marine environment. This article concludes by stating that the present framework is not sufficient in properly balancing two vital interests in the maritime world – protection of the marine environment vis-à-vis shipping.
( Musofa Rusli ),( M Vitanata Arfijanto ),( Nasronudin Nasronudin ),( Maria I Lusida ),( Muhammad A Isfandiari ),( Evhy Apryani ),( Siswanto Siswanto ),( Mj Reynolds ),( Umar F Achmadi ) 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Dengue infection is an endemic arboviral disease in Indonesia. Dengue infection can lead to fatal disease, including Dengue Shock Syndrome. Clinical recognition of Dengue infection cases in daily practice is important, as well as case recognition by using routine complete blood count and clinical chemistry. There were no such data in Surabaya for dengue infection cases. The aim of the study was to describe clinical profi le patients with dengue infection. Methods: The study design was cross-sectional study and conducted from January 2012 to November 2013. This study has been approved by Ethical Committee. We recruited subjects with 10 years-old of age or above, with fever on day-1 or day-2, suspected dengue infection according to WHO criteria, showed positive result either by NS-1, and or IgM - IgG. Complete blood count, clinical chemistry, liver function, kidney function, and viral load were performed on the fi rst day of admission. Results: The subjects` age were 19 (min-max 10-59) year-old. Of the 100 subjects with positive result either by NS-1, and or IgM - IgG, and positive viral load showed: Fever 38±1.03℃, hemoglobin 13.57±1.45 g/dL, hematocrite 39.44+4.16 %, leucocyte 3.82x10³ cells/mm3, thrombocyte 98 (min-max 19-312)x10³ cells/mm3, lymphocyte 28.58±12.69%, SGPT 48.31 (min-max 6.8-307.9) IU, SGOT 89.77 (min-max 16.5-716) IU, BUN 10.25±4.71 g/dL, serum creatinine 0.75±0.2 g/dL, serum albumin 3.79±0.54 g/ dL. Hematocrite level were slightly lower than reference. The clinical diagnosis were dengue fever, DHF grade I, and DHF grade grade II; with proportions: 52.5%, 42.6% and 4%, respectively. There were no subject progressing to severe dengue. Conclusions: We reported clinical profile of subjects with mild dengue infection. Leucopenia, thrombocytopenia and mild to moderate increase of transaminase were present in the subjects.
The Anglo-Dutch Treaty 1824: Was the Partitioning of the Malay Archipelago Valid?
Hazmi Rusli,Roman Dremliuga,Wan Talaat 이준국제법연구원 2020 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.13 No.1
The Anglo-Dutch Treaty 1824 was concluded between the British and the Dutch colonial powers without consideration of its effect on the sociopolitical situation of the Malay World (Nusantara). The Anglo-Dutch Treaty 1824 alienated Malay territories according to the desires of the colonial powers. This article discusses whether the British and the Dutch were in the position to divide the Malay World without the consent of the local sovereign rulers. The Anglo-Dutch Treaty 1824 merely defined the sphere of influence, not sovereignty/ownership of the Dutch and the British in the region. This article concludes by emphasising the enormous sociopolitical effects of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty 1824 to Nusantara in relation to the maritime boundary delimitations between Malaysia, Indonesia and the Straits of Malacca and Singapore.
Enzyme Replacement Therapy for Lysosomal Storage Disease in Indonesia
Sjarif, Damayanti Rusli,Hafifah, Cut Nurul Association for Research of MPS and Rare Diseases 2018 Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare disease Vol.4 No.1
Rare diseases are life threatening or chronically debilitating diseases with a low prevalence (less than 2,000 people in a population), which includes lysosomal storage diseases. These diseases are often seen as unimportant especially in developing countries, such as Indonesia, due to small number of patients. National Rare Disease Center in Indonesia was pioneered almost 20 years ago and officially established in 2017 by the Indonesian Minister of Health. Lysosomal storage disease become the most commonly found inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) in Indonesia due to easily accessible diagnostic facilities. Currently there are 7 patients receiving ERT in this mixed-donation scheme, one patient with Gaucher disease and 6 patients with MPS type II. Few challenges for ERT in Indonesia include importation through special access scheme, preparation of ERT infusion in intensive care settting, and cost of treatment. Even with limited resources, healthcare professionals in Indonesia have been giving the best care possible for rare disease patients, especially to provide diagnostic facilities through collaboration and treatment options for treatable rare diseases. Improvements in care for rare disease patients are still needed.