Blood biochemical profile of four fast-growing broiler strains under high ambient temperature

Chand, Naila,Naz, Shabana,Rehman, Ziaur,Khan, Rifat Ullah The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.3

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of optimum and high ambient temperatures on biochemical parameter of four broiler strains. Broiler chicks (n = 242) of four different commercial strains (Ross, Hubbard, Cobb and Arber Acer) on day 15 were divided into two groups: thermo-neutral zone (TN) group and high ambient temperature zone (HAT) group. Chicks in TN group were housed at constant room temperature ($25^{\circ}C{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ and RH $65{\pm}5%$) while chicks in HAT group were kept under HAT of summer. Chicks in each group were further divided into four subgroups, i.e., TN-Ross, TN-Hubbard, TN-Cobb, TN-Arber Acer and HAT-Ross, HAT-Hubbard, HAT-Cobb, HAT-Arber Acer. Each subgroup was further subdivided into four replicates having ten chicks per replicate. Blood was collected on day 21 and 42. Mean serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amino transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphates (ALP), glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly higher (P<0.05) in HAT group, while total serum protein and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were significantly higher (P<0.05) in TN group. In TN zone group, significantly (P<0.05) lower AST, ALT, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL and significantly (P<0.05) higher HDL and total protein were recorded for Cobb and Hubbard strains. In HAT zone group, significantly (P<0.05) lower AST, ALT, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL and significantly (P<0.05) higher HDL and total protein were recorded for Ross and Arber Acer strains. The findings of the present study suggested that Ross and Arber Acer strains were more tolerant to summer HAT of tropical areas than Cobb and Hubbard, while Cobb and Hubbard strains were more effective in TN environment.

Blood biochemical profile of four fast-growing broiler strains under high ambient temperature

Naila Chand,Shabana Naz,Zia ur Rehman,Rifat Ullah Khan 한국응용생명화학회 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.3

The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of optimum and high ambient temperatures on biochemical parameter of four broiler strains. Broiler chicks (n = 242) of four different commercial strains (Ross, Hubbard, Cobb and Arber Acer) on day 15 were divided into two groups: thermo-neutral zone (TN) group and high ambient temperature zone (HAT) group. Chicks in TN group were housed at constant room temperature (25 C ± 2 C and RH 65 ± 5%) while chicks in HAT group were kept under HAT of summer. Chicks in each group were further divided into four subgroups, i.e., TNRoss, TN-Hubbard, TN-Cobb, TN-Arber Acer and HATRoss, HAT-Hubbard, HAT-Cobb, HAT-Arber Acer. Each subgroup was further subdivided into four replicates having ten chicks per replicate. Blood was collected on day 21 and 42. Mean serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amino transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphates (ALP), glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) were significantly higher (P\0.05) in HAT group, while total serum protein and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were significantly higher (P\0.05) in TN group. In TN zone group, significantly (P\0.05) lower AST, ALT, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL and significantly (P\0.05) higher HDL and total protein were recorded for Cobb and Hubbard strains. In HAT zone group, significantly (P\0.05) lower AST, ALT, glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL and significantly (P\0.05) higher HDL and total protein were recorded for Ross and Arber Acer strains. The findings of the present study suggested that Ross and Arber Acer strains were more tolerant to summer HAT of tropical areas than Cobb and Hubbard, while Cobb and Hubbard strains were more effective in TN environment.

Effect of Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) Seed Supplementation on Egg Quality and Cholesterol of Rhode Island Red×Fayoumi Laying Hens

Naila Chand,Shabana Naz,Muhammad Irfan,Rifat Ullah Khan,Zia ur Rehman 한국축산식품학회 2018 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.38 No.3

The present trial was carried out to study the effect of sea buckthorn seed supplementation on egg quality of laying birds. A total of 160 Rhode Island Red×Fayoumi layers was divided into four groups of 40 birds each, which was further replicated four times with 10 hens per replicate. Group one was kept as a control, while other three groups were supplemented with sea buckthorn seed powder at a dose rate of 1 (T1), 2 (T2) and 3 (T3) g/kg of feed. The results showed that egg production was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T3 at the end of the study. Egg weight was significantly (p<0.05) high in T2 and T3 during week 39 and 40. Egg yolk weight was significantly (p<0.05) in T3 compared to the control. Significantly (p<0.01) lower egg cholesterol was recorded in T2 and T3. From the results of the present study, we concluded that laying hens supplemented with sea buckthorn at the rate of 2 and 3 g/kg improved the egg quality parameters and egg cholesterol.

Changes in postpartum metabolites and resumption of ovarian cyclicity in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows

Muhammad Najmus Saqib,Muhammad Subhan Qureshi,Rifat Ullah Khan 한국응용생명화학회 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.1

The postpartum period in high-yielding dairy cows creates an enormous drain of nutrients in favor of milk yield which antagonizes the resumption of ovulatory cycles. Therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate the association of changes in postpartum serum metabolites with resumption of ovarian cyclicity. A total of 24 clinically healthy, freshly parturated primiparous (P-1) and multiparous (P-2) Holstein Frisian cows was selected. Cows were further divided on the basis of body condition score (BCS) 1 and 2 having BCS 3 or above 3, respectively. Weekly blood samples were collected and serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, progesterone, and cortisol concentrations were determined for a period of 7 weeks. The glucose concentration was significantly (P\0.05) higher in cows in P-2 during week 7. Cows in parity 2 had significantly (P\0.05) high cholesterol during week 6 and 7. The serum triglyceride concentration in multiparous animals having BCS-2 during week 6 was increased significantly (P\0.05). Serum cortisol was significantly (P\0.05) high in P-1 during week 1 and 2 and significantly (P\0.05) high in P-2 during week 7. Serum progesterone was significantly (P\0.05) higher in cows during week 7 in P-2 having BCS-2. The increased serum progesterone concentration during postpartum period was associated with decreased levels of serum cortisol and more availability of cholesterol and glucose. The multiparous cows maintained the postpartum blood metabolite concentration and showed better adaptability to reproductive cyclicity during the postpartum period as compared to primiparous cows.

Changes in postpartum metabolites and resumption of ovarian cyclicity in primiparous and multiparous dairy cows

Saqib, Muhammad Najmus,Qureshi, Muhammad Subhan,Khan, Rifat Ullah The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.1

The postpartum period in high-yielding dairy cows creates an enormous drain of nutrients in favor of milk yield which antagonizes the resumption of ovulatory cycles. Therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate the association of changes in postpartum serum metabolites with resumption of ovarian cyclicity. A total of 24 clinically healthy, freshly parturated primiparous (P-1) and multiparous (P-2) Holstein Frisian cows was selected. Cows were further divided on the basis of body condition score (BCS) 1 and 2 having BCS 3 or above 3, respectively. Weekly blood samples were collected and serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, progesterone, and cortisol concentrations were determined for a period of 7 weeks. The glucose concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in cows in P-2 during week 7. Cows in parity 2 had significantly (P < 0.05) high cholesterol during week 6 and 7. The serum triglyceride concentration in multiparous animals having BCS-2 during week 6 was increased significantly (P < 0.05). Serum cortisol was significantly (P < 0.05) high in P-1 during week 1 and 2 and significantly (P < 0.05) high in P-2 during week 7. Serum progesterone was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in cows during week 7 in P-2 having BCS-2. The increased serum progesterone concentration during postpartum period was associated with decreased levels of serum cortisol and more availability of cholesterol and glucose. The multiparous cows maintained the postpartum blood metabolite concentration and showed better adaptability to reproductive cyclicity during the postpartum period as compared to primiparous cows.

The effect of vitamin E and selenium on physiological, hormonal and antioxidant status of Damani and Balkhi sheep submitted to heat stress

Shakirullah,Muhammad Subhan Qureshi,Sohail Akhtar,Rifat Ullah Khan 한국응용생명화학회 2017 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.60 No.6

The present study was conducted to find the effect of vitamin E and selenium (Se) on physiological, hormonal and antioxidant status of Damani and Balkhi sheep under high ambient temperature. Forty Damani and Balkhi healthy multiparous, non-pregnant sheep having similar initial body weight were selected. The sheep in each breed were further equally divided into control and treated groups. The sheep were fed a dietary plan recommended by the National Research Council (Nutrient requirements of small ruminants: sheep, goats, cervids, and new world camelids, National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 2007). In addition, the sheep in the treated groups were supplemented with Se (0.3 mg) and vitamin E (50 mg) per kg of diet for 4 weeks. The results indicated that respiration and pulse rate decreased significantly (P\0.05) on day 28 compared to the first day of the study in the treatment groups. The concentration of T3 and T4 was significantly (P\0.01) high in Damani sheep compared to Balkhi. In addition, except follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and progesterone, T3 and T4 were significantly (P\0.01) high in the treated sheep compared to the control. Malondialdehyde (MDA), cortisol and heatshock protein (HSP-70) increased significantly (P\0.05) in Balkhi sheep compared to Damani. In the treated sheep, MDA, cortisol and HSP-70 were significantly (P\0.01) low, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were significantly (P\0.01) high in the treatment sheep. It was concluded that vitamin E and Se at the present doses improved the physiological, hormonal and antioxidant status in Damani and Balkhi sheep. In addition, Damani sheep were more tolerant to heat stress than Balkhi sheep.

Use of Postbiotic as Growth Promoter in Poultry Industry: A Review of Current Knowledge and Future Prospects

Muhammad Saeed,Zoya Afzal,Fatima Afzal,Rifat Ullah Khan,Shaaban S. Elnesr,Mahmoud Alagawany,Huayou Chen 한국축산식품학회 2023 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.43 No.6

Health-promoting preparations of inanimate microorganisms or their components are postbiotics. Since probiotics are sensitive to heat and oxygen, postbiotics are stable during industrial processing and storage. Postbiotics boost poultry growth, feed efficiency, intestinal pathogen reduction, and health, making them acceptable drivers of sustainable poultry production. It contains many important biological properties, such as immunomodulatory, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory responses. Postbiotics revealed promising antioxidant effects due to higher concentrations of uronic acid and due to some enzyme’s production of antioxidants, e.g., superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide oxidases and peroxidases. Postbiotics improve intestinal villi, increase lactic acid production, and reduce Enterobacteriaceae and fecal pH, all of which lead to a better immune reaction and health of the gut, as well as better growth performance. P13K/AKT as a potential target pathway for postbiotics-improved intestinal barrier functions. Similarly, postbiotics reduce yolk and plasma cholesterol levels in layers and improve egg quality. It was revealed that favorable outcomes were obtained with various inclusion levels at 1 kg and 0.5 kg. According to several studies, postbiotic compounds significantly increased poultry performance. This review article presents the most recent research investigating the beneficial results of postbiotics in poultry.