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Isolation and Culture Properties of a Thermophilic Agarase-Producing Strain, Microbulbifer sp. SD-1
Kim, Do-Kyun,Jang, Yu-Ri,Kim, Kyoung-Hoon,Lee, Mi-Nan,Kim, A-Ra,Jo, Eun-Ji,Byun, Tae-Hwan,Jeong, Eun-Tak,Kwon, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Byung-Woo,Lee, Eun-Woo The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2011 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.14 No.3
An agar-degrading enzyme-producing strain was isolated from seawater. The isolate was identified as Microbulbifer sp. SD-1 by 16S rRNA sequencing analysis. The optimal pH and temperature for growth were 6.0 and $30^{\circ}C$, respectively, and growth was possible at pH 9.0 and $60^{\circ}C$. The isolate required 5% NaCl for optimal growth and showed 45% growth activity without NaCl. Agar concentrations of 0-0.4% in the medium did not affect growth. Thin-layer chromatography analysis revealed that this strain could degrade agar into a monosaccharide and oligosaccharide, which may have industrial applications.
Kim, Seong Soon,Im, So Hee,Yang, Jung Yoon,Lee, Yu-Ri,Kim, Geum Ran,Chae, Jin Sil,Shin, Dae-Seop,Song, Jin Sook,Ahn, Sunjoo,Lee, Hoi,Woo, Jae Chun,Ahn, Jin Hee,Yun, Chang Soo,Kim, Phiho,Kim, Hyoung Ra JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF XENOBIOTICS 2019 DRUG METABOLISM AND PHARMACOKINETICS Vol.34 No.1
Microbial Contamination Levels of Strawberries at Domestic Farms of South Korea
Kim, Won-Il,Jo, A-Ra,Kim, Se-Ri,Ryu, Song Hee,Nam, Ki-Woong,Yoon, Yohan,Yoon, Deok-Hoon,Oh, So-Yong,Nam, Myeong Hyeon,Ryu, Jae-Gee,Kim, Hwang-Yong 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.47 No.6
Foodborne illness due to the consumption of contaminated raw strawberries is a continuing food safety concern. This study investigated and evaluated contamination levels of bacteria on strawberries at farms stage to evaluate potential hazards associated with fresh strawberries. A total of 315 samples, 105 samples from 5 sampling sites (A to E) of 21 farms and 210 samples from 1 sampling site of 6 farms, was collected every month for four months and analyzed to enumerate aerobic bacterial counts, Coliforms/E. coli, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, the prevalence study of five pathogens (S. aureus, E. coli, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes) was performed on each sample. Aerobic bacterial counts ranged from 0.48 to 6.36 Log CFU/g, with the highest bacterial cell counts recorded for D and E sites. Coliforms were detected in 71 samples (22.5%) with a minimum of 0.48 cfu/g and a maximum of more than 4 Log CFU/g. B. cereus was detected in 98 samples (31.1%) among total samples analyzed. S. aureus was detected in 2 samples with a minimum of 0.48 Log CFU/g and a maximum of 1.38 Log CFU/g. E. coli, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp. and L. monocytogenes were not isolated from any of the samples. The microbial contamination levels of strawberries determined in this study may be used as the fundamental data for microbiological risk assessment.
Ra Ri Cha,Jin Kyu Cho,Wan Soo Kim,Jin Joo Kim,Jae Min Lee,Sang Soo Lee,Hyun Jin Kim 대한소화기내시경학회 2019 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.52 No.3
Small cell carcinomas are the most aggressive, highly malignant neuroendocrine tumors; among these, gastric small cell carcinoma(GSCC) is extremely rare. Here we report a case of a patient with primary GSCC, presenting as linitis plastic, who was diagnosed usingendoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided biopsy. With undiagnosed linitis plastica, an 80-year-old woman was referred to our institution. Abdominal computed tomography revealed irregular wall thickening extending from the gastric body to the antrum. Endoscopysuspected to have Borrmann type IV advanced gastric cancer. EUS of the stomach showed diffuse submucosal thickening of the gastricwall, mainly the antrum. EUS-guided bite-on-bite biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of GSCC. In general, GSCC is diffcult to diagnoseand careful examination is necessary to determine the therapeutic strategy; however, EUS is particularly helpful in the differentialdiagnosis of a lesion presenting as linitis plastica.
Color Analysis of Avatar fashion style from on-line portal sites
Kim, Ri-Ra,Kim, Young-In The Korea Society of Costume 2008 International journal of costume and fashion Vol.8 No.2
The purpose of this study is to classify Avatar fashion style through analysis of on-line Avatar Mall and to propose color pallette and fashion contents from fashion color analysis. The literature research focused on investigating the notion, characters and types of Avatar and relation of Avatar and self-image, clothing image and color image. In data research, 4 on-line portal sites Avatar Malls were analyzed and Avatar fashion style was classified. In addition, Avatar clothing color was analyzed. The research of this study are as follows: Firstly, Avatar in the cyber space represents 'me' of the real states. Avatar fashion helps to represent Avatar Image and clothing makes human image and identity as a social sign. Color helps to constitute clothing impression and human image, therefore clothing and color are the important elements to express self-image through Avatar in the cyber space. Secondly, Avatar Malls of 4 on-line portal sites are very similar and confuse Avatar users because of no standard of fashion style classification. Accordingly, the standard of fashion style classification should be made by a fashion expert, and the specific characters of every on-line portal site should be emphasized. Thirdly, as a result of the analysis of Avatar's clothing, the clothing is divided into a real world clothing and an imaginary world clothing. There are daily clothes, uniform, event clothes, story clothes and fantasy clothes. As a result of the color analysis of Avatar clothing, White, Red, Red Purple colors and bright and vivid tone are generally used for Avatar clothing. This study is significant to classify Avatar fashion style systematically, to notify sensitive and delicate users' sign and to make Avatar fashion image emotional and high-quality.
Ra Ri Cha,Jeong Hwan Kim,Hoon Sup Koo,Kee Wook Jung,Yang Won Min,Chang Hwan Choi,Han Seung Ryu,Yong Hwan Kwon,Dae Hyeon Cho,Joong Goo Kwon,Kyung Sik Park,Hyun Jin Kim 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2022 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.28 No.2
Background/AimsNon-celiac gluten sensitivity is characterized by intestinal and extra intestinal symptoms associated with the consumption of gluten-containing food. Since biomarkers for non-celiac gluten sensitivity are lacking, its prevalence is estimated based on self-reported symptoms. However, no data exist on self-reported non-celiac gluten sensitivity in the Korean population. Thus, we aim to investigate the prevalence of self-reported non-celiac gluten sensitivity in the Korean population and to determine its demographic and clinical characteristics. MethodsThis study surveyed Korean participants aged 18-80 years who visited gastroenterology outpatient clinics at 9 tertiary hospitals in South Korea from January 2016 to February 2017. They were questioned regarding symptoms related to gluten ingestion: degree of discomfort (visual analog scale score), frequency, time of symptom onset, and duration. Abdominal discomfort caused by 11 different kinds of gluten-containing Korean food items was investigated. ResultsMore non-celiac gluten sensitivity self-reporters were identified among those with irritable bowel syndrome (33.6%) than among controls (5.8%). Major gastrointestinal symptoms included bloating (75.0%), abdominal discomfort (71.3%), and belching (45.0%). Common extra-intestinal symptoms included fatigue (20.0%) and headache (13.7%). More than half of those who self-reported non-celiac gluten sensitivity (66.3%) developed symptoms within 1 hour of food ingestion, and symptoms were localized in the upper abdomen (37.5%) and entire abdomen (30.0%). ConclusionOur findings suggest that if there are gluten-related symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome, the possibility of accompanying non-celiac gluten sensitivity should be considered.
Kim, Yu-Ri,Kim, In-Kyoung,Seo, Sang-Hui,Lee, Seung-Ho,Lee, Hee-Ra,Pie, Jae-Eun,Kim, Meyoung-Kon The Korean Society of Toxicogenomics and Toxicopro 2010 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.6 No.4
The increasing prevalence and severity of environmental diseases have been attributed the rise in environmental pollutants occurring as a consequence of industrial development. In this study, we examined that underlying mechanisms of toluene in human lung epithelial cells. We selected two genes known to be involved in environmental disease such as RANTES and eotaxin for the present study based on published reports and prior observation. We observed that toluene increased the mRNA and protein levels of RANTES and eotaxin in a dose-dependent manner, together with the activation of p38 MAPK and JNK. Moreover, the inhibition of p38 MAPK and JNK activation prevented the release of RANTES and eotaxin induced by toluene. The present study is the first to show that toluene exposure induces the expression of RANTES and eotaxin in human bronchial epithelial cells through two distinct MAPKs such as p38 and JNK. Our observations suggest that modulation of the expression of immunerelated chemokines and cytokines may be important factors in development of environmental diseases induced by air pollutants.
Kim, So Ra,Jung, Yu Ri,Kim, Dae Hyun,An, Hye Jin,Kim, Mi Kyung,Kim, Nam Deuk,Chung, Hae Young 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.4
The redox sensitive, proinflammatory nuclear transcription factor NF-${\kappa}B$ plays a key role in inflammation. In a redox state disrupted by oxidative stress, proinflammatory genes are upregulated by the activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ via diverse kinases. Thus, the search and characterization of new substances that modulate NF-${\kappa}B$ are topics of considerable research interest. Caffeic acid is a component of garlic, some fruits, and coffee, and is widely used as a phenolic agent in beverages. In the present study, caffeic acid was examined with respect to the modulation of inflammatory NF-${\kappa}B$ activation via the redox-related c-Src/ERK and NIK/IKK pathways via the reduction of oxidative stress. YPEN-1 cells (an endothelial cell line) were used to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of caffeic acid by examining its modulation of NF-${\kappa}B$ signaling pathway by LPS. Our results show that LPS-induced oxidative stress-related NF-${\kappa}B$ activation upregulated pro-inflammatory COX-2, NF-${\kappa}B$ targeting gene which were all inhibited effectively by caffeic acid. Our study shows that caffeic acid inhibits the activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ via the c-Src/ERK and NIK/IKK signal transduction pathways. Our results indicate that antioxidative effect of caffeic acid and its restoration of redox balance are responsible for its anti-inflammatory action. Thus, the study provides new information regarding the anti-inflammatory properties of caffeic acid and the roles in the regulation of LPS-induced oxidative stress induces alterations in signal transduction pathways.
Zeng, Ri-Zhong,Kim, Han-Geun,Kim, Na-Ra,Gim, Min-Geun,Ko, Mi-Yeon,Lee, Seung-Yeon,Kim, Chul-Min,Chung, Dae-Kyun The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2011 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.54 No.5
The lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of Staphylococcus aureus (aLTA) and Lactobacillus plantarum (pLTA) engage the same toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling pathway but exert different effects on innate immunity and inflammation. The mechanisms underlying these differential effects are not yet clear. Human oligonucleotide microarrays were used to investigate the transcriptome of human THP-1 monocytes upon exposure to aLTA or pLTA, and differential gene expression profiles were observed between the aLTA- and pLTA-treated cells. The expression level of 1,302 genes in aLTA-treated cells increased more than 2-fold; some of which have been implicated in immune or inflammatory responses, cell adhesion, cell signal transduction, transcription factors, anion transport, proteolysis, and oxidative processes. Particularly, a variety of genes that encode cytokines and chemokines, and TLR signaling-related molecules belonging to the tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF), nuclear factor-kappa B, and signal transducer and activator of transcription families were remarkably up-regulated by aLTA stimulation. In contrast, pLTA treatment altered the expression of only 90 genes by more than 1.5-fold, and these genes were not correlated with innate immunity, inflammation or other related processes. The different effects mediated by aLTA and pLTA were further verified and compared by analysis of the expression of a selected group of genes, including TRAFs and some cytokines and chemokines, using real time-polymerase chain reaction and ELISA. These data suggest that aLTA and pLTA have different immunomodulatory potentials. Compared with pLTA, aLTA is a stronger stimulator and impacts the expression of many innate immunity- and/or inflammation-related genes.