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Cytogenetic assessment of Haworthia using flow cytometry and fluorescence in situ hybridization
Reshma Yesmin,Md. Mazharul Islam,Deen Mohammad Deepo,김홍열,Chang Kil Kim,Ki-Byung Lim 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.1
The purpose of this study was to investigate cytogenetic variations between the nine Haworthia species necessary forsubsequent breeding. Flow cytometric analysis of H. badia ‘Murasaki’, H. splendens , H. truncata ‘Seiko’, H. cooperi var. obtusa , H. cymbiformis , H. mirabilis var. mundula , and H. retusa showed a wide range of DNA content from 10.17 to12.17 pg/1C, whereas two tetraploids, H. limifolia and H. angustifolia var. baylisii , showed higher DNA content of 16.81 and12.64 pg/1C, respectively. Seven diploid Haworthia expressed three karyotype formulas, whereas two tetraploid Haworthiaeach expressed a diff erent karyotype formula. Secondary constriction was observed in H. truncata ‘Seiko’ and H. cooperivar. obtusa . Results of fl uorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) showed a major diff erence between the diploid and tetraploidHaworthia in the distribution of 5S and 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) loci. There were eight loci in two out of sevendiploids and both tetraploid Haworthia , while H. cymbiformis and H. mirabilis var. mundula each showed seven 18S rDNAloci. H. badia ‘Murasaki’, H. splendens , and H. retusa had four, three, and fi ve 18S rDNA loci, respectively. In addition, asingle pair of 5S rDNA loci was observed in all diploid Haworthia except H. cooperi var. obtusa , which had four 5S rDNAloci. Each tetraploid Haworthia had four 5S rDNA loci, with two strong and two weak signals. All 5S and 18S rDNA lociwere observed on the long arm, in the subtelomeric or telomeric region, while a signifi cant variation in chromosome lengthwas observed among the Haworthia . This cytological analysis provides the necessary genetic information to elucidate thegenetic makeup of newly introduced Haworthia hybrids.
Role of Growth Regulators in the Somatic Organogenesis of Haworthia Inflorescences in Vitro
Yesmin Reshma,Islam MD Mazharul,Hong-Yul Kim,Chang-kil Kim,Ki-Byung Lim 한국원예학회 2020 원예과학기술지 Vol.38 No.3
This study investigated the effect of growth regulators on the somatic organogenesis of Haworthia inflorescences. The inflorescences of five Haworthia cultivars and one species were cultured on 1X and 0.5X MS media with/without growth regulators for organogenesis. Shoot and callus induction was observed for three of the five cultivars, whereas only callus induction was observed for the other two cultivars and one species. Of the two growth regulator-free media used, all explants performed better on ½ fold MS medium than on 1 fold MS medium in terms of shoot and callus induction. Conversely, among the six media supplemented with kinetin and 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), there was no shoot formation; however, a different response in callus formation was observed for H. splendens and ‘White Wolf’. The callus induction of H. splendens was more vigorous than that of ‘White Wolf’. In this study, better organogenesis from young upper parts of the inflorescences was observed. The highest shoot and root multiplication was observed on NAA containing medium, and no root formation was observed on BA containing medium. The highest shoot multiplication (20.8 ± 0.29) was observed for ‘Tiffany × Fertenon B Com’ on 1.4 ㎎·L<SUP>-1</SUP> BA containing medium within 18 weeks, whereas, the highest root induction was observed for Haworthia ‘Natalie’ on medium containing 0.05 ㎎·L<SUP>-1</SUP> NAA. The results revealed that different parts of Haworthia inflorescences showed different organogenesis responses. Therefore, this study contributes to a better understanding of the organogenesis response of Haworthia cultivars on different media.
Islam, Md. Mazharul,Yesmin, Reshma,Jung, Min-Jung,Kim, Hong-Yul,Kim, Chang-Kil,Lim, Ki-Byung Korean Society for Horticultural Science 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.2
<P> This study aimed to determine the morphological and cytogenetic differences in an intraspecific Asiatic F<SUB>1</SUB> <I>Lilium</I> hybrid. The results indicated that leaf color and shape, flower morphology including color, spot size on petal, and filament color in the F<SUB>1</SUB> hybrid showed significant variations as compared to parents, while days to flowering were similar to those of the parents. Moreover, stem height, leaf number, and leaf width showed distinct variations. Interestingly, the intraspecific F1 progeny obtained from Asiatic lily parents showed higher pollen viability. In addition, FISH results revealed significant variation in the number of 18S rDNA and 5S rDNA loci identified in both parents and the F<SUB>1</SUB> progeny. The female (2n=4x=48) parent had 12 loci of 18S rDNA, whereas the male (2n=2x=24) parent and the F<SUB>1</SUB> (2n=3x=36) had 8 and 11 loci of 18S rDNA, respectively. Moreover, the F<SUB>1</SUB> progeny had 9 loci of 5S rDNA compared with the 7 and 4 loci identified in the female and male parents, respectively. All 5S rDNA signals were observed on the long arm in both the female parent and the F<SUB>1</SUB>; however, one 5S rDNA signal was observed on the short arm in the male parent. Therefore, this study demonstrated that the distribution of ribosomal DNA was greatly different in the F<SUB>1</SUB> progeny than that of parents. </P>