The effect of molecular solvents on the viscosity, conductivity and ionicity of mixtures containing chloride anion-based ionic liquid

Qiwei Yang,Huabin Xing,Kun Yu,Baogen Su,Zongbi Bao,Yiwen Yang,Qilong Ren 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.5

Chloride anion-based ionic liquids (ILs) have unique importance among various ILs. Nevertheless, they are usually very viscous, and the study on their mixtures with molecular solvent is important for their practical application. In this work, the viscosities and conductivities of the binary mixtures of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and several protic/aprotic solvents were measured, and the underlying information about intermolecular interaction and microscopic structure was discussed. The result showed that the molecular solvents which have relatively high dielectric constant and hydrogen-bond acidity will be more efficient in promoting the dissociation of chloride anion-based ILs and improving the transport properties of corresponding applications.

Structural Relationship between Motivation, Involvement, Satisfaction and Loyalty of University Basketball Participants in China

( Qiwei Yang ),( Xin Qi ),( Shihao Huang ),( Chuan Yi ),( Yinggang Chen ) 아시아스포츠융합과학회 2021 Asia Pacific Journal of Applied Sport Sciences Vol.2 No.2

PURPOSE The main purpose of this study is to test the structural relationship between motivation, involvement, satisfaction and loyalty of university basketball participants in China. METHOD The study took the participants of basketball clubs from five universities in Hunan Province as the subject. 846 questionnaires were collected and 800 were used in this study. SPSS24 and AMOS were used for this research. RESULT The results show that the motivation of basketball club’s participants has a significant positive impact on involvement, satisfaction and loyalty; Involvement has a significant positive effect on satisfaction and loyalty; Satisfaction has significant positive influence to loyalty. Finally, involvement and satisfaction can play a partial mediating role between motivation and loyalty. CONCLUSION This study verifies the structural relationship between motivation, involvement, satisfaction and loyalty of Chinese college basketball club participants. Motivation is the most important factor affecting participants’ loyalty, while involvement has the least impact on participants’ satisfaction and loyalty. Consequently, the PE management staff in university should attach more importance the motivation of participants in order to attract more students to participate in basketball activity and maintain their interests.

Synthesis and characterization of a K/K2CO3-based solid superbase as a catalyst in propylene dimerization

Haibo Jin,Heng Jiang,Qiwei Wang,Suohe Yang,Guohua Luo,Guangxiang He 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.2

A novel solid superbase 3%K/K2CO3 was prepared by loading metallic potassium on K2CO3. The optimized preparation conditions included a loading time of 1.5 h, loading temperature of 150 oC, loading amount of 3wt% and average carrier size of 120 μm. Under the optimum conditions, the conversion of propylene is about 60% with the selectivity of dimers 98.5% and the selectivity of 4MP1 86.3%. In addition, the superbase 3%K/K2CO3 has a base strength of H−≥37, and the concentration of basic sites of H−≥35 is approximately 0.3mmol·g−1 CAT. The microcrystal of metallic potassium was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was assumed that the oxygen species, which are adjacent to lattice defects, such as the crystalline corners, edges and vacancies of metallic potassium microcrystals, constituted the superbasic sites.

Study on Internal Flow Mechanism and Performance of Double-suction Annular Jet Pumps

Chenbing Zhu,Xuelong Yang,Jie Ge,Qiwei Zhou,Jiegang Mou 한국유체기계학회 2024 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.17 No.1

This paper adopts the theory of jet energy transfer analysis and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology to improve annular jet pump (AJP). The nozzle of AJP is improved so that the annular nozzle is wrapped by the suction nozzles on both sides, which creates a double-suction annular jet pump (DAJP). The primary flow injected into suction chamber is surrounded by the secondary flow. The energy loss caused by direct contact of the primary flow with the wall is reduced. CFD was used to analyze the flow mechanism and performance in order to optimize its structure. Simulation results show that: the performance of the jet pump with a nozzle distance of 8mm from the wall is better than that of the other three DAJPs and the prototype pump. Its maximum efficiency can reach 51.77%. When the flow rate ratio is less than 0.4, the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) is larger. It causes instability and irregular fluid motion, which ultimately leads to fluid energy loss and flow resistance increase. The smaller the flow ratio, the larger the backflow area in the suction chamber. The backflow area disappears when the flow ratio is greater than 0.4. The prototype pump only appears the backflow area near the axis of the suction chamber, while the DAJP also has a backflow area near the wall where the nozzle connects with the suction chamber

Determination and correlation of the solubility of L-arabinose and D-galactose in binary solvent mixtures from 278.15 to 333.15K

Min Li,Minhui Huang,Zhiguo Zhang,Qiwei Yang,Yiwen Yang,Zongbi Bao,Qilong Ren 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.10

L-arabinose and D-galactose could be released during the hydrolysis process of Arabic gum. The development of a crystallization process of L-arabinose is highly dependent on the knowledge of the solubility of both saccharides. In this work, the solubility of L-arabinose and D-galactose in binary mixtures of methanol-water or ethanolwater (mole fraction of water 0.5816) was determined at temperatures between 278.15 and 333.15K by a static equilibrium method. The experimental data correlated well with the modified Apelblat equation, the simplified polynomial empirical equation, NRTL model and UNIQUAC model. Additionally, the thermodynamic properties including the dissolution enthalpy and entropy were obtained from the experimental data. Within the studied temperature range, the dissolution is endothermic and the dissolution process is non-spontaneous.

Adsorption behavior of α-tocopheryl succinate and α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate onto weakly basic anion exchange resins

Liyun Kong,Zhiguo Zhang,Huabin Xing,Qiwei Yang,Baogen Su,Zongbi Bao,Yiwen Yang,Qilong Ren 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.3

Polyethylene glycol (PEG) esters are important, nontoxic and biodegradable non-ionic surfactants. A keyprocedure in producing PEG esters is their separation from unreacted or excess acids. We propose an adsorptionmethod using the weakly basic anion exchange resins for the separation of organic acids and PEG esters for the firsttime. With α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) and α-tocopheryl succinate (α-TS) as the examples ofPEG ester and organic acid, respectively, single-component equilibrium experiments revealed the great potential of thismethod. Studies on the adsorption equilibrium, thermodynamics and kinetics of α-TS onto a weakly basic anion exchangeresin were also carried out. This research is not only important for the production of TPGS, but also instructivefor the separation of other PEG-esters from the reaction mixtures.

Relationship between Risk Perception, Satisfaction and Behavioral Intention among Customers of Trampoline Theme Park

( Ye Yuan ),( Xiangbai Zhang ),( Zhaohui Han ),( Jingying Lin ),( Qiwei Yang ) 아시아스포츠융합과학회 2022 Asia Pacific Journal of Applied Sport Sciences Vol.3 No.2

PURPOSE The main objective of this study was to validate the structural equation model of customer risk perception, satisfaction, and behavioral intention at Shenyang trampoline theme park. METHOD Study subjects included participants at six trampoline subject parks in Shenyang City. In this study, 312 questionnaires were distributed, 31 invalid questionnaires were removed for reasons such as being incomplete or incorrect. A total of 281 questionnaires were collected and used for analyses performed using SPSS 2.4 and Amos for hypothesis testing. Collected data was analyzed by descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling methods. RESULT Study results found (1) risk prevention had a direct effect on revisit intention and recommendation intention, and (2) the relationship between risk prevention and behavioral intention was moderated by satisfaction. CONCLUSION These findings confirm the importance of risk prevention, satisfaction and behavioral intentions in the recreational sport industry, which relevant management organizers should focus on and make practical efforts from multiple foundational aspects such as facilities, management, funding, It is expected that this study will contribute to the development of sport leisure industry. At the same time, this study also has limitations. Firstly, the study sample was only from Shenyang City and may not be representative of the rest of China. Samples could be collected in more regions in the future to improve the validity of the model. Secondly, only satisfaction was used as a mediator, and it is suggested that other variables could be added as mediating variables through questionnaires and a SPSS analysis to better explore the relationship between risk prevention, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions.