Novel DNAH1 Mutation Loci Lead to Multiple Morphological Abnormalities of the Sperm Flagella and Literature Review

Zhuang Bao-Jun,Xu Su-Yun,Dong Liang,Zhang Pei-Hai,Zhuang Bao-Lin,Huang Xiao-Peng,Li Guang-Sen,You Yao-Dong,Chen Di'Ang,Yu Xu-Jun,Chang De-Gui 대한남성과학회 2022 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.40 No.4

The protein encoded by dynein axonemal heavy chain 1 (DNAH1) is a part of dynein, which regulates the function of cilia and sperm flagella. The mutant of DNAH1 causes the deletion of inner dynein arm 3 in the flagellum, leading to multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella (MMAF) and severe asthenozoospermia. However, instead of asthenozoospermia and MMAF, the result caused by the mutation of DNAH1 remains unknown. Here we report a male infertility patient with severe asthenozoospermia and teratozoospermia. We found two heterozygous mutations in DNAH1 (c.6912C>A and c.7076G>T) and which were reported to be associated with MMAF for the first time. We next collected and analyzed 65 cases of DNAH1 mutation and found that the proportion of short flagella is the largest, while the bent flagella account for the smallest, and the incidence of head deformity is not high in the sperm of these patients. Finally, we also analyzed 31 DNAH1 mutation patients who were treated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and achieved beneficial outcomes. We hope our research will be helpful in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility caused by DNAH1 mutation.

Discriminant Locality Preserving Projections Based on Neighborhood Maximum Margin

Kezheng Lin,Youhu Rong,Di Wu,Liangwei Zhuang,Peng Li 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.7 No.6

This paper took a research about the small size sample problem of the discriminant locality preserving projections method, and proposed the discriminant locality preserving projections method based on neighborhood maximum margin (NMMDLPP). Firstly, the training sample structured a weighted of K-nearest neighbor graph, and gave the weight parameter to each side of the nearest neighbor graph for obtaining the intraclass neighbors and interclass neighbors local geometry information of each point; then reduce the interval between the intraclass neighbors and increase the interval between the interclass neighbors with the result of transfer matrix, and applied the neighbor point optimal refactoring coefficient of the data to the objective function. This method chose the difference between the locality preserving between-class scatter and the locality preserving within-class scatter as the objective function to avoid of calculating the inversion of matrix. This method has conducted an experiment on the UMIST face database and Yale face database. Experimental results show that the NMMDLPP algorithm is superior to other algorithms in recognition rate. The recognition rate can reach more than 91.4%.

Effect of Surface Waviness on the Performances of an Aerostatic Thrust Bearing with Orifice-Type Restrictor

Hui Zhuang,Jianguo Ding,Peng Chen,Yu Chang,Xiaoyun Zeng,Hong Yang,Xingbao Liu,Wei Wei 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.10

In this paper, four waviness types are presented to investigate the effect of surface waviness on the static performance, dynamic performance and stability of an aerostatic thrust bearing with orifice-type restrictor. The influences of wave amplitude and rotational speed on the bearing performances are studied. The Reynolds equation is first solved through small perturbation method to obtain the static and dynamic characteristics. Subsequently, by adopting an iterative method based on the acquired dynamic coefficients, a numerical method is proposed to analyze the bearing stability. The calculated critical supply pressure is compared with that obtained by the traditional orbit method and it indicates that the proposed method has higher computational efficiency. The results show that the surface waviness has great influence on the bearing performances and the effect becomes increasingly pronounced with the growth of wave amplitude. The performances are more sensitive to the waviness arranged in bearing radial direction than circumferential direction. The enhancement of certain performance is always accompanied by the decline of another performance for the bearing with wave pattern on the surface, which leads to the fact that the bearing performances cannot be comprehensively improved in static characteristic, dynamic characteristic and stability. Besides, high rotational speed will cause pneumatic instability more readily. Finally, a stiff ness measuring experiment and a modal test are performed to verify the accuracy of computational analysis and results.

OPTIMAL DESIGN OF THREE-PLANETARY-GEAR POWER-SPLIT HYBRID POWERTRAINS

W. ZHUANG,X. ZHANG,D. ZHAO,H. PENG,L. WANG 한국자동차공학회 2016 International journal of automotive technology Vol.17 No.2

Many of today’s power-split hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) utilize planetary gears (PGs) to connect the powertrain elements together. Recent power-split HEVs tend to use two PGs and some of them have multiple modes to achieve better fuel economy and driving performance. Looking to the future, hybrid powertrain technologies must be enhanced to design hybrid light trucks. For light trucks, the need for multi-mode and more PGs is stronger, to achieve the required performance. To systematically explore all the possible designs of multi-mode HEVs with three PGs, an efficient searching and optimization methodology is proposed. All possible clutch topology and modes for one existing configuration that uses three PGs were exhaustively searched. The launching performance is first used to screen out designs that fail to satisfy the required launching performance. A near-optimal and computationally efficient energy management strategy was then employed to identify designs that achieve good fuel economy. The proposed design process successfully identify 8 designs that achieve better launching performance and better fuel economy, while using fewer number of clutches than the benchmark and a patented design.

Study on Meso-Fracture Behavior and Fractal Characteristics of Sandstone with Different Particle Sizes under Compression-Shear Test Conditions

Rui Peng,Tong Zhuang 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.7

In order to explore the micro-cracking behavior and fractal characteristics of sandstone with different particle sizes under the condition of compression-shear test, this paper studies sandstone with different particle sizes by using high-strength concrete wrapped in cylindrical sandstone test specimen to carry out a compression-shear mechanical test, with the assistance of performing 3D optical scanning on the fracture surface of sandstone after shear failure by using MATLAB to re-establish the three-dimensional shape of the fracture surface. The roughness parameter of the joint surface is introduced to quantitatively calculate the fracture structural plane, which found that the roughness parameter manifests the damage of the structural plane well. The roughness of fracture surface is negatively correlated with the particle size of sandstone, that is, the roughness of fracture surface increases with the decrease of particle size. The fractal dimension of the structural trace line and the sampling area is calculated according to the digital model. Obvious anisotropic characteristics are observed in both dimensions, where the fractal dimension is positively correlated with the particle size of sandstone, in another word, the fractal dimension decreases along with the particle size. The above research results provide experimental support in scientific theory for clarifying the instability mechanism of sandy rock roadway under compression-shear conditions.

Terahertz Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Five Citrates

Siyu Qian,Bo Peng,Boyan Zhang,Jingyi Shu,Zhuang Peng,Bo Su,Cunlin Zhang 한국광학회 2024 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.8 No.1

This research investigation employs a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system to study the terahertz (THz) spectral characteristics of five different citrates in both solution and solid state. The citrates under examination are lithium citrate, monosodium citrate, disodium citrate, trisodium citrate, and potassium citrate. The results show that the THz absorption coefficients of the first four citrate solutions exhibit a decreasing trend with increasing concentration. However, the potassium citrate solution shows an opposite phenomenon. At the same time, the absorption coefficients of lithium citrate, trisodium citrate, and potassium citrate solutions are compared at the same concentration. The results indicate that the absorption coefficient of citrate solution increases in proportion to the increase of metal cation radius, which is explained from the perspective of the influence of metal cations on hydrogen bonds. In addition, we also study the absorption peaks of solid citrates, and characterize the formation mechanism of the absorption peaks by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This methodology can be further extended to the study of multitudinous salts, presenting theoretical foundations for the detection in food and medicine industries.

Directed Evolution of Beta-galactosidase from Escherichia coli into Beta-glucuronidase

Xiong, Ai-Sheng,Peng, Ri-He,Zhuang, Jing,Liu, Jin-Ge,Xu, Fang,Cai, Bin,Guo, Zhao-Kui,Qiao, Yu-Shan,Chen, Jian-Min,Zhang, Zhen,Yao, Quan-Hong Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2007 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.40 No.3

In vitro directed evolution through DNA shuffling is a powerful molecular tool for creation of new biological phenotypes. E. coli $\beta$-galactosidase and $\beta$-glucuronidase are widely used, and their biological function, catalytic mechanism, and molecular structures are well characterized. We applied an in vitro directed evolution strategy through DNA shuffling and obtained five mutants named YG6764, YG6768, YG6769, YG6770 and YG6771 after two rounds of DNA shuffling and screening, which exhibited more $\beta$-glucuronidase activity than wild-type $\beta$-galactosidase. These variants had mutations at fourteen nucleic acid sites, resulting in changes in ten amino acids: S193N, T266A, Q267R, V411A, D448G, G466A, L527I, M543I, Q626R and Q951R. We expressed and purified those mutant proteins. Compared to the wild-type protein, five mutant proteins exhibited high $\beta$-glucuronidase activity. The comparison of molecular models of the mutated and wildtype enzymes revealed the relationship between protein function and structural modification.

Diagnostic Potential of Strain Ratio Measurement and a 5 Point Scoring Method for Detection of Breast Cancer: Chinese Experience

Parajuly, Shyam Sundar,Lan, Peng Yu,Yun, Ma Bu,Gang, Yang Zhi,Hua, Zhuang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.4

Aim: To evaluate the differential diagnostic potential of lesion stiffness assessed by the sonoelastographic strain index ratio (SR) and elastographic color scoring system (UE) for breast lesions. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and forty two breast masses (158 benign and 184 malignant) from 325 consecutive patients (mean age 44.2 years; range 16-81)who had been scheduled for a sonographically guided core biopsy were examined proposed by Itoh et al, with scoring 1-3=benign and 4-5=malignant. Strain and area ratios of each lesion were calculated within the same machine. Histological diagnosis was used as the reference standard. The area under the curve (AUC) and cut-off point were obtained by receiver operating curve and the cross table Fischer Test was carried out for assessing diagnostic value. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy and false-discovery rates were compared. Results: The mean strain ratios for benign and malignant lesions were 1.87 and 7.9 respectively. (P<0.0001). When a cutoff point of 3.54 was used, SR had a sensitivity of 94.6%, a specificity 94.3%, a PPV of 95.1%, an NPV of 93.7% and an accuracy of 94.4%. The AUC values were 0.90 for the 5 point scoring system (UE) and 0.96 for the strain index ratio. The overall diagnostic performance was SR method was better (P<0.05). Conclusions: Strain ratio measurement could be another effective predictor in elastography imaging besides 5 the point scoring system for differential diagnosis of breast lesions.

Study on heat transfer characteristics and structural parameter effects of heat pipe with fins based on MOOSE platform

Chen Xiaoquan,Du Peng,Tian Rui,Li Zhuoyao,Lian Hongkun,Zhuang Kun,Wang Sipeng 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.1

The space reactor is the primary energy supply for future space vehicles and space stations. The radiator is one of the essential parts of a space reactor. Therefore, the research on radiators can improve the heat dissipation power, reduce the quality of radiators, and make the space reactor smaller. Based on MOOSE multi-physics numerical calculation platform, a simulation program for the combination of heat pipe and fin at the end of heat pipe radiator is developed. It is verified that the calculation result of this program is accurate and the calculation speed is fast. Analyze the heat transfer characteristics of the combination with heat pipe and fin, and obtain its internal temperature field. Based on the calculation results, the influence of structural parameters on the heat dissipation power is analyzed. The results show that when the fin width is 0.25 m, fin thickness is 0.002 m, condensing section length is 0.5425 m and heat pipe radius is 0.014 m, the power-mass ratio is the highest. When the temperature is 700Ke900K, the heat dissipation power increases 41.12% for every 100K increase in the operating temperature. Smaller fin width and thinner fin thickness can improve the power-mass ratio and reduce the radiator quality.

Comparative study on the structures and properties of organo-montmorillonite and organo-palygorskite in oil-based drilling fluids

Zepeng Zhang,Guanzheng Zhuang,Maguy Jaber,Jiahua Gao,Shanmao Peng 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.56 No.-

This work aims to reveal the differences of structures and properties between organo-montmorillonite(OMt) and organo-palygorskite (OPal) in oil-based drillingfluids. Organoclays are prepared in aqueoussolution and characterized by XRD, SEM and TEM. Surfactants can intercalate into the interlayer space ofMt while they coat only on the palygorskite surface. OMt can form “house of cards” structure while OPalforms “haystack” structure. Temperature rising promotes network structure and rheological properties oforganoclays in oil. The decline of rheological properties at high temperature is mainly caused by thedissolution of surfactants into oil, instead of thermal decomposition.