Requirement of Non-phytate Phosphorus in Synthetic Broiler Breeder Diet

Bhanja, S.K.,Reddy, V.R.,Panda, A.K.,Rama Rao, S.V.,Sharma, R.P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.6

An experiment was conducted to study the laying performance, shell quality, bone mineralization, hatchability of eggs and performance of progeny (weight at day one and 14 d of age, P content in day old chick, leg score and survivability of chicks) of synthetic broiler breeders fed different levels of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP). Six levels of NPP (1.2, 1.8, 2.4, 3.0, 3.6 and 4.2 g/kg diet) at a constant calcium (Ca) level (30 g/kg) in a maize-soya-deoiled rice bran based diet were tested. Levels of dicalcium phosphate, shell grit and deoiled rice bran were adjusted to achieve the desired levels of NPP and Ca. Each level of NPP was fed with a weighed quantity of feed (160 g/b/d) to 40 female broiler breeders from 25 to 40 weeks of age housed in individual cages. Each bird was considered as a replicate. Egg production, feed/egg mass, body weight, egg weight, shell weight, shell thickness, egg specific gravity, serum Ca content and tibia breaking strength were not influenced (p>0.05) by the variation in dietary NPP levels tested. Increasing the dietary levels of NPP did not influence the hatchability of eggs, phosphorus (P) contents both in egg yolk and day old chick, chick body weight at day one and 14 d of age, leg score and survivability of chicks up to 14 d of age. Maximum response ($p{\leq}0.01$) in shell breaking strength, tibia ash and serum inorganic P contents were observed at NPP levels of 2.09, 2.25 and 3.50 g per kg diet, respectively. The retention of Ca increased, while the P retention decreased ($p{\leq}0.01$) with increasing dietary levels of NPP. Though maximum responses in shell breaking strength, bone ash and serum inorganic P were observed at NPP higher than 1.2 g/kg diet, the broiler breeder performance in terms of egg production, shell quality, hatchability of eggs and progeny performance and their survivability was not influenced by dietary NPP concentrations. It is concluded that synthetic broiler breeders maintained in cages do not require more than 1.2 g NPP/kg diet with a daily intake of 192 mg NPP/b/d during 24 to 40 weeks of age.

Effect of Supplementing Microbial Phytase on Performance of Broiler Breeders Fed Low Non-phytate Phosphorus Diet

Bhanja, S.K.,Reddy, V.R.,Panda, A.K.,Rao, S.V. Rama,Sharma, R.P. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2005 Animal Bioscience Vol.18 No.9

An experiment was conducted to study the production performance of broiler breeder females (25 to 40 weeks of age) fed either reference diet or low non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) diet with or without microbial phytase (500 FYT/kg) supplementation. A weighed (160 g/b/d) quantity of feed from each diet was offered daily to 40 replicates of one bird each housed in California type cage having individual feeders. Each cage was considered as a replicate. A continuous 16-h light per day was provided using incandescent bulbs. Body weight, egg production, egg weight, feed per egg mass, egg specific gravity, egg breaking strength, shell thickness, tibia ash and serum Ca and protein concentrations were not affected by reducing the NPP level from 0.30 to 0.18% in the broiler breeder diet. Supplementation of phytase (500 FYT/kg) enzyme to the diet containing 0.18% NPP had no added advantage on any of the above production parameters. The serum inorganic P was increased significantly (p<0.05) by either enhancing the NPP content from 0.18 to 0.30% or supplementing phytase @500 FYT/kg to the diet containing low P which were found comparable. Retention of Ca and P was positive on all the diets. P retention decreased significantly (p<0.05) with either increase in NPP content or phytase supplementation in the diet. Neither NPP nor phytase supplementation influenced bone mineralization in terms of tibia ash and strength. The hatchability was not influenced by either increasing the NPP content or supplementing the enzyme phytase. Similarly, the P concentration in the egg yolk and day old chick, day old and 14th day body weight and leg score was not altered by increasing the level of NPP or supplementing phytase enzyme. The mortality was within the normal limits in all the three dietary groups. Thus, it can be concluded that 0.18% NPP (288 mg NPP intake/b/d) in the broiler breeder' diet is adequate in sustaining the optimum performance from 25 to 40 wks of age. Enhancing the NPP content or supplementation of phytase (500 FYT/kg diet) to diet containing 0.18% NPP had no added advantage on performance.

SUBMANIFOLD OF (κ, μ)- CONTACT METRIC MANIFOLD AS A RICCI SOLITON

H. G. NAGARAJA,DIPANSHA KUMARI,P. S. K. Reddy 장전수학회 2021 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.24 No.1

We study invariant and anti-invariant submanifolds of (κ, μ)- contact metric manifolds as Ricci solitons and show that the nature of Ricci soliton depends on the value of k. We also show that, in the sub- manifold as Ricci soliton, structure tensor Φ anti commutes with the Ricci operator Q.

The influence of in situ deposition techniques on PbS seeded CdS/CdSe for enhancing the photovoltaic performance of quantum dot sensitized solar cells

Punnoose, D.,Suh, S.M.,Kim, B.J.,kim, S.k.,Kumar, Ch.S.S.P.,Rao, S.S.,Thulasi-Varma, C.V.,Reddy, A.E.,Chung, S.H.,Kim, H.J. Elsevier Sequoia 2016 Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry Vol.773 No.-

<P>The deposition techniques of quantum dots (QDs) have great influence on the photovoltaic performances of quantum dot sensitised solar cells (QDSSCs). In this study, we report CdS/CdSe sensitised TiO2 solar cells focussing on the influence of two commonly used in situ QD deposition techniques (SILAR: successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction and CBD: chemical bath deposition). In addition to this, the QDSSC performance is enhanced due to better light harvesting capability of PbS quantum dots and makes large accumulation of photo-injected electrons in the conduction band of TiO2. When compared to power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 4.58% was obtained for PbS/CBD-CdS/CBD-CdSe cells when compared to PbS/SILAR-CdS/SILAR-CdSe. With chemical bath deposition, we achieved high surface coverage of QDs, which contributes to the increase in photocurrent,open circuit voltage and fill factor. Impedance spectroscopy revealed that the PbS/CBD-CdS/CBD-CdSe reduces recombination and increases charge collection efficiency and a long electron lifetime was achieved. To associate the assembling of QDs with the performance of QDSSCs a methodical characterization of morphology, optical and electro-chemical properties and its stability has been studied. We achieved PbS seeded CBD highlighting its robust consequences for the performance of QDSSCs. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

Electrical and mechanical properties of diluted magnetic semiconductor Zn_1-xMn_xS nanocrystalline films

Sreekantha Reddy, D.,Kang, B.,Yu, S.C.,Dwarakanadha Reddy, Y.,Sharma, S.K.,Gunasekhar, K.R.,Rao, K.N.,Sreedhara Reddy, P. Elsevier 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.2

Nanostructured Zn<SUB>1-x</SUB>Mn<SUB>x</SUB>S films (0=<x=<0.25) were deposited on glass substrates by simple resistive thermal evaporation technique. All the films were deposited at 300K in a vacuum of 2x10<SUP>-6</SUP>m bar. All the films temperature dependence of resistivity revealed semiconducting behaviour of the samples. Hot probe test revealed that all the samples exhibited n-type conductivity. The nanohardness of the films ranges from 4.7 to 9.9GPa, Young's modulus value ranging 69.7-94.2GPa.

Switching Invariant Neighborhood Signed Graphs

R. Rangarajan,M. S. Subramanya,P. S. K. Reddy 장전수학회 2011 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.14 No.2

A signed graph (marked graph) is an ordered pair S = (G, ) (S = (G, μ)),where G = (V,E) is a graph called the underlying graph of S and [수식] is a function. The neighborhood graph of a graph G = (V,E), denoted by N(G),is a graph on the same vertex set V , where two vertices in N(G) are adjacent if, and only if, they have a common neighbor. Analogously, one can define the neighborhood signed graph N(S) of a signed graph [수식] as a signed graph,[수식] where N(G) is the underlying graph of N(S), and for any edge e = uv in N(S),[수식] where for any v 2 V , μ(v) =Y u)μ(v), where for any v 2 V , μ(v) = u2N(v) (uv). In this paper, we characterize signed graphs S for which S N(S), Sc N(S) and N(S) J(S), where J(S) and Sc denotes jump signed graph and complement of signed graph of S respectively.

Dual Responsive Pectin Hydrogels and Their Silver Nanocomposites: Swelling Studies, Controlled Drug Delivery and Antimicrobial Applications

Reddy, P. Rama Subba,Eswaramma, S.,Krishna Rao, K.S.V.,Lee, Yong Ill Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.8

Novel dual responsive pectin hydrogels composed from poly(acrylamidoglycolic acid-co-vinylcaprolactam)/Pectin (PAV-PC) and also PAV-PC hydrogels are used as templates for the production of silver nanoparticles. 5-Fluorouracil is an anticancer drug and has been loaded in situ into PAV-PC hydrogels. Structure and morphology characterization of PAV-PC hydrogels were investigated by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermo gravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction studies, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed a molecular level dispersion of the drug in PAV-PC hydrogels. In vitro release of 5-fluorouracil from the PAV-PC hydrogels has been carried out in GIT fluids as well as in various temperatures. 5-Fluorouracil released from PAV-PC hydrogels was 50% at pH 1.2, and 85% at pH 7.4 within 24 h. The release profile was characterized with PAV-PC hydrogels and initial burst effect was significantly reduced in two buffer media (1.2 and 7.4), followed by a continuous and controlled release phase, the drug release mechanism from polymer was due to Fickian diffusion. In situ fabrication of silver nanoparticles inside the hydrogel network via the reduction of sodium borohydrate by PAV-PC chains led to hydrogel nanocomposites. The diameter of the nanocomposites was about 50-100 nm, suitable for uptake within the gastrointestinal tract due to their nanosize range and mucoadhesive properties. These nanocomposite PAV-PC hydrogels showed strong antimicrobial activity towards Bacillus subtilis (G+ve) and Escherichia coli (G-ve).

NOTE ON DIFFERENT KINDS OF SCHUR CONVEXITIES OF HEINZ TYPE MEAN

K. Sridevi,K. M. Nagaraja,P. S. K. Reddy 장전수학회 2020 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.23 No.4

The Schur convexity of functions relating to special means is a very significant research subject and has attracted the interest of many mathematicians. In this note, a new family of one parameterized Heinz type mean is introduced and we discuss the different kinds of Schur convexity and concavity of Heinz type mean.

Note on neighborhood signed graphs and jump signed graphs

P. S. K. Reddy,U. K. Misra,P. S. Hemavathi 장전수학회 2014 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.24 No.2

In this note, we characterize the graphs for which: N(T) ~= L2(T) and N(T) ~= L(T), where N(T), L2(T) and J(T) are neighborhood graph, 2nd iterated line graph and jump graph of a graph T=(V,E) respectively. In view of these characterizations, analogously we obtained the corresponding switching equivalence characterization. Also, we remarked the possible solutions for N(sigma) ~= J(sigma), where N(sigma) and J(sigma) are neighborhood signed graph and jump signed graph of a signed graph sigma=(Y.σ) respectively.

α-centroidal mean and its dual

K. M. Nagaraja,P. S. K. Reddy 장전수학회 2012 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.15 No.2

n this paper, the -centroidal mean and its dual form in 2 variables are defined. Also, we obtained some interesting results related to monotonicities.