自律学習を促す自己評価と探究学習による振り返り ― 一斉教授型の中級日本語会話授業での実践 ―

長島倫子 ( Nagashima¸ Noriko ) 한국일어교육학회 2021 일본어교육연구 Vol.- No.56

本稿は、大学の中級日本語会話の授業において、一斉授業後に行う自己評価の有用性を高め、学習者をより効果的に自律学習に導くことを目的とした取り組みの実践報告である。一斉授業の後に自己評価を行った後、更にその自己評価の結果が活用できるよう学習者が主導して行う探究学習を連係した。学習者が探究学習で選定したテーマを分析した結果、学習者は自己評価の結果や自身の興味·関心をもとに文法、表現、語彙、文化など様々なテーマを選定して探究学習に取り組んでいた。何人かの学習者は授業で学んだことを自分の経験や将来に結びつけてテーマを選定しており、身につけた知識を実際に活用してその有用性を認識したり、自分の生き方について考えたりするところまで学習を発展させていた。また、学期末アンケートの回答を分析した結果、学習者全員が自己評価と探究学習による振り返りを 「とても役に立った」と評価していた。探究学習が自己評価後の行動を起こすための足場かけとして有効に機能し、学習者が学習の幅を広げたり知識を明確化するという自身の成長を実感できる具体的な結果を得られたことが、この結果につながったと考えられる。更に、探究学習の導入により、学習者が一斉授業と自己評価により真剣に臨むようになる傾向があることも明らかになった。これらの結果から、自己評価によって学習者に自身の学習過程を内省させるだけでなく、その結果をもとに学習者が主体的に弱点を補完したり知的好奇心を満たしたりするための行動を起こすきっかけを教師が作ることが、学習者に振り返りの有用性を実感させ、自律学習を促すことにつながると言えるだろう This paper is a practical report of efforts to enhance the usefulness of self-assessment that is conducted after classroom lessons and lead learners to autonomous learning in the intermediate Japanese conversation class at the university. In this practice, learners did self-assessment first and then they carried out inquiry-based learning so that they could use the results of self-assessment more effectively. Learners could choose various research subjects such as grammar, expressions, vocabulary, cultures, etc. based on the results of self-assessment and their own interests when they engaged in inquiry-based learning. Some learners could choose their research subjects by linking what they learned in class to their own experiences and future career plan; that is to say, they realized the usefulness of the knowledge they acquired in class and thought about their own way of life through inquiry-based learning. Furthermore, in the questionnaire survey, all the learners evaluated the reflection through self-assessment and inquiry-based learning as “very useful”. The main reason for this was that learners could get concrete results that allowed them to realize their own growth by expanding the scope of their learning and clarifying their knowledge. It means that inquiry-based learning effectively functioned as a stepping stone for taking action after self-assessment. It was also shown that the introduction of inquiry-based learning has led learners to take more seriously both classroom lessons and self-assessment. To lead learners to autonomous learning, teachers should devise triggers for learners to take the initiative to supplement their weaknesses and satisfy their intellectual curiosity in addition to encouraging learners to reflect on their own learning process by self-assessment.

Matcha, a Powdered Green Tea, Ameliorates the Progression of Renal and Hepatic Damage in Type 2 Diabetic OLETF Rats

Noriko Yamabe,Ki Sung Kang,Jong Moon Hur,Takako Yokozawa 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.4

Matcha, a powdered green tea produced by grinding with a stone mill, has been popularly used in the traditional tea ceremony and foods in Japan. Matcha is well known to be richer in some nutritional elements and epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate than other green teas. In our previous study, epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate exhibited protective effects against renal damage in a rat model of diabetic nephropathy. In the present study, we investigated the preventive effects of Matcha (50, 100, or 200mg/kg/day) on the progression of hepatic and renal damage in type 2 diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. OLETF rats were orally administered Matcha for 16 weeks, and we assessed biochemical parameters in the serum, liver, and kidney and expression levels of major products of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), N-(carboxylmethyl)lysine (CML) and N-(carboxylethyl)lysine (CEL), receptor for AGE (RAGE), and sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs)-1 and -2. Serum total protein levels were significantly increased by Matcha administration, whereas the serum albumin and glycosylated protein levels as well as the renal glucose and triglyceride levels were only slightly or not at all affected. However, Matcha treatment significantly lowered the glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels in the serum and liver, renal AGE levels, and the serum thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances levels. In addition, Matcha supplementation resulted in decreases in the renal CML, CEL, and RAGE expressions as well as an increase in hepatic SREBP-2 expression, but not that of SREBP-1. These results suggest that Matcha protects against hepatic and renal damage through the suppression of renal AGE accumulation, by decreases in hepatic glucose, triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels, and by its antioxidant activities.

Fission track age mapping reveals age resetting along the valley in Kii Peninsula , Southwest Japan

Noriko,Hasebe,Hiroaki,Watanabe 한국지형학회 1999 한국지형학회지 Vol.6 No.2

Potential Antitumor Activity of a Low-Molecular-Weight Protein Fraction from Grifola frondosa Through Enhancement of Cytokine Production

Noriko Kodama,Shigeto Mizuno,Hiroaki Nanba,Naoaki Saito 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.1

Edible mushrooms contain an abundance of immune-enhancing nutrients. Some of these compounds, referred to as biological response modifiers (BRMs), have been used in biological therapies for cancer treatment. We obtained a low-molecular-weight protein fraction (MLP-Fraction) from the fruiting body of the maitake mushroom Grifola frondosa by multiple sequential steps, including ethanol precipitation, DEAE-exchange chromatography, and gel filtration. The effect of the MLP-Fraction on the immune system was determined using normal mice. This resulted in a simultaneous increase in splenocyte proliferation and production of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1α, tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-10, IL-12, and interferon (IFN)-γ. The expression levels of IFN-γ and IL-12 in antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and the activation of natural killer (NK) cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells were observed. These results suggest a mechanism in which NK cells are activated through cytokines produced by APCs. We also confirmed the possibility that the MLP-Fraction acts as a BRM using colon-26 carcinoma-bearing mice. This fraction enhanced the production of IL-12 and IFN-γ by splenocytes in tumor-bearing mice and clearly showed an inhibitory effect on tumor cell growth.

Jewish Diaspora

Noriko Sato(사토 노리코) 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2007 전남대학교 세계한상문화연구단 국제학술회의 Vol.2007 No.11

Chemical and Free Radical-scavenging Activity Changes of Ginsenoside Re by Maillard Reaction and Its Possible Use as a Renoprotective Agent

Noriko Yamabe,Kyung Il Song,Woojung Lee,Im-Ho Han,Ji Hwan Lee,Jungyeob Ham,Su-Nam Kim,Jeong Hill Park,Ki Sung Kang 고려인삼학회 2012 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.36 No.3

Reactive oxygen species play critical role in kidney damage. Free radical-scavenging activities of Panax ginseng are know to be increased by heat-processing. The structural change of ginsenoside and the generation of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are closely related to the increased free radical-scavenging activities. In the present study, we have demonstrated the Maillard reaction model experiment using ginsenoside Re and glycine mixture to identify the renoprotective effect of MRPs from ginseng or ginsenosides. Ginsenoside Re was transformed into less-polar ginsenosides, namely Rg2, Rg6 and F4 by heat-processing. The free radical-scavenging activity of ginsenoside Re-glycine mixture was increased in temperature-dependant manner by heatprocessing, The improved free radical-scavenging activity by heat-processing was mediated by the generation of antioxidant MRPs which led to the protection of LLC-PK1 renal epithelial cells from oxidative stress. Although the free radical scavenging activities of less-polor ginsenosides were weak, they could protect LLC-PK1 cells from oxidative stress. Therefore, MRPs and less-polar ginsenosides contributed to the combined renoprotective effects against oxidative renal damage.

The Chemical and 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhydrazyl Radical Scavenging Activity Changes of Ginsenosides Rb1 and Rg1 by Maillard Reaction

Noriko Yamabe,Jin Gyun Lee,Yong Jae Lee,Chan Hum Park,Hyun Young Kim,Jeong Hill Park,Takako Yokozawa,Ki Sung Kang 고려인삼학회 2011 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.35 No.1

The chemical and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity changes of ginsenoside Rb₁-glycine and ginsenoside Rg₁ -glycine mixtures by Maillard reaction were investigated to identify the role of Maillard reaction in the increased antioxidant activity of ginseng by heat-processing. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of Rg₁-glycine mixture was more strongly increased by heat-processing than that of Rb₁-glycine mixture. From the analyses of ginsenosides, Rb₁ was gradually changed into 20(S)-Rg₃, 20(R)-Rg₃, Rk₁ and Rg? by heat-processing. Rg₁ was gradually changed into 20(S)- Rh₁, 20(R)-Rh₁, Rk₃ and Rh₄ by heat-processing. However, the generation of these less-polar ginsenosides was not related to the increased DPPH radical scavenging activity of Rb₁-glycine and Rg₁-glycine mixtures because their DPPH radical scavenging activities were already signifi cantly increased when dried at 50℃, which temperature induce no structural changes of ginsenosides. In the comparison of browning compound levels of Rg₁-glycine and Rb1-glycine mixtures, the extents of Maillard reaction were positively correlated with their increased free radical scavenging activities. Based on the chemical and DPPH radical scavenging activity changes of Rg₁-glycine and Rb₁-glycine mixtures by heat-processing, we clearly identifi ed that the increased free radical scavenging activity of ginsenoside is mediated by the Maillard reaction between sugar moiety of ginsenoside and amino acid.

The Effects of a Triggering Instruction on Communication Strategy Transference

Noriko Aotani,Shin’ya Takahashi 범태평양 응용언어학회 2022 범태평양응용언어학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Research on communication strategies (CSs) has been drawing much attention in the area of psycholinguistics and applied linguistics. This study examined if triggering instruction can accelerate the cognitive aspects of CSs transference from L1 to L2. In the first part of the experiment, all participants, twenty-one Japanese university students, looked at pictures and were asked to say anything that came to their mind in English. In the second part, half of them (an experimental group) were instructed to begin the task by saying likes and dislikes of the picture. The other half (a control group) did not receive such an instruction. Participants also answered a questionnaire asking about self-evaluation of the task performance in order to examine their affective and cognitive state. Their utterances were classified as either objective descriptions of what was shown in the picture or subjective expressions of what they imagined or felt. The results of the experimental group clearly demonstrated the effect of instructional intervention; subjective expression increased and objective description decreased, and also their anxiety decreased from the first part of the experiment to the second. These findings suggest that more attention should be paid to the cognitive aspects of CSs such as change of viewpoint from objective to subjective, which we may call ‘self-expression switching,’ and its transference from L1.

Teaching Community Design Education in University and Society

Noriko DENO 서울대학교 환경대학원 2020 環境論叢 Vol.66 No.-

Japan is experiencing declining and ageing population issues more dramatically than any other countries. As a result, local communities are facing a number of problems including limited support for the elderly, a shortage of farmers, fisherman and forestry workers and many empty shops, to name but a few. The need for Community designers in societies is becoming increasingly apparent right across Japan, but particularly in the Tohoku area where the tsunami hit in 2011. Studio-L is a leading group of Community designers who were appointed in 2014 to open the Department of Community Design at Tohoku University of Art and Design. Through objective experiences of creating and nurturing the first Community Design department in Japan, this study attempts to share how studio-L. might best develop a curriculum to suit the ever-changing needs of today’s society. The first-ever department of Community design in Japan started in April 2014 at the Tohoku University of Art and Design in Yamagata. It was 3 years after the Tohoku Earthquake and Tsunami hit this region. This study shares how studio L. developed the curriculum, through building relationships with local communities and how their educational projects affect the Community in order to solve their issues.

Case Reports : Morphea on the Breast after a Needle Biopsy

( Noriko Arase ),( Ken Igawa ),( Satoko Senda ),( Mika Terao ),( Hiroyuki Murota ),( Ichiro Katayama ) 대한피부과학회 2011 Annals of Dermatology Vol.23 No.3s

Localized scleroderma (morphea) usually develops spontaneously, but the precise mechanisms underlying disease development are obscure. However, a significant number of cases suggest that morphea is induced by external stimuli. Herein, we report a case of morphea that developed after a needle biopsy. (Ann Dermatol 23(S3) S408~S410, 2011)