Protective potential of Coriandrum sativum seed extract on E. coli induced peritonitis and bacteraemia in mice

Neha Jain,Jaya Dwivedi,Veena S. Kasture,Swapnil Sharma 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2017 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.17 No.4

Peritonitis is an inflammatory condition of peritoneal cavity. Escherichia coli is one of the causative microorganism reported to be involved in the several etiologies associated with peritoneal infection. Many antimicrobial agents are available; however, increased incidence of microbial resistance is an important concern for medical practitioner. Medicinal plants were used since ancient time for treatment of many infectious diseases, but still the potential of these plant resources is not well explored. Present study was designed to investigate protective potential of Coriandrum sativum seed extract on E. coli induced peritonitis and bacteraemia, when used alone or in combination with Levofloxacin. Different extracts were prepared by successive solvent extraction utilizing solvents of variable polarity viz. petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, chloroform and methanol (70%). These extracts were assessed for antimicrobial potential utilizing in-vitro well diffusion assay and MIC determination with E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus. Being most potent among other extracts in in-vitro assays, methanolic extract was tested in an invivo model of E. coli induced peritonitis with immune-compromised mice at the dose of 400 mg/kg/day alone and in combination with Levofloxacin (20 mg/kg). Methanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum seeds exhibited potent protective potential against E. coli induced peritonitis and bacteraemia.

A Proposed Approach for Biomedical Image Denoising Using PCA_NLM

Mohit Bansal,Munesh Devi,Neha Jain,Chinu Kukreja 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Bio-Science and Bio-Techn Vol.6 No.6

The main problem faced during biomedical image diagnosis is the noise introduced due to the consequence of the coherent nature of the image. The noise interfered may be Gaussian noise, speckle noise or Poisson noise, during transmission. The capturing devices itself has a salt & pepper noise. These noises corrupt the image and often lead to incorrect diagnosis. These noises make it more difficult for the observer to discriminate fine detail of the images in diagnostic examinations. Thus, denoising these noises from a noisy image has become the most important step in medical image processing. In spite of the sophistication of the recently proposed methods, most algorithms have not yet attained a desirable level of applicability. Denoising techniques are aimed at removing noise or distortion from images while retaining the original quality of the image. In this work, we propose PCA_NLM approach which computes neighborhood similarities after PCA projection. Our algorithm is based on the assumption that image contains an extensive amount of self-similarity. The accuracy and computational cost of the PCA algorithm is improved by computing neighborhood similarities, i.e., averaging weights, after a PCA projection to a lower dimensional subspace. We evaluate and compare the performance of proposed technique with different existing methods by using six quality measures PSNR, SNR, MSE, NAE, Correlation Coefficient and SSIM. Comparative analysis shows our approach give the best performance results in terms of improved quality measures as well as visual interpretation.

Ultra deformable vesicles for boosting transdermal delivery of 2-arylpropionic acid class drug for management of musculoskeletal pain

Kaul Shreya,Jain Neha,Nagaich Upendra 한국약제학회 2022 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.52 No.2

Purpose The aim of this investigation was to formulate and evaluate naproxen transethosomal gel for sustained transdermal delivery for the management of musculoskeletal pain. Methods In this examination naproxen sodium-loaded transethosomes were developed by ethanol injection method. A 9 run, 2-factor, 3-level factorial design was used to optimize naproxen-transethosomes. Transethosomal formulations were then incorporated into hydrogel made of gelling agent carbopol 940. The formulated transethosomes were characterized for particle size, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, in-vitro release, ex-vivo drug permeation study, drug deposition study, and in-vivo anti-inflammatory study. Results The results exhibited that the particle size were in the range of 56.94 ± 0.12 nm to 291.7 ± 0.09 nm. The transethosomes had higher entrapment efficiency in between 66.23 ± 1.52 and 93.11 ± 0.96% and exhibited a spherical morphology when examined by TEM analysis. The in-vitro skin permeation study carried out on rat skin exhibited enhanced skin deposition with lesser systemic absorption. The in-vivo studies carried out on rats showed the superiority of naproxen transethosomal gel in reducing the edema rate. Conclusion The results obtained all together demonstrated that the formulated transethosomal gel possessed a smaller particle size, high entrapment efficiency along higher skin deposition rate which is required in getting relief from musculoskeletal pain. The developed formulation could be regarded as an ideal substitute for the conventional gel for the management of musculoskeletal pain.

Molecular Characterization Reveals Involvement of Altered El Tor Biotype Vibrio cholerae O1 Strains in Cholera Outbreak at Hyderabad, India

Ajay Kumar Goel,Meenu Jain,Pramod Kumar,Pennagaram Sarguna,Meera Bai,Neha Ghosh,Natrajan Gopalan 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.2

Thirty-four Vibrio cholerae isolates collected from a cholera outbreak in Hyderabad, South India were found to belong to serogroup O1 biotype El Tor serotype Ogawa. The genotype of all the isolates was confirmed by PCR assays. All the isolates were found PCR positive for ctxAB, ompW, rfbO1, rtxC, and tcpA genes. All the isolates but one harboured rstR^(El Tor) allele. However, one isolate carried both rstR^(El Tor) as well as rstR^(Classical) alleles. Cholera toxin (ctxB) genotyping of the isolates confirmed the presence of altered cholera toxin B of classical biotype in all the isolates. All the isolates except VCH35 harboured an RS1-CTX prophage array on the large chromosome. The isolate VCH35 contained a tandem repeat of classical CTX prophage on the small chromosome. The clonal relationship among the V. cholerae isolates as carried out by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequences PCR, BOX PCR and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA, uniformly showed a genetic relationship among the outbreak isolates. The results of this study suggest that altered El Tor biotype V. cholerae with the classical cholera toxin gene are involved in cholera outbreaks in India.

Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Random Omental Fine Needle Aspiration: A Novel Technique for the Diagnosis of Peritoneal Carcinomatosis

Pradeep Kumar Siddappa,Neha Jain,Naveen K. Agarwal,Monika Jain,Gurwant Singh Lamba 대한소화기내시경학회 2020 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.53 No.5

Background/Aims: Diagnostic abdominal paracentesis has been described in literature to have variable sensitivity of 50%–75% forthe detection of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). We believe that random needle aspirates from the omentum, even in the absence ofobvious deposits by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), could prove malignancy in patients with PC. Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent EUS for diagnosis and staging of cancer and found to have ascites were includedafter obtaining informed consent. EUS-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) from random sites in the omentum was performedthrough the transgastric route using a linear echoendoscope. Results: Fifty-four patients underwent EUS during October 2015 to April 2017 for detection, staging, or FNA of a suspectedmalignant lesion. Ascites was seen in 17 patients and 15 patients who fulfilled the criteria were included. The procedure wassuccessful in all patients. Cytology was suggestive of malignancy in 12 (80%) but not suggestive of malignancy in 3 (20%) patients. Three patients who tested negative had hyperbilirubinemia with biliary obstruction. Their ascitic fluid analysis result was alsonegative. Conclusions: Random FNA of the omentum in patients with malignancy-related ascites is highly effective in the diagnosis of PC andcould be employed during EUS evaluation of malignancies.

Kriging Analysis for Spatio-temporal Variations of Ground Level Ozone Concentration

Amit Kumar Gorai,Kumar Gourav Jain,Neha Shaw,Francis Tuluri,Paul B. Tchounwou 한국대기환경학회 2015 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.9 No.4

Exposure of high concentration of ground-level ozone (GLO) can trigger a variety of health problems including chest pain, coughing, throat irritation, asthma, bronchitis and congestion. There are substantial human and animal toxicological data that support health effects associated with exposure to ozone and associations have been observed with a wide range of outcomes in epidemiological studies. The aim of the present study is to estimate the spatial distributions of GLO using geostatistical method (ordinary kriging) for assessing the exposure level of ozone in the eastern part of Texas, U.S.A. GLO data were obtained from 63 U.S. EPA’s monitoring stations distributed in the region of study during the period January, 2012 to December, 2012. The descriptive statistics indicate that the spatial monthly mean of daily maximum 8 hour ozone concentrations ranged from 30.33 ppb (in January) to 48.05 (in June). The monthly mean of daily maximum 8 hour ozone concentrations was relatively low during the winter months (December, January, and February) and the higher values observed during the summer months (April, May, and June). The higher level of spatial variations observed in the months of July (Standard Deviation: 10.33) and August (Standard Deviation: 10.02). This indicates the existence of regional variations in climatic conditions in the study area. The range of the semivariogram models varied from 0.372 (in November) to 15.59 (in April). The value of the range represents the spatial patterns of ozone concentrations. Kriging maps revealed that the spatial patterns of ozone concentration were not uniform in each month. This may be due to uneven fluctuation in the local climatic conditions from one region to another. Thus, the formation and dispersion processes of ozone also change unevenly from one region to another. The ozone maps clearly indicate that the concentration values found maximum in the north-east region of the study area in most of the months. Part of the coastal area also showed maximum concentrations during the months of October, November, December, and January.