Characterization of nanoprecipitates formed from the forced hydrolysis of bioleach liquors under different pH conditions

Sehliselo Ndlovu,Geoffrey S. Simate,Kudzai A. Mchibwa,Alejandra Giaveno 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.5

In this study, Acidianus spp., a thermophilic archae which can oxidize sulphide minerals was used to produce ferric sulphate solutions from pyrite. The ferric sulphate solutions were aged through a forced hydrolysis process at different pH conditions to yield a variety of iron oxide and basic sulphate precipitates which were subsequently characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Branauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. The results showed that potassium jarosite was formed as the main phase when ageing was done under acidic conditions. Various other iron oxides and oxyhydroxides were precipitated when ageing was done under neutral to basic pH conditions. For example, maghemite was precipitated as the main phase at a pH of 6–7, and magnetite was the main phase from a pH of 7–9. The spherical globular aggregates of magnetite nanoparticles formed were of high purity and had a surface area of 20.77 m2/g. Hematite nanoparticles were then produced via an oxidative transformation of the precursor magnetite nanoparticles at 600 ℃. Since various precipitates were formed under different pH conditions, this knowledge can be used to control the solubility of the ferric ion in bioleaching and other industrial systems where iron removal is problematic.

FIFA and the South Africa question: The 1976/1977 football unity talks and their impact on the development of professional football in South Africa

Sifiso Mxolisi Ndlovu 한국외국어대학교 국제지역연구센터 2013 International Area Studies Review Vol.16 No.3

The football unity talks which formally began in October 1976 were important because sport was integral to the debate about the national question in South Africa. At the time, football as a sport code was designated in negative and racist undertones as a ‘sport for blacks’ and rugby,golf, athletics, hockey, cricket and swimming were regarded as sporting codes reserved for white South Africans. These sports benefited immensely in terms of generous funding, infrastructure and facilities provided by the apartheid regime. This paper will be based on the following themes. First, it will focus on the broad legislative measures which reinforced separate development and racism in South Africa and how these laws impacted on the development of sport. Second,it will scrutinize the role of the multilateral, worldwide antiapartheid movement and boycott movement, Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) and the Confederation of African Football (CAF) in using football sanctions as a tool to fight apartheid and racism in sport. Third, the football unity talks of 1976 will be analysed. This discussion will focus on issues inside the boardroom, the football field and what took place outside the boardroom and off the football field. Lastly, the impact of the unity on the players and the public at large-including the development of professional football since 1976 will be reviewed. A major theme which runs through the different sections is defined by the use and abuse of football as a tool for public and sport diplomacy. This was because the football unity talks in South Africa were as a result of what was taking place in the world of international, continental, national and local politics.

The removal of heavy metals in a packed bed column using immobilized cassava peel waste biomass

Geoffrey S. Simate,Sehliselo Ndlovu 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1

Several studies on the removal of heavy metals in batch systems using cassava waste biomass have beenreported in literature. However, for practical and large scale operations, packed bed columns arepreferred. This study investigated the biosorption of heavy metals (Cr3+, Co2+ and V3+) onto immobilizedcassava peel waste in a packed bed column. Experiments were conducted with 100 mg/L of combinedmetal ion solutions under different flow rates (0.83–1.61 mL/s) and bed depths (5–15 cm). The dynamicbehaviour of the process was described in terms of the breakthrough curves. The results showed that theremoval efficiency was favoured by low flow rate and high bed depth. Biosorption efficiency was foundto increase in the order V3+ > Cr3+ > Co2+ for all conditions tested. Amongst the two well-establishedcolumn models tested, the bed depth service time (BDST) model with biosorption capacities of 99.6,116.2 and 132.8 mg/L for Co2+, Cr3+ and V3+, respectively, fitted experimental data very well. The columnwas regenerated and reused six times consecutively without significant loss in biosorbent capacitysignifying its appropriateness for commercial application.

The Copper, Cobalt, Iron, Selenium and Zinc Status of Cattle in the Sanyati and Chinamhora Smallholder Grazing Areas of Zimbabwe

Mpofu, I.D.T.,Ndlovu, L.R.,Casey, N.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 1999 Animal Bioscience Vol.12 No.4

The trace mineral status of cattle in the smallholder grazing areas of Sanyati and Chinamhora in Zimbabwe was evaluated during the rainy and dry seasons of 1994 and 1995. The evaluation was done in terms of mineral concentration in blood plasma. Plasma copper in calves, steers and cows in the dry season was; Sanyati: 0.55, 0.59, and 0.61; Chinamhora: 0.59, 0.58, and $0.60{\mu}g/ml$, respectively versus a normal of $0.65{\mu}g/ml$. In the rainy season, copper was deficient at both sites (averaging $0.56{\mu}g/ml$ and $0.59{\mu}g/ml$ at Sanyati and Chinamhora, respectively). Plasma selenium in the dry season was 0.017, 0.025, and $0.017{\mu}g/ml$ for calves, steers and cows, respectively at Sanyati versus a normal of $0.03{\mu}g/ml$ and therefore considered to be deficient. Iron, zinc and cobalt were found to be generally high and therefore unlikely to be deficient. Copper and selenium are recommended in salt licks in these environments.

A Case Study of the Effects of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder on Operational Fire Service Personnel Within the Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service

Khan, Khalid,Charters, Jonathan,Graham, Tony L.,Nasriani, Hamid R.,Ndlovu, Shephard,Mai, Jianqiang Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2018 Safety and health at work Vol.9 No.3

Background: Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service (LFRS), the subject of this evaluative research document employs 1400 people. 80% of employees are operational firefighters and officers whom operate across a range of duty systems and support functions, providing prevention, protection and emergency response to the communities of Lancashire. Methods: The overarching purpose of this epidemiological study is to assess the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) amongst operational LFRS personnel and to analyse the effects upon those who may be suffering from it, whether brought about by a single traumatic event or by repeated exposure to traumatic occurrences over a period of time. A combination of primary and secondary research was carried out. Primary data was collated using two recognised clinical questionnaires and statistical analysis was conducted with the aid of the software package SPSS. Results: The findings and statistical analysis showed that out of the 100 people surveyed, 30% of respondents had signs of probable distress. Of this quota, 4% showed symptoms of PTSD. The study considers how an organisation can recognise and manage PTSD and provides recommendations to assist in better recognising and managing the associated risks. Conclusion: Based upon the findings, the authors conclude that the level of PTSD within LFRS is slightly lower than those found in other studies undertaken within the Fire and Rescue Service sector. The paper provides recommendations for future studies and a series of actions for consideration by LFRS senior management to improve PTSD support services for employees.

A Case Study of the Effects of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder on Operational Fire Service Personnel Within the Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service

Khalid Khan,Jonathan Charters,Tony L. Graham,Hamid R. Nasriani,Shephard Ndlovu,Jianqiang Mai 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2018 Safety and health at work Vol.9 No.3

Background: Lancashire Fire and Rescue Service (LFRS), the subject of this evaluative research document employs 1400 people. 80% of employees are operational firefighters and officers whom operate across a range of duty systems and support functions, providing prevention, protection and emergency response to the communities of Lancashire. Methods: The overarching purpose of this epidemiological study is to assess the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) amongst operational LFRS personnel and to analyse the effects upon those who may be suffering from it, whether brought about by a single traumatic event or by repeated exposure to traumatic occurrences over a period of time. A combination of primary and secondary research was carried out. Primary data was collated using two recognised clinical questionnaires and statistical analysis was conducted with the aid of the software package SPSS. Results: The findings and statistical analysis showed that out of the 100 people surveyed, 30% of respondents had signs of probable distress. Of this quota, 4% showed symptoms of PTSD. The study considers how an organisation can recognise and manage PTSD and provides recommendations to assist in better recognising and managing the associated risks. Conclusion: Based upon the findings, the authors conclude that the level of PTSD within LFRS is slightly lower than those found in other studies undertaken within the Fire and Rescue Service sector. The paper provides recommendations for future studies and a series of actions for consideration by LFRS senior management to improve PTSD support services for employees.