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      • KCI등재

        Synthesis of Novel Quinoxalinone Derivatives by Conventional and Microwave Methods and Assessing their Biological Activity

        Waqar Nasir,Munawar Ali Munawar,Ejaz Ahmed,Ahsan Sharif,Saeed Ahmed,Amjad Ayub,Misbahul Ain Khan,Faizul Hassan Nasim 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.10

        In this study, twenty-one arylaminoquinoxalinone derivatives were synthesized and their antibacterial activities against Staphylococci aureus, Pseudomonas aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella typhi, and Shigella pneumoniae were evaluated relative to known antibiotics; augmentin, ampicillin, and chloramphenicol. The insecticidal activities of the prepared compounds were also investigated against Tribolium castaneum using permethrin as a standard insecticide. The derivatives were synthesized using both conventional and microwave techniques. Their structures were confirmed using spectral techniques and elemental analysis.

      • KCI등재

        Entropy generation in hydrodynamic slip flow over a vertical plate with convective boundary

        Adnan Saeed Butt,Sufian Munawar,Asif Ali,Ahmer Mehmood 대한기계학회 2012 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.26 No.9

        The present article aims to report the effects of hydrodynamic slip on entropy generation in the boundary layer flow over a vertical surface with convective boundary condition. Suitable similarity transformations are used to transform the fundamental equations of hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer flow into ordinary differential equations. The governing equations are then solved numerically using the shooting method and the velocity and the temperature profiles are obtained for various values of parameters involved in the governing equations. The expressions for the entropy generation number and the Bejan number are presented and the results are discussed graphically and quantitatively for the slip parameter, the local Grashof number, the Prandtl number, the local convective heat transfer parameter, the group parameter and the local Reynolds number. It is observed that due to the presence of slip, entropy production in a thermal system can be controlled and reduced.

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재

        Aesculus indica‑derived heteroatom‑doped carbon as an electrode material for super‑capacitor

        Fakhar Zaman,Muhammad Waqas Ishaq,Aisha Munawar,Umer Younas,Zahid Ali 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.7

        Energy storage for sustainable development and progress of power production industries is vitally important. The energy storage devices are under extensive research from last three decades to ensure the hand-on-hand coordination with power supply phenomenon and to reduce the energy loses in lines. The cost-effective materials are still highly demanding as an electrode material for energy storage devices. Biomass-derived carbon materials are best candidates due to their low cost, relatively high abundance, pollution-free nature. Here, we are reporting a facile two-step green approach to convert Himalayan horse chestnuts (HHCNs) into activated carbon materials. In first step, grinding and pyrolysis of the HHCNs were carried out, and then activation was performed using KOH to enhance the pore density and surface area. HHCNs-derived carbon was utilized as an electrode in electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) with 1 M H2SO4 as an electrolyte. The macroporous structure along with hierarchical porous network acts as an efficient source of transportation of charges across the electrode and separator. Cyclic voltammetry test was taken from 10 to 100 mV/s current and within a range of 0–1 V applied potential; approximately rectangular CV shown mirror response towards current and shown typical EDLCs properties. The proximate analysis confirms the presence of heteroatoms like sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen which act as carbon dopants. The wettability of HHCNs-derived carbon enhanced due to the various types of oxygen functionalities inherited from the lignin skeletal part. The nitrogen content is primarily responsible for the pseudo-capacitive behavior of HHCNs-codoped carbon. HHCNs-derived activated carbon materials has emerged as a promising electrode material for energy storage applications.

      • SCOPUS

        The Impact of Social Capital on Consumer Attitudinal Evaluations: An Empirical Study in Pakistan

        Zhengmeng CHAI,Muhammad MALIK,Salamat HUSSAIN,Sher ABBAS,Najabat ALI,Zaheer ABBAS,Nousheen MUNAWAR 한국유통과학회 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.3

        The primary goal of this study is to investigate the impact of social capital on consumer attitudinal evaluations. We propose a hypothetical receptacle, thereby applying a mediation framework because of social capital. We expect that increasing social capital would improve brand image and consumer-company (C-C) identification, resulting in positive in-role and extra-role customer behavior toward the brand. Data was collected from 425 respondents primarily from Karachi’s five zones (East, West, North, South, and Central) and analyzed using confirmatory component analysis and structural equation design. The findings showed that social capital had a positive and significant relationship with customer extra-role behavior, as well as two mediators, brand image and consumer business identity. Furthermore, both mediators have a significant impact on both in-role and extra-role behavior. However, there is no evidence that social capital has a direct impact on in-role behavior. This study will help businesses in gaining a competitive advantage by concentrating on social capital to improve their brand image and customer relationship.

      • KCI등재

        Larvicidal activity of acetone extract and green synthesized silver nanoparticles from Allium sativum L. (Amaryllidaceae) against the dengue vector Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae)

        Nasir Shabab,Walters Keith F.A.,Pereira Roberto M.,Waris Muhammad,Ali Chatha Awais,Hayat Munawar,Batool Marriam 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.3

        Mosquito vectors of major human diseases are currently controlled using chemical and biological products. Extensive insecticide use has led to resistance development and human/environmental health risks, and alter native sustainable control options are needed; in this study, activity of an extract of garlic (Allium sativum; Amaryllidaceae), and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized from the extract, were evaluated against 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of the yellow fever mosquito, Ae. aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Synthesis of AgNPs was confirmed using UV–Vis spectroscopy, and characterised using powdered X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Larvae were exposed to five concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 ppm) of garlic extract or synthesized AgNPs, with distilled water and silver nitrate solution (1 mM) as controls. The mortality of larvae was recorded after 6, 12, 24, 36, and 48 h following addition of the respective extracts. Dose- and time-dependent toxicity were recorded in both treatment groups with no mortality in control groups. Exposure to AgNPs at 250 ppm for 48 h yielded 100% mortality for both larval instars, with corre sponding LC 50 values of 44.77 (2nd) and 62.82 ppm (3rd). Exposure to garlic extract resulted in similar 48-hour mortality (99 ± 0.77% (2nd) and 98 ± 1.10% (3rd), but consistently higher LC 50 values after all exposure times compared to AgNPs (e.g. 48-hour exposure: 108.42 ppm (2nd), 129.11 ppm (3rd), suggesting that AgNPs may potentially be used at lower concentrations for Ae. aegypti control.

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