Efficacy of UV-TiO₂ photocatalysis technology for inactivation of <i>Escherichia coli</i> K12 on the surface of blueberries and a model agar matrix and the influence of surface characteristics

Lee, Mijin,Shahbaz, Hafiz Muhammad,Kim, Jeong Un,Lee, Hyunah,Lee, Dong-Un,Park, Jiyong Elsevier 2018 FOOD MICROBIOLOGY Vol.76 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Surface disinfection of fresh blueberries is an important food safety challenge due to the delicate texture and short shelf life of these small fruits. A newly designed water-assisted photocatalytic reactor was developed for disinfection of fruits with a delicate texture and complex surface characteristics. Efficacy of UV-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalysis was evaluated in comparison with UV alone for inactivation of <I>Escherichia coli</I> K12 (as a surrogate for <I>Escherichia coli</I> O157:H7) inoculated onto the surface of the blueberry skin, calyx, and an experimentally prepared agar matrix that was used as a model matrix. Influence of surface characteristics such as surface hydrophobicity and surface free energy on bacterial adhesion were also investigated. The initial bacterial population on all surfaces was approximately 7.0 log CFU/g. UV-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalysis (4.5 mW/cm<SUP>2</SUP>) for 30 s achieved comparatively higher bacterial reductions of 5.3 log and 4.6 log CFU/g on blueberry skin and agar matrix surfaces, respectively, than 4.5 log and 3.4 log CFU/g reductions for UV alone (6.0 mW/cm<SUP>2</SUP>). Total phenolic and total anthocyanin contents of fruits were significantly increased after both UV-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> and UV treatments, compared with water washed control fruits. UV-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalysis technology is a non-chemical and residue-free method with reduced water usage for surface disinfection of fresh blueberries.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Photocatalysis method was developed for disinfection of fruits with a delicate texture. </LI> <LI> UV-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalysis was effective against <I>E. coli</I> K12 on blueberry fruit surface. </LI> <LI> Surface properties of blueberry skin and calyx influenced the disinfection efficiency. </LI> <LI> Photocatalysis is a non-chemical and residue-free method with reduced water usage. </LI> </UL> </P>

Metaphor use in TED Talks: Implications for EFL

Lee Mijin josephine 한국사회언어학회 2014 사회언어학 Vol.22 No.2

This study examines the use of metaphor in TED talks with respect to its density, distribution, and functions. Adopting a cognitively-informed discourse framework of metaphor studies, the present paper quantifies and explicates the extent to which metaphors are mapped across the different disciplines of Art/Humanities, Natural Sciences, Social Sciences, and Technology. Also analyzed is the distribution of metaphor across word classes as well as the discursive functions that they work to achieve. The findings indicate that TED Talks are dense with metaphoric lexical units regardless of the type of scholarly discipline. When considering the distribution across word classes, however, diverging patterns in the metaphoric use of nouns, verbs, adjectives, prepositions, and determiners create a dividing line among certain disciplines as in Humanities/Art and Technology. The functions of these metaphors are also described in terms of representational, interpersonal, and textual use. Potential implications for EFL teaching as derived from the analysis are discussed at the end. (155)

Dairy food consumption is associated with a lower risk of the metabolic syndrome and its components: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lee, Mijin,Lee, Hanna,Kim, Jihye Cambridge University Press 2018 The British journal of nutrition Vol.120 No.4

<B>Abstract</B><P>A systematic review and a meta-analysis of observational studies were performed to assess the dose-response relationship between specific types of dairy foods and the risk of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components. Studies of dairy foods and the risk of the MetS and its components published up to June 2016 were searched using PubMed, EMBASE and a reference search. Random-effects models were used to estimate the pooled relative risks (RR) with 95 % CI. Finally, ten cross-sectional studies, two nested case-control studies and twenty-nine cohort studies were included for the analysis. In a dose-response analysis of cohort studies and cross-sectional studies, the pooled RR of the MetS for a one-serving/d increment of total dairy food (nine studies) and milk (six studies) consumption (200 g/d) were 0·91 (95 % CI 0·85, 0·96) and 0·87 (95 % CI 0·79, 0·95), respectively. The pooled RR of the MetS for yogurt (three studies) consumption (100 g/d) was 0·82 (95 % CI 0·73, 0·91). Total dairy food consumption was associated with lower risk of MetS components, such as hyperglycaemia, elevated blood pressure, hypertriacylglycerolaemia and low HDL- cholesterol. A one-serving/d increment of milk was related to a 12 % lower risk of abdominal obesity, and a one-serving/d increment of yogurt was associated with a 16 % lower risk of hyperglycaemia. These associations were not significantly different by study design, study location or adjustment factors. This meta-analysis showed that specific types of dairy food consumption such as milk and yogurt as well as total dairy food consumption were inversely related to risk of the MetS and its components.</P>

Natural co-infection of <i>Ehrlichia chaffeensis</i> and <i>Anaplasma bovis</i> in a deer in South Korea

LEE, Mijin,YU, Dohyeon,YOON, Jiseon,LI, Yinghua,LEE, Jonghyeon,PARK, Jinho Japanese Society of Veterinary Science 2009 The Journal of veterinary medical science Vol.71 No.1

<P>Both ehrlichioses and anaplasmoses are zoonotic, fatal infectious diseases that caused by ticks. White-tailed deer (<I>Odocoileus virginianus</I>) are important hosts for <I>Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum</I> and <I>Anaplasma</I>-like organisms. In the present study, an evaluation of infection with tick-borne pathogens was conducted using a PCR assay on the blood of a deer that expressed anorexia and decreased activity. The results of the PCR assay revealed natural co-infection of <I>E. chaffeensis</I> and <I>A. bovis</I> in the deer. This indicates that deer may be a natural reservoir of both <I>E. chaffeensis</I> and <I>A. bovis</I> in South Korea.</P>

Microquantitation of Prostate-Specific Antigen by Using Antibody-Conjugated Magnetic Microsphere Beads

Lee, Sang-Don,Lee, Mijin,Park, So-Yeon,Ha, Yumin,Jung, Sang-Chul,Kim, Hangun American Scientific Publishers 2018 Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology Vol.18 No.2

RNA interference of chitinase gene in Spodoptera litura

Mijin Jeon,Nayoung Jin,Sanna Oh,Youkyoung Lee,Mija Seo,Youngnam Youn,Yongman Yu 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.10

RNA interference(RNAi) is the method which controls phenotypes of gene in live cells. Chitinase is the enzyme helping digestion and absorption of old cuticles during the ecdysis of insects. In order to investigate molting-inhibition effect with the chitinase related gene in Spodoptera litura, RNA was extracted from the 5th instars. cDNA was synthesized and then we obtained about 645bp size chitinase. After PCR products were cloned into a pGEM T-easy vector, colonies were picked. DNA was extracted from the colony cultures. EcoR I enzyme was used to check whether PCR products were inserted or not. To synthesize the dsRNA, each DNA was cut with Spe I and Nco I enzymes. After synthesis, of dsRNA, approximately 5ul dsRNA was injected into the 3rd abdominal segment of S. litura 4th larvae. We confirmed insects that were phenotypically abnormal - for instance molting inhibition, change of integument color, malformation.

Relationship Between ¹⁸F-FDG Uptake on PET and Recurrence Patterns After Curative Surgical Resection in Patients with Advanced Gastric Cancer

Lee, Jeong Won,Jo, Kwanhyeong,Cho, Arthur,Noh, Sung Hoon,Lee, Jong Doo,Yun, Mijin Society of Nuclear Medicine 2015 The Journal of nuclear medicine Vol.56 No.10

<P>This study evaluated the predictive value of <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG PET for distant metastasis-free survival and peritoneal recurrence-free survival as well as recurrence-free survival and overall survival after curative surgical resection in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC). <B>Methods:</B> Two hundred seventy-nine patients with AGC who underwent preoperative <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG PET and subsequent curative surgical resection were included. The tumor–to–normal liver uptake ratio (TLR) of cancer lesions was measured, and the prognostic significance of TLR and tumor factors for distant metastasis-free survival, peritoneal recurrence-free survival, recurrence-free survival, and overall survival was assessed. <B>Results:</B> The 5-y recurrence-free survival, peritoneal recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and overall survival rates were 46.9%, 68.5%, 76.0%, and 58.1%, respectively. Depth of tumor invasion, lymph node metastasis, lymphovascular invasion, and TLR were independent prognostic factors for both recurrence-free survival and overall survival (<I>P</I> < 0.05). For distant metastasis-free survival, lymphovascular invasion and TLR were independent risk factors (<I>P</I> < 0.05). In patients with a TLR of 2.0 or less, the 5-y distant metastasis-free survival rate was 95.5%; in patients with a TLR greater than 2.0, the 5-y distant metastasis-free survival rate was 68.8%. For peritoneal recurrence-free survival, TLR showed no statistical significance (<I>P</I> = 0.7) whereas pT stage, lymph node metastasis, Lauren classification, and Bormann type were independent prognostic factors (<I>P</I> < 0.05). <B>Conclusion:</B> <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG uptake of AGC is an independent prognostic factor for distant metastasis-free survival, recurrence-free survival, and overall survival. The possibility of distant metastasis during follow-up should be considered in patients with high <SUP>18</SUP>F-FDG uptake.</P>

Amyloid-β-related and unrelated cortical thinning in dementia with Lewy bodies

Lee, Young-gun,Jeon, Seun,Yoo, Han Soo,Chung, Seok Jong,Lee, Seung-Koo,Lee, Phil Hyu,Sohn, Young Ho,Yun, Mijin,Evans, Alan C.,Ye, Byoung Seok Elsevier 2018 NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING Vol.72 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Coexisting Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is common in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). To evaluate the cortical thinning in patients with DLB considering the effect of amyloid-β (Aβ), we compared the regional cortical thickness between control subjects and patients with DLB with abnormal dopamine transporter imaging. Seventeen (43.6%) of 39 patients with DLB and no control subjects had significant Aβ deposition on <SUP>18</SUP>F-florbetaben positron emission tomography. Compared to control (n = 15), Aβ-negative DLB group (n = 21) had cortical thinning in the bilateral insula, entorhinal, basal frontal, and occipito-parietal cortices. Compared to Aβ-negative DLB, Aβ-positive DLB group (n = 15) had a lower cortical thickness in the AD-prone brain regions in addition to the bilateral occipital, basal frontal, and somatomotor cortices. After controlling for the amount of Aβ deposition, DLB group had cortical thinning in the same regions affected in the Aβ-negative DLB group. In summary, patients with DLB had an Aβ-independent cortical thinning, while Aβ was associated with additional cortical thinning in the AD-prone brain regions and the aggravation of DLB-specific cortical thinning.</P>

고령운전자의 인지된 운전능력과 운전행동 및 사고위험의 관련성

Mijin Lee,Myung Sun Lee 위기관리 이론과 실천 2014 Crisisonomy Vol.10 No.12

본 연구는 고령운전자의 인지된 운전능력과 운전행동 및 사고위험의 관련성을 파악하고자 시행하였다. 설문조 사는 서울·경기지역의 운전면허시험장, 노인종합복지관 및 노인복지회관을 방문하여 2014년 5월 20일부터 2014 년 6월 7일까지 실시하였으며, 65세 이상 고령운전자 220명을 최종 연구대상자로 하였다. 연구대상자의 운전능 력 점수는 남성인 대상자가(p<0.001), 운전면허 발급연도가 오래될수록(p<0.01), 업무용 자동차를 운전하는 대상 자가(p<0.001), 직업운전자가(p<0.01), 하루 운전시간이 길수록(p<0.001), 위반행위 적발횟수가 많을수록 (p<0.01) 높았으며, 이 차이는 통계학적으로 유의하였다. 연구대상자의 운전행동 점수는 사고 가해경험이 있는 대상자가(p<0.05) 높았으며, 이 차이는 통계학적으로 유의하였다. 연구대상자의 사고위험 점수는 65세-74세인 연령대에서(p<0.001), 학력이 낮을수록(p<0.01), 직업운전자가(p<0.01), 위반행위 적발횟수가 많을수록(p<0.001) 사고 가해경험과 피해경험이 있는 대상자가(p<0.01) 높았으며, 이 차이는 통계학적으로 유의하였다. 인지된 운전 능력과 운전행동, 사고위험은 음의 상관관계가 있었으며, 통계학적으로 유의하였다(p<0.001, p<0.01). 운전행동 과 사고위험은 양의 상관관계가 있었으며, 통계학적으로 유의하였다(p<0.001). 특히 상황적응력의 경우 위반, 착 오, 오류와 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있었으며(p<0.01, p<0.001). 주위불안, 자기불안과 유의한 음의 상관관계가 있었다(p<0.001). 사고위험에 영향을 미치는 변수는 상황적응력(β=-.261, p<0.01), 연령(β=-.128, p<0.05), 위 반행위적발 횟수(β=.237, p<0.01), 사고피해경험(β=.175, p<0.05)이 사고위험에 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미 치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 초기 고령운전자와 직업운전자, 사고 피해경험이 많은 고령운전자에 대한 교 통안전교육이 필요하며, 고령운전자가 쉽게 운전할 수 있는 고령 친화적인 도로환경이 조성되어야 한다. This study was performed to investigate the elderly driver’s perceived driving ability and driving behavior associated with traffic accident risk. The target of this study was elderly drivers in driver’s license examination offices and senior welfare centers. A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted from May 20, 2014 to Jun 7. Totally, the questionnaires of 220 elderly drivers were fully filled out. Men driver, longer the year of driver’s license issued, driving commercial vehicles, occupational driving, longer daytime driving hours, higher frequency of exposed violations were related with perceived driving ability(p<0.01). Having experience of active traffic accident were related with abnormal driving behavior(p<0.05). Accident risk is dependent on 65-74 ages, lower level of education, occupational driving, more frequency of exposed violations, more having experience of active and passive traffic accident(p<0.01). At the last, the factors that affected to the accident risk is situational adaptability(β=-.261, p<0.01), age(β=-.128, p<0.05), frequency of exposed violations(β=.237, p<0.01), having experience of passive traffic accident(β=.175, p<0.05). Based on the results in this paper, it can be concluded that, in order to prevent traffic accident by elderly drivers, there is a need to educate early elderly drivers and occupational drivers. It is also required to make elderly-friendly traffic environment for elderly drivers to drive easily.

Association of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with subclinical myocardial dysfunction in non-cirrhotic patients

Lee, Yong-ho,Kim, Kwang Joon,Yoo, Myung eun,Kim, Gyuri,Yoon, Hye-jin,Jo, Kwanhyeong,Youn, Jong-Chan,Yun, Mijin,Park, Jun Yong,Shim, Chi Young,Lee, Byung-Wan,Kang, Seok-Min,Ha, Jong-Won,Cha, Bong-Soo,K Elsevier 2018 Journal of hepatology Vol.68 No.4

<P><B>Background & Aims</B></P> <P>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Among categories of NAFLD, hepatic fibrosis is most likely to affect mortality. Myocardial function and its energy metabolism are tightly linked, which might be altered by an insulin resistant condition such as NAFLD. We investigated whether hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were associated with myocardial dysfunction relative to myocardial glucose uptake.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>A total of 308 patients (190 without NAFLD, 118 with NAFLD) were studied in a tertiary care hospital. Myocardial glucose uptake was evaluated at fasted state using [<SUP>18</SUP>F]-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (<SUP>18</SUP>FDG-PET). Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis were assessed by transient liver elastography (Fibroscan®) with controlled attenuation parameter, which quantifies hepatic fat and by surrogate indices (fatty liver index and NAFLD fibrosis score). Cardiac structure and function were examined by echocardiogram.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Compared to those without NAFLD, patients with NAFLD had alterations in cardiac remodeling, manifested by increased left ventricular mass index, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, and left atrial volume index (all <I>p</I> <0.05). Hepatic steatosis was significantly associated with left ventricular filling pressure (E/e’ ratio), which reflects diastolic dysfunction (<I>p</I> for trend <0.05). Those without NAFLD were more likely to have higher myocardial glucose uptake compared to those with NAFLD. Significant hepatic fibrosis was also correlated with diastolic dysfunction and impaired myocardial glucose uptake. Using multivariable linear regression, E/e’ ratio was independently associated with hepatic fibrosis (standardized β = 0.12 to 0.27; all <I>p</I> <0.05). Association between hepatic steatosis and E/e’ ratio was also significant (standardized β = 0.10 to 0.15; all <I>p</I> <0.05 excluding the model adjusted for adiposity).</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis are significantly associated with diastolic heart dysfunction. This association is linked with myocardial glucose uptake evaluated by <SUP>18</SUP>FDG-PET.</P> <P><B>Lay summary</B></P> <P>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. More severe forms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, where hepatic fibrosis occurs, are linked to increased mortality. In this study, we have shown that hepatic steatosis and fibrosis are associated with subclinical myocardial dysfunction. This association is linked to altered myocardial glucose uptake.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Patients with NAFLD had alterations in cardiac remodeling. </LI> <LI> Hepatic steatosis and fibrosis are associated with diastolic heart dysfunction. </LI> <LI> Those without NAFLD were more likely to have higher myocardial glucose uptake. </LI> <LI> Hepatic fibrosis was correlated with decreased myocardial glucose uptake. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>