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        The putative polysaccharide synthase AfCps1 regulates Aspergillus fumigatus morphogenesis and conidia immune response in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages

        Wang Sha,Yuan Anjie,Zeng Liping,Hou Sikai,Wang Meng,Li Lei,Cai Zhendong,Zhong Guowei 한국미생물학회 2021 The journal of microbiology Vol.59 No.1

        Aspergillus fumigatus is a well-known opportunistic pathogen that causes invasive aspergillosis (IA) infections with high mortality in immunosuppressed individuals. Morphogenesis, including hyphal growth, conidiation, and cell wall biosynthesis is crucial in A. fumigatus pathogenesis. Based on a previous random insertional mutagenesis library, we identified the putative polysaccharide synthase gene Afcps1 and its paralog Afcps2. Homologs of the cps gene are commonly found in the genomes of most fungal and some bacterial pathogens. Afcps1/cpsA is important in sporulation, cell wall composition, and virulence. However, the precise regulation patterns of cell wall integrity by Afcps1/cpsA and further effects on the immune response are poorly understood. Specifically, our in-depth study revealed that Afcps1 affects cell-wall stability, showing an increased resistance of ΔAfcps1 to the chitinmicrofibril destabilizing compound calcofluor white (CFW) and susceptibility of ΔAfcps1 to the β-(1,3)-glucan synthase inhibitor echinocandin caspofungin (CS). Additionally, deletion of Afcps2 had a normal sporulation phenotype but caused hypersensitivity to Na+ stress, CFW, and Congo red (CR). Specifically, quantitative analysis of cell wall composition using high-performance anion exchange chromatography- pulsed amperometric detector (HPAEC-PAD) analysis revealed that depletion of Afcps1 reduced cell wall glucan and chitin contents, which was consistent with the downregulation of expression of the corresponding biosynthesis genes. Moreover, an elevated immune response stimulated by conidia of the ΔAfcps1 mutant in marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) during phagocytosis was observed. Thus, our study provided new insights into the function of polysaccharide synthase Cps1, which is necessary for the maintenance of cell wall stability and the adaptation of conidia to the immune response of macrophages in A. fumigatus.

      • KCI등재

        중국 무인점포의 마케팅 믹스요인이 소비자 체험과 만족도에 미치는 영향

        Meng-Sha Wang,Sang Li,배기형 한국유통경영학회 2020 유통경영학회지 Vol.23 No.4

        Purpose: With the new trend of retailment and the development of unmanned retailment, unmanned stores in China have rapidly grown as a new type of retail format that is personalized and diversified. The purpose of this study is to verify the influence of unmanned store's marketing mix factors on consumer experience and satisfaction. It also focuses on promoting the development of unmanned stores in China. Research design, data, and methodology: This study analyzed the influence of unmanned store's marketing mix factors on consumer experience and satisfaction. This study also conducted an online survey for 12 days from March 18th to March 29th, 2020. A total of 411 questionnaires were surveyed by Chinese consumers who visited unmanned stores, and the results were used for the final analysis. Results: First, among the four factors in the marketing mix, the price does not significantly affect the sensory experience and the emotional experience, but the other factors showed a significant positive effect on all three factors of the consumer experience. Second, the four factors of the marketing mix have a positive(+) effect on satisfaction, and their influence is big in order of promotion, distribution, price, and product. Third, it was verified that the three factors of consumer experience, such as relational experience, emotional experience, and sensory experience, have a positive effect on satisfaction. Fourth, it can be seen that there is a mediating effect of consumer experience between marketing mix factors and satisfaction. Conclusions: The following conclusions can be obtained from the results of this study. Unmanned supermarkets can enhance customers' shopping experience by providing customers with scene-oriented, personalized, and experience-based services, thereby improving customers' satisfaction. At the same time, unmanned enterprises can strengthen corporate alliances and data sharing, which is beneficial for providing customized services for consumers and promoting unmanned shops.

      • Current Status and Future Perspectives of Sonodynamic Therapy and Sonosensitiers

        Liu, Xing-Han,Li, Sha,Wang, Meng,Dai, Zhi-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.11

        The precaution and treatment for cancer become inevitable with the rising of morbidity and mortality. In this article, a promising new methodology for cancer treatment, sono-dynamic therapy (SDT) was introduced. In addition, we extensively reviewed the molec-ular mechanisms of SDT killing cancer and summarized the classification of sonosensi-tizers. At the same time, research progress of SDT indicates that it is possible to become a developing field for cancer treatment in clinical application.

      • KCI등재

        산업연관분석에 의한 중국 물류산업의 경제적 파급효과 분석

        여명우(Lu, Ming-Yu),왕맹사(Wang, Meng-Sha),배기형(Bae, Ki-Hyung) 한국물류학회 2020 물류학회지 Vol.30 No.4

        본 연구의 목적은 중국 산업연관표를 이용하여 중국 물류산업의 경제적 파급효과의 분석결과를 통해 물류산업에 대한 미래 발 전의 시사점을 제시하는 데 목적이 있다. 본 연구를 위해 중국 통계청의 2012, 2017년 산업연관표의 139개, 149개 산업 중 물류산 업과 직접 연관된 육상운송, 수상운송 등 5개 부문을 중국 물류산업으로 분류하였다. 분석결과 물류산업은 생산유발계수의 열 합 계는 2012년 3.6276에서 2017년 2.7666로, 행 합계는 2012년 5.7127에서 2017년 4.5200으로 감소하였다. 감응도계수는 2012년 1.7250에서 2017년 1.5581로, 영향력계수는 2012년 1.0954에서 2017년 0.9538로 다소 감소하였다. 부가가치유발계수는 2012년 1.261, 2017년 1.1578로 나타났다. 노동유발계수는 2012년 0.0589에서 2017년 0.0433로 감소하였다. 따라서 물류산업은 국민경제에 대한 이끌어 갈 수 있는 능력이 재고하기 위해 첫째, 물류산업의 전체 시스템화와 종합성을 강화해야 하고 산업 구조를 전환에 대한 노력이 필요하다. 둘째, 운송구조를 조정하여 우세를 가지고 있는 운송방식을 중점으로서 발전시키는 정책이 필요하다. 셋째, 물류산업의 국제화 수준을 높이기 위해서 정부 지원이 필요하다. 마지막으로, 기술기반의 자본집약형 산업으로 전환하기 위해 새 로운 기술과 정보 네트워크 기술을 적용함으로써 물류산업의 업그레이드를 추진한 정책이 필요하다. By analyzing how China’s logistics industry affect the national economy, this thesis hopes to suggest future strategies for logistics industry. In order to analyze the logistics industry effects on national economy, among the 139 industries, 149 industries in China’s 2012 and 2017 input-output table of the Chinese National Statistical Office, choosing overland transportation, water transportation, air transportation, multimodal transportation, and logistics support service were classified as Chinese logistics industries. As a result of the analysis, the total column of production inducement coefficient by the logistics industry decreased from 3.6276 in 2012 to 2.7666 in 2017, and the total row decreased from 5.7127 in 2012 to 4.5200 in 2017. The coefficient of sensitivity decreased slightly from 1.7250 in 2012 to 1.5581 in 2017 and the influence coefficient from 1.0954 in 2012 to 0.9538 in 2017. The value-added inducement coefficient was 1.261 in 2012 and 1.1578 in 2017. The labor inducement coefficient decreased from 0.0589 in 2012 to 0.0433 in 2017. There are four implications pointed out regarding to China’s logistics industry. First, the logistics industry needs to be a total systemization and generalization and make efforts to transform the industrial structure. Second, there needs a policy to focus on developing transportation methods that have an advantage. Third, logistics industry needs support from the government in order to reach its globalization level. Finally, for it to transform into a technology-capital-based industry, there needs to be a policy that expediate the upgrade of logistics industry, making it apply new technology and information network skills.

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