Regulation of JAK2/STAT3 and NF-κB signal transduction pathways; <i>Veronica polita</i> alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine colitis

Akanda, Md Rashedunnabi,Nam, Hyeon-Hwa,Tian, Weishun,Islam, Anowarul,Choo, Byung-Kil,Park, Byung-Yong Elsevier 2018 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.100 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a major inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a worldwide emergent disease. <I>Veronica polita</I> (VP) is a medicinal herb that has strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we studied the protective effect of VP on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice. Phytochemical screening of VP extract demonstrated the presence of high total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Compared with the DSS group, VP significantly reduced clinical symptoms with less weight loss, bloody stool, shortening of the colon, and the severity of colitis was considerably inhibited as evidenced by the reduced disease activity index (DAI) and degree of histological damage in the colon and spleen. Also, treatment with VP considerably decreased the nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. VP remarkably downregulated the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the colon tissue. Likewise, activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was effectively blocked by VP. Taken together, these results demonstrate that VP has an ameliorative effect on colonic inflammation mediated by modulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators by suppressing the JAK2/STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways.</P>

Hepatoprotective Role of <i>Hydrangea macrophylla</i> against Sodium Arsenite-Induced Mitochondrial-Dependent Oxidative Stress via the Inhibition of MAPK/Caspase-3 Pathways

Akanda, Md Rashedunnabi,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Kim, In-Shik,Ahn, Dongchoon,Tian, Weishun,Islam, Anowarul,Nam, Hyeon-Hwa,Choo, Byung-Kil,Park, Byung-Yong MDPI 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.7

<P>Sodium arsenite (NaAsO<SUB>2</SUB>) has been recognized as a worldwide health concern. <I>Hydrangea macrophylla</I> (HM) is used as traditional Chinese medicine possessing antioxidant activities. The study was performed to investigate the therapeutic role and underlying molecular mechanism of HM on NaAsO<SUB>2</SUB>-induced toxicity in human liver cancer (HepG2) cells and liver in mice. The hepatoprotective role of HM in HepG2 cells was assessed by using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-Yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Histopathology, lipid peroxidation, serum biochemistry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot analyses were performed to determine the protective role of HM against NaAsO<SUB>2</SUB> intoxication in liver tissue. In this study, we found that co-treatment with HM significantly attenuated the NaAsO<SUB>2</SUB>-induced cell viability loss, intracellular ROS, and LDH release in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Hepatic histopathology, lipid peroxidation, and the serum biochemical parameters alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were notably improved by HM. HM effectively downregulated the both gene and protein expression level of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. Moreover, HM well-regulated the Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax)/B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) ratio, remarkably suppressed the release of cytochrome <I>c</I>, and blocked the expression of the post-apoptotic transcription factor caspase-3. Therefore, our study provides new insights into the hepatoprotective role of HM through its reduction in apoptosis, which likely involves in the modulation of MAPK/caspase-3 signaling pathways.</P>

Anti-Inflammatory and Gastroprotective Roles of <i>Rabdosia inflexa</i> through Downregulation of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathways

Akanda, Md Rashedunnabi,Kim, In-Shik,Ahn, Dongchoon,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Nam, Hyeon-Hwa,Choo, Byung-Kil,Kim, Kyunghwa,Park, Byung-Yong MDPI 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.19 No.2

<P>Globally, gastric ulcer is a vital health hazard for a human. <I>Rabdosia inflexa</I> (RI) has been used in traditional medicine for inflammatory diseases. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect and related molecular mechanism of RI using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 246.7 cells and HCl/EtOH-induced gastric ulcer in mice. We applied 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), histopathology, malondialdehyde (MDA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blot analyses to evaluate the protective role of RI. Study revealed that RI effectively attenuated LPS-promoted NO and ROS production in RAW 246.7 cells. In addition, RI mitigated gastric oxidative stress by inhibiting lipid peroxidation, elevating NO, and decreasing gastric inflammation. RI significantly halted elevated gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (<I>TNF-α</I>), interleukin-1β (<I>IL-1β</I>), interleukin-6 (<I>IL-6</I>), inducible nitric oxide synthetase (<I>iNOS</I>), and cyclooxygenase-2 (<I>COX-2</I>) in gastric tissue. Likewise, RI markedly attenuated the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) phosphorylation, COX-2 expression, phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor kappa B (IκBα) and activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). Thus, experimental findings suggested that the anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective activities of RI might contribute to regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways.</P>

In Vivo and In Vitro Hepatoprotective Effects of <i> Geranium koreanum</i> Methanolic Extract via Downregulation of MAPK/Caspase-3 Pathway

Akanda, Md Rashedunnabi,Kim, In-Shik,Ahn, Dongchoon,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Tian, Weishun,Nam, Hyeon-Hwa,Choo, Byung-Kil,Park, Byung-Yong Hindawi 2017 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2017 No.-

<P><I>Geranium koreanum</I> (GK) is an indigenous Chinese herbal medicine widely used for the treatment of various inflammation and liver disorders. However, the exact mechanism of action of GK remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and related molecular mechanism of GK on NaAsO<SUB>2</SUB>-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells and liver damage in mice. The cytoprotective role of GK was assessed on HepG2 cells using MTT assay. Oxidative stress and lactate dehydrogenase levels were measured with ROS and LDH assay. Histopathology and serum enzymes levels were estimated. The molecular mechanism was evaluated by qPCR and immunoblotting to ensure the hepatoprotective role of GK against NaAsO<SUB>2</SUB> intoxication in mice. We found cotreatment with GK significantly attenuated NaAsO<SUB>2</SUB>-induced cell viability loss, intracellular ROS, and LDH release. Hepatic histopathology and serum biochemical parameters, ALT, and AST were notably improved by cotreatment with GK. Beside, GK markedly altered both mRNA and protein expression level of MAPK. The proapoptotic and antiapoptotic protein Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was significantly regulated by GK. Moreover, GK remarkably suppressed the postapoptotic transcription protein cleaved caspase-3 expression. The present study reveals that GK possesses hepatoprotective activity which is probably involved in the modulation of the MAPK/caspase-3 pathway.</P>

Involvement of MAPK/NF-κB signal transduction pathways: <i>Camellia japonica</i> mitigates inflammation and gastric ulcer

Akanda, Md Rashedunnabi,Park, Byung-Yong Elsevier 2017 BIOMEDICINE AND PHARMACOTHERAPY Vol.95 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Gastric ulcer is an important risk factor for human health globally. <I>Camellia japonica</I> (CJ) is a plant of which the fruits are used as traditional phytomedicine for inflammatory and immunomodulatory diseases; however, the underlying molecular mechanism has not been clarified. The present study aimed to investigate the immunopharmacological activities of <I>Camellia japonica</I> and validate its pharmacological targets. To evaluate the protective roles of <I>Camellia japonica</I> on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells and HCl/EtOH-induced gastric ulcer in mice; we applied 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), histopathology, malondialdehyde (MDA), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and western blot analyses. We also determined the total phenolic and flavonoid content of <I>Camellia japonica</I> which might possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We found the production of NO and ROS in RAW 246.7 cells were both suppressed by <I>Camellia japonica</I> <B>.</B> Moreover, <I>Camellia japonica</I> mitigated the HCl/EtOH-induced oxidative stress in gastric mucosa via the reduction of lipid peroxidation and elevation of NO production. Gastric mucosal damages were prominently improved by <I>Camellia japonica</I>, as confirmed by the histopathological evaluation. The gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and enzymes TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS, and COX-2 was notably downregulated by <I>Camellia japonica</I>. In addition, <I>Camellia japonica</I> markedly attenuated the MAPKs (ERK1/2, JNK, and p38) phosphorylation, COX-2 expression, and activation of transcription factor NF-κB and as well as phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα in gastric mucosa. Taken together, the intimated anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective mechanism of <I>Camellia japonica</I> is mediated by modulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and enzymes via suppression of MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways.</P>

Neuroprotective Effects of Sigesbeckia pubescens Extract on Glutamate-Induced Oxidative Stress in HT22 Cells via Downregulation of MAPK/caspase-3 Pathways

Akanda, Md. Rashedunnabi,Kim, Myung-Jin,Kim, In-Shik,Ahn, Dongchoon,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Rahman, Md. Mahfujur,Park, Yang-Gyu,Seol, Jae-Won,Nam, Hyeon-Hwa,Choo, Byung-Kil,Park, Byung-Yong Springer-Verlag 2018 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.38 No.2

<P>Sigesbeckia pubescens (SP) is a traditional Chinese medicine, possessing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we evaluate the neuroprotective activities of SP extract on glutamate-induced oxidative stress in HT22 cells and the molecular mechanism underlying neuroprotection. We applied 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), crystal violet, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and western blot analyses for assessing the neuroprotective effects of SP extract. The experimental study revealed that SP considerably increased the cell viability, and reduced the oxidative stress promoted ROS and LDH generation in HT22 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, the morphology of HT22 cells was effectively improved by SP. Upregulated gene expressions of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were markedly attenuated by SP. Similarly, SP notably suppressed the ROS-mediated phosphorylation of MAPK (pERK1/2, pJNK, and pp38) cascades and activation of apoptotic factor caspase-3 signaling pathway that overall contributed to the neuroprotection. Taken together, SP may exert neuroprotective effects via alteration of MAPK and caspase-3 pathways under oxidative stress condition. Therefore, SP is a potential agent for preventing oxidative stress-mediated neuronal cell death.</P>

Hair growth promoting activity of discarded biocomposite keratin extract

Akanda, Md Rashedunnabi,Kim, Hak-Yong,Park, Mira,Kim, In-Shik,Ahn, Dongchoon,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Park, Byung-Yong SAGE Publications 2017 Journal of biomaterials applications Vol.32 No.2

The pharmacological and biological roles of eriodictyol

Anowarul Islam,Md Sadikul Islam,Md Khalesur Rahman,Md Nazim Uddin,Md Rashedunnabi Akanda 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.6

Eriodictyol is a fl avonoid in the fl avanones subclass. It is abundantly present in a wide range of medicinalplants, citrus fruits, and vegetables that are considered tohave potential health importance. Having the considerablemedicinal properties, eriodictyol has been predicted toclarify the mode of action in various cellular and molecularpathways. Evidence for the existing therapeutic roles of eriodictyolincludes antioxidant, anti-infl ammatory, anti-cancer,neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity,hepatoprotective, and miscellaneous. Therefore, this reviewaims to present the recent evidence regarding the mechanismsof action of eriodictyol in diff erent signaling pathwaysin a specifi c disease condition. In view of the immense therapeutic eff ects, eriodictyol may serve as a potential drugsource to enhance community health standards.

The potential health benefits of the isoflavone glycoside genistin

Anowarul Islam,Md Sadikul Islam,Md Nazim Uddin,Mir Md Iqbal Hasan,Md Rashedunnabi Akanda 대한약학회 2020 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.43 No.4

Genistin is a type of isoflavone glycoside andhas a broad range of health benefits. It is found in a varietyof dietary plants, such as soybean, kudzu (Japanese arrowroot),and other plant-based products. Genistin has beendescribed to have several beneficial health impacts, suchas decreasing the risk of osteoporosis and post-menopausalsymptoms, as well as anti-cancer, anti-oxidative, cardioprotective,anti-apoptotic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective,and anti-microbial activities. It may also assist individualswith metabolic syndrome. This review summarizes some ofthe molecular impacts and prospective roles of genistin inmaintaining and treatment of health disorders. The reviewcould help to develop novel genistin medicine with significanthealth benefits for application in the nutraceutical andpharmaceutical fields.

Expression analysis of ciliary rootlet coiled coil protein mRNA during Xenopus development

Rahman, Md. Mahfujur,Kim, In-Shik,Ahn, Dong-Choon,Cho, Ho-Seong,Kim, Won-Il,Kim, Bumseok,Shin, Gee-Wook,Kwon, Jungkee,Akanda, Rashedunnabi,Park, Byung-Yong The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 2015 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.55 No.3

Ciliary rootlet coiled coil protein (CROCC), the structural component that originates from the basal body at the proximal end of the ciliary rootlet, plays a crucial role in maintaining the cellular integrity of ciliated cells. In the current study, we cloned Xenopus CROCC and performed the expression analysis. The amino acid sequence of Xenopus laevis was related to those of Drosophila, cow, goat, horse, chicken, mouse and human. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that CROCC mRNA encoding a coiled coil protein was present maternally, as well as throughout early development. In situ hybridization indicated that CROCC mRNA occurred in the animal pole of embryo during gastrulation and subsequently in the presumptive neuroectoderm at the end of gastrulation. At tailbud stages, CROCC mRNA expression was localized in the anterior roof plate of the developing brain, pharyngeal epithelium connected to gills, esophagus, olfactory placode, intestine and nephrostomes of the pronephric kidney. Our study suggests that CROCC may be responsible for control of the development of various ciliated organs.