EFFECTIVE FORMS OF MARKET ORIENTATION ACROSS THE CHANGING ECONOMIC CYCLE: A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS

Matti Jaakkola,Iya Churakova,Henrikki Tikkanen,Johanna Fr?s?n 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.7

Economic fluctuation has a remarkable influence on firms and their performance (e.g., Deleersnyder, Dekimpe, Sarvavy, & Parker, 2004; Srinivasan, Rangaswamy, & Lilien, 2005). Given the extreme conditions and frequency of recessions (since World War II, recessions have occurred every six years; Srinivasan et al., 2005), understanding what kind of marketing is effective across the different phases of the economic cycle is a crucial question for marketers (e.g., Steenkamp & Fang, 2011; Srinivasan, Lilien, & Sridhar, 2011). In business-to-business markets, characterized by a strong emphasis on long-term customer relationships (e.g., Gr?nroos, 1997), the ability to gain a deep understanding of customers and their changing needs is a central determinant of firm performance. Therefore, in such markets, market orientation (MO) provides a particularly important source of competitive advantage. During an economic crisis, MO may also serve as an effective shelter against declining firm performance, particularly in industrial markets (Alajoutsij?rvi, Klint, & Tikkanen, 2001). The key rationale is that highly market-oriented firms are able to rapidly and accurately identify changes in the marketplace and respond to shifting customer needs and competitors’ actions (Narver & Slater, 1990). While a vast body of literature evidences MO in general to yield performance gains for firms (Kirca, Jayachandran, & Bearden, 2005), some recent studies (e.g., Kumar, Jones, Venkatesan, & Leone, 2011) have questioned this relationship. Recent empirical studies (e.g., De Luca, Verona, & Vicari, 2010; Noble, Sinha, & Kumar, 2002) also propose that the different components of MO (i.e., customer orientation, competitor orientation and interfunctional coordination) may result in different performance outcomes. Furthermore, recent studies have shown the economic environment to play an important role in determining the performance outcomes and, thus, effective forms of MO (cf. Smirnova, Naud?, Henneberg, Mouzas, & Kouchtch, 2011). In this study, using panel data of 140 firms from before and after the great financial crisis, we examine the performance implications of distinct forms of MO 1) over the changing economic cycle 2) among different types of business-to-business focused firms. Employing ordinary least squares regression analysis, our findings suggest that MO and its distinct components yield varying performance impacts from economic upturn to downturn. Specifically, the impact of MO increases during downturn, with interfunctional coordination boosting performance and competitor orientation becoming detrimental. Subsequently, employing configurational analysis (fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis), our findings further indicate that the role and the most effective forms of MO vary across industry sectors, with MO having a particularly strong impact among firms operating in business-to-business services. We also conclude that, in a growing economy the role of MO has become more of a cost of competing (Kumar et al., 2011), whereas in an economic downturn MO still provides a valuable shelter against performance declines. Finally, our empirical findings are in line with contingency arguments, and suggest that the successful ways for a firm to relate with its markets depend on the dynamic firm- and industry-specific settings.

Do Faith-Based Foster Care Agencies Respond Equally to All Clients?

Mattie Mackenzie-Liu,David J. Schwegman,Leonard M. Lopoo 서울대학교행정대학원 2022 The Korean Journal of Policy Studies Vol.37 No.2

Recent laws and court rulings have increased legal protections for faith-based organizations that refuse to provide services to certain individuals based on deeply held religious beliefs. Using data from a 2019 email correspondence study, we examine if religiously-affiliated foster care agencies respond to inquiries from white same-sex couples differently from public and secular foster care agencies. This paper provides preliminary, descriptive results that public sector discrimination can vary by the type of organization that is providing the service. We find suggestive evidence that religiously-affiliated foster care agencies are less likely to respond to same-sex male couples. However, this study lacks sufficient statistical power to find conclusive evidence of differential treatment by type of organization, which highlights the challenges of conducting correspondence studies that examine intersectional discrimination. Despite this limitation, we argue that it is increasingly important for scholars of public administration and public policy to examine and understand how discrimination in the public sector may vary by group membership or organizational type. While exploring this intersectional discrimination may be limited in certain contexts, understanding how and why organizations and public servants are more or less likely to respond to particular groups is an important first step in designing interventions or crafting policies to reduce differential treatment.

A unique red fluorescent protein of silkworm bearing two photochromic moieties

Matti, Kalyankumar M.,Singh, Surya S.,Savanurmath, Chandrashekhar J.,Hinchigeri, Shivayogeppa B. Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.10

A silkworm excretory red fluorescent protein (SE-RFP) having light-dependent activity against Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) was purified. Light was observed to be essential also for the SE-RFP synthesis as it was produced only when silkworms were reared in light. SE-RFP has exhibited a high fluorescence quantum yield of 0.86. The apparent mass of native SE-RFP was about 1100 kDa as analysed by gel filtration chromatography. Two photochromic moieties associated with the SE-RFP, namely tetrapyrrole-I (TP-I) and tetrapyrrole-II (TP-II), were isolated by employing TLC and HPTLC techniques. The purified tetrapyrroles were characterized by UV-absorption, fluorescence, atomic absorption and FT-IR spectral analyses. The molecular masses of TP-I and TP-II were 535 and 870 Da, respectively, as determined by ESI-MS and MALDI-TOF-MS. The molar ratio of TP-I to TP-II was 1.14 : 1.00, and a total of 7.251 ${\mu}mol$ tetrapyrroles (TP-I + TP-II) were found to be present per mg of SE-RFP. TP-I and TP-II were identified as chlorophyll derivatives, namely, pyropheophorbide a and pheophytin a, respectively. Hence, the SE-RFP was concluded to be a unique insect red fluorescent protein having two photochromic moieties and potent photobiological activity.

EFFECTIVE FORMS OF MARKET ORIENTATION ACROSS THE CHANGING ECONOMIC CYCLE : A LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS

Matti Jaakkola,Iya Churakova,Henrikki Tikkanen,Johanna Frösén 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2014 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2014 No.3

Economic fluctuation has a remarkable influence on firms and their performance (e.g., Deleersnyder, Dekimpe, Sarvavy, & Parker, 2004; Srinivasan, Rangaswamy, & Lilien, 2005). Given the extreme conditions and frequency of recessions (since World War II, recessions have occurred every six years; Srinivasan et al., 2005), understanding what kind of marketing is effective across the different phases of the economic cycle is a crucial question for marketers (e.g., Steenkamp & Fang, 2011; Srinivasan, Lilien, & Sridhar, 2011). In business-to-business markets, characterized by a strong emphasis on long-term customer relationships (e.g., Grönroos, 1997), the ability to gain a deep understanding of customers and their changing needs is a central determinant of firm performance. Therefore, in such markets, market orientation (MO) provides a particularly important source of competitive advantage. During an economic crisis, MO may also serve as an effective shelter against declining firm performance, particularly in industrial markets (Alajoutsijärvi, Klint, & Tikkanen, 2001). The key rationale is that highly market-oriented firms are able to rapidly and accurately identify changes in the marketplace and respond to shifting customer needs and competitors’ actions (Narver & Slater, 1990). While a vast body of literature evidences MO in general to yield performance gains for firms (Kirca, Jayachandran, & Bearden, 2005), some recent studies (e.g., Kumar, Jones, Venkatesan, & Leone, 2011) have questioned this relationship. Recent empirical studies (e.g., De Luca, Verona, & Vicari, 2010; Noble, Sinha, & Kumar, 2002) also propose that the different components of MO (i.e., customer orientation, competitor orientation and interfunctional coordination) may result in different performance outcomes. Furthermore, recent studies have shown the economic environment to play an important role in determining the performance outcomes and, thus, effective forms of MO (cf. Smirnova, Naudé, Henneberg, Mouzas, & Kouchtch, 2011). In this study, using panel data of 140 firms from before and after the great financial crisis, we examine the performance implications of distinct forms of MO 1) over the changing economic cycle 2) among different types of business-to-business focused firms. Employing ordinary least squares regression analysis, our findings suggest that MO and its distinct components yield varying performance impacts from economic upturn to downturn. Specifically, the impact of MO increases during downturn, with interfunctional coordination boosting performance and competitor orientation becoming detrimental. Subsequently, employing configurational analysis (fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis), our findings further indicate that the role and the most effective forms of MO vary across industry sectors, with MO having a particularly strong impact among firms operating in business-to-business services. We also conclude that, in a growing economy the role of MO has become more of a cost of competing (Kumar et al., 2011), whereas in an economic downturn MO still provides a valuable shelter against performance declines. Finally, our empirical findings are in line with contingency arguments, and suggest that the successful ways for a firm to relate with its markets depend on the dynamic firm- and industry-specific settings.

Volcanic aerosol layers observed with multiwavelength Raman lidar over central Europe in 2008-2009

Mattis, Ina,Siefert, Patric,Mü,ller, Detlef,Tesche, Matthias,Hiebsch, Anja,Kanitz, Thomas,Schmidt, Jö,rg,Finger, Fanny,Wandinger, Ulla,Ansmann, Albert American Geophysical Union 2010 Journal of Geophysical Research Vol.115 No.d2

<P>In the framework of regular European Aerosol Research Lidar Network (EARLINET) observations, aerosol layers have been monitored with a multiwavelength aerosol Raman lidar in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere over Leipzig (51.4 degrees N, 12.4 degrees E), Germany, since the summer of 2008. The origins of these layers are eruptions of different volcanoes on the Aleutian Islands, Kamchatka, Alaska, and on the Kuril Islands. FLEXPART transport simulations show that the volcanic aerosol is advected from Alaska to central Europe within about 7 days. The aerosol layers typically occurred in the upper troposphere above 5 km height and in the lower stratosphere below 25 km height. The optical depths of the volcanic aerosol layers are mostly between 0.004 and 0.025 at 532 nm. The wavelength dependence of the backscatter coefficients and extinction coefficients indicate Angstrom exponents from 1.0-2.0. Lidar ratios in the stratosphere are found in the range from 30-60 sr (355 nm) and 30-45 sr (532 nm). The estimation of the effective radius, surface-area, and mass concentrations of a volcanic aerosol layer, observed well within the stratosphere at end of August 2009, reveals values of 0.1-0.2 mu m, 5-10 mu m(2) cm(-3), and 0.3-0.5 mu g m(-3), respectively.</P>

Computerised Corpora and the Study of the History of English

( Matti Rissanen ) 한국영어영문학회 2004 영어 영문학 Vol.50 No.5

Otto Jespersen and the Uses of one

Matti Rissanen 한국영어학학회 2004 영어학연구 Vol.- No.18

In his Modern English Grammar Jespersen gives a thorough description of the varying uses of the prop-word one, which he defines in the following way "One is termed a prop-word when it has the important function of serving as primary on which to hang a secondary which, for some reason or other, cannot very well or conveniently stand alone as a primary" The secondary is most often an adjective, but it may also be a pronoun, a prepositional group or a relative clause, and it may either precede or follow one Jespersen also discusses the uses of one as a pronoun indicating generic person and as a pronoun of "indefinite unity" In my paper I will outline the Middle and Early Modem English development of the pronominal uses of one, with reference to Jespersen's observations on the prop-word The Old English individualizing and intensifying uses which seem to Conn a starting-paint for the development of the pronoun are also referred to The pronominal uses are divided into six groups (1) personal-specific, (2) With indefinite pronouns, (3) substitutive, (4) personal-non-specific, (5) personal-generic, and (6) prop-word This classification is intended to illustrate the gradual grammaticalisation and mutual relationship of the types of the pronominal one As Jespersen was not particularly interested in the Middle English uses of the syntactic types, some of his chronological statements can be corrected His insightfulness and mastery of textual evidence is, however, most praiseworthy and useful even for the scholars of the new millennium.

번역-약속의 땅 미국에는 한국 불교의 여지가 존재하는가?

Matty Wegehaupt 한국불교연구원 2002 佛敎硏究 Vol.18 No.-

Educational differentiation as a determinant of risk behaviour - relationship between educational differentiation and relative inequality in smoking in European comparison

Matti Lindberg,Juho Harkonen 한국사회학회 2018 한국사회학회 심포지움 논문집 Vol.2018 No.5

세계는 : 상호비평가에 관한 에세이, 도대체 누구의 공연인가?

마티리나부오리 ( Matti Linnavuori ) 한국연극평론가협회 2012 연극평론 Vol.65 No.-