Immune Defense of Rats Immunized with Fennel Honey, Propolis, and Bee Venom Against Induced Staphylococcal Infection

Sayed, S.M.,El-Ella, Ghada A. Abou,Wahba, Nahed M.,Nisr, Neveen A. El,Raddad, Khaled,Rahman, M.F. Abd El,Hafeez, M.M. Abd El,Aamer, Ahmed Abd El Fattah The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.3

The objective of this work was to evaluate the potency of bee product-immunized rats to overcome an induced Staphylococcus aureus infection. Forty rats were divided to eight groups: T1, T3, and T5 received, respectively, fennel honey, ethanol, and aqueous propolis extracts orally, and T2, T4, and T6 were administered the respective materials intraperitoneally; T7 received bee venom by the bee sting technique; and T8 was the control group. All groups were challenged by a bovine clinical mastitis isolate of S. aureus. Each rat received 2mL of broth inoculated with $1{\times}10^5$ colony-forming units/mL intraperitoneally. Two weeks post-induced infection all rats were sacrificed and eviscerated for postmortem inspection and histopathological study. Three rats from T8 and one rat from T7 died before sacrifice. Another two rats, one each in T4 and T5, had morbidity manifestations. The remaining experimental animals showed apparently healthy conditions until time of sacrifice. Postmortem inspection revealed that all T8 rats showed different degrees of skeletal muscle and internal organ paleness with scattered focal pus nodules mainly on lungs and livers. All rats of the treated groups showed normal postmortem features except three rats. A dead rat in group T7 showed focal pus nodules on the lung surface only, whereas the affected two rats in groups T4 and T5 appeared normal except with some pus nodules, but much smaller than in the control, scattered on the hepatic surface and mesentery. Histopathological studies revealed that T8 rats had typical suppurative bronchopneumonia and or severe degenerative and necrobiotic changes in hepatic tissues. Three affected rats of the treated groups showed slight bronchopneumonia or degenerative hepatic changes only. The other animals of the treated groups showed completely normal parenchymatous organs with stimulated lymphatic tissues. It was concluded that all tested previously bee product-immunized rats could significantly challenge the induced S. aureus infection (P < .01). The effects were more pronounced in rats that had received fennel honey solution.

Dissipation pattern and risk quotients assessment of amisulbrom in Korean melon cultivated in plastic house conditions

Kabir, Md. Humayun,Abd El-Aty, A. M.,Rahman, Md. Musfiqur,Chung, Hyung Suk,Lee, Han Sol,Park, Sun-Hyang,Hacımü,ftü,of,lu, Fazil,Chang, Byung-Joon,Shin, Ho-Chul,Shim, Jae-Han Springer-Verlag 2017 Environmental monitoring and assessment Vol.189 No.6

Uptake of the veterinary antibiotics chlortetracycline, enrofloxacin, and sulphathiazole from soil by radish

Chung, Hyung Suk,Lee, Young-Jun,Rahman, Md. Musfiqur,Abd El-Aty, A.M.,Lee, Han Sol,Kabir, Md. Humayun,Kim, Sung Woo,Park, Byung-Jun,Kim, Jang-Eok,Hacımü,ftü,of,lu, Fazil,Nahar, Nilufar,Sh Elsevier BV 2017 Science of the Total Environment Vol.605 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Veterinary antibiotics are available for uptake by the plants through sources such as manure, irrigation, and atmospheric interaction. The present study was conducted to estimate the half-lives of three veterinary antibiotics, chlortetracycline (CTC), enrofloxacin (ENR), and sulphathiazole (STZ), in soil and experimentally explore their uptake from contaminated soil to radish roots and leaves. Samples were extracted using a modified citrate-buffered version of the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe “QuEChERS” method followed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometric analysis (LC–MS/MS) in the positive ion mode. Good linearity was observed for the three tested antibiotics in soil and plants (roots and leaves) with high coefficients of determination (<I>R</I> <SUP>2</SUP> ≥0.9922). The average recovery rates at two spiking levels with three replicates per level ranged between 77.1 and 114.8%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD)≤19.9% for all tested drugs. In a batch incubation experiment (<I>in vitro</I> study), the half-lives of CTC, ENR, and STZ ranged from 2.0–6.1, 2.2–4.5, and 1.1–2.2days, respectively. Under greenhouse conditions, the half-lives of the three target antibiotics in soil with and without radishes were 2.5–6.9 and 2.7–7.4; 4.7–16.7 and 10.3–14.6; and 4.4–4.9 and 2.5–2.8days, respectively. Trace amounts of the target antibiotics (CTC, ENR, and STZ) were taken up from soil <I>via</I> roots and entered the leaves of radishes. The concentration of CTC was lower than 2.73%, ENR was 0.08–3.90%, and <1.64% STZ was uptaken. In conclusion, the concentrations of the tested antibiotics decreased with time and consequently lower residues were observed in the radishes. The rapid degradation of the tested antibiotics in the present study might have only little impact on soil microorganisms, fauna, and plants.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A method to estimate the half-life of veterinary antibiotics in soil was developed. </LI> <LI> Veterinary antibiotic uptake rate by radish from contaminated soil was determined. </LI> <LI> The half-lives of antibiotics in soil with and without radishes did not differ. </LI> <LI> Trace antibiotic residue levels moved to roots and leaves from contaminated soil. </LI> <LI> We elucidate residual antibiotic transplantation and antibiotic tolerance in soil. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

A quick and effective methodology for analyzing dinotefuran and its highly polar metabolites in plum using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Rahman, Md. Musfiqur,Abd El-Aty, A.M.,Kabir, Md. Humayun,Chung, Hyung Suk,Lee, Han Sol,Hacımü,ftü,of,lu, Fazil,Jeong, Ji Hoon,Chang, Byung-Joon,Shin, Ho-Chul,Shim, Jae-Han Elsevier 2018 Food chemistry Vol.239 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A simple and effective method was developed for analyzing dinotefuran and its three metabolites (MNG, UF, and DN) in plum using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Due to the polarity and high water miscibility, dinotefuran and some of its metabolites (especially DN) have some limitations to be extracted with acetonitrile and salt following the “QuEChERS” sample preparation methodology. Alternatively, the samples were extracted with methanol, and purified with dispersive-solid phase extraction procedure (d-SPE) using primary secondary amine (PSA) and C<SUB>18</SUB> sorbents after filtration, and mass up. Due to the suppression effect originated from plum matrix, matrix-matched calibration curves, which provided good linearity with coefficient of determination (<I>R<SUP>2</SUP> </I>)≥0.998, were used for quantification of all analytes. Blank plum samples fortified with 2 spiking levels (10×LOQ and 50×LOQ) yielded satisfactory recoveries for all tested analytes in the range of 83.01 to 110.18% with relative standard deviation (RSD)≤8.91. The method was successfully applied to field-incurred plum samples and dinotefuran and all metabolites were positively detected and quantified. In conclusion, we suggest that the method can be expanded to polar compounds having solvent and partitioning problems in any of the versions of QuEChERS.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A simultaneous method was developed for dinotefuran and its highly polar metabolites in plum. </LI> <LI> Mass-up was introduced instead of salting out for exact quantitation. </LI> <LI> Internal standard is not needed for the newly developed methodology. </LI> <LI> The method can be used either as it is or with slight modification in other matrices. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Immune Defense of Rats Immunized with Fennel Honey, Propolis, and Bee Venom Against Induced Staphylococcal Infection

S.M. Sayed,Ghada A. Abou El-Ella,Nahed M. Wahba,Neveen A. El Nisr,Khaled Raddad,M.F. Abd El Rahman,M.M. Abd El Hafeez,Ahmed Abd El Fattah Aamer 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.3

The objective of this work was to evaluate the potency of bee product-immunized rats to overcome an induced Staphylococcus aureus infection. Forty rats were divided to eight groups: T1, T3, and T5 received, respectively, fennel honey, ethanol, and aqueous propolis extracts orally, and T2, T4, and T6 were administered the respective materials intraperitoneally; T7 received bee venom by the bee sting technique; and T8 was the control group. All groups were challenged by a bovine clinical mastitis isolate of S. aureus. Each rat received 2mL of broth inoculated with 1×105 colony-forming units/mL intraperitoneally. Two weeks post-induced infection all rats were sacrificed and eviscerated for postmortem inspection and histopathological study. Three rats from T8 and one rat from T7 died before sacrifice. Another two rats, one each in T4 and T5, had morbidity manifestations. The remaining experimental animals showed apparently healthy conditions until time of sacrifice. Postmortem inspection revealed that all T8 rats showed different degrees of skeletal muscle and internal organ paleness with scattered focal pus nodules mainly on lungs and livers. All rats of the treated groups showed normal postmortem features except three rats. A dead rat in group T7 showed focal pus nodules on the lung surface only, whereas the affected two rats in groups T4 and T5 appeared normal except with some pus nodules, but much smaller than in the control, scattered on the hepatic surface and mesentery. Histopathological studies revealed that T8 rats had typical suppurative bronchopneumonia and or severe degenerative and necrobiotic changes in hepatic tissues. Three affected rats of the treated groups showed slight bronchopneumonia or degenerative hepatic changes only. The other animals of the treated groups showed completely normal parenchymatous organs with stimulated lymphatic tissues. It was concluded that all tested previously bee product-immunized rats could significantly challenge the induced S. aureus infection (P<.01). The effects were more pronounced in rats that had received fennel honey solution.

Short and Long RC Columns with Internal WWM Reinforcement under Concentric and Eccentric Compression

Ahmed M. El-Kholy,Safaa F. Abd El-Rahman,Mohamed M. El-Assaly 한국콘크리트학회 2023 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.17 No.3

Recently, various types of steel meshes were used as additional internal reinforcement for improving the confinement, ductility, and strength of the reinforced concrete (RC) columns. In this experimental study, a welded wire mesh (WWM) layer was used as an internal reinforcement in addition to the traditional steel reinforcement (longitudinal bars and transverse ties) for short and long RC columns under concentric and eccentric compression. Thirty-six square RC columns with two slenderness ratios λ (height to width ratio) of 9 and 18 were tested under compression with eccentricity ratios e/t (eccentricity to section thickness ratio) of 0, 0.13, and 0.26. The reference columns were traditionally reinforced with longitudinal steel bars and transverse ties with a reference volumetric ratio ρr of 0.44%. The other columns comprised a WWM layer wrapped outside the ties whose volumetric ratio ranged from 0.22% to 0.44%. The results demonstrated that the columns reinforced with a WWM layer in addition to traditional reinforcement showed an improvement in ductility and strength compared to those reinforced with longitudinal bars and transverse ties only. A WWM layer increased the ultimate load of the columns comprising ρr ties by approximately 16% and 9% for short and long columns, respectively. These improvements were proportional to the ties volumetric ratio.