A Case Study of Industrial and Commercial Bank of China(ICBC) Overseas Business Development and Cross‐border Mergers and Acquisitions

Linan Wang,Sang Wook Lee,Shin Ae Kang 한국국제경영관리학회 2013 국제경영리뷰 Vol.17 No.3

중국공상은행(Industrial And Commercial Bank of China)은 총자산기준 및 시장가치에 있어 중국내 1위 상업은행이며 광범위한 고객층을 보유하고 있다. 중국공상은행은 21년간의 변혁을 통 해 총자산, 수익률 등 각종지표에서 중국내 1위 기업으로 자리매김하였다. 지난 수년간 중국공상 은행은 경제의 글로벌화와 금융통합에 발맞추어 국제화전략을 활발히 수행하여왔다. 중국공상은행의 해외지점들은 무역거래에 필요한 다양한 서비스, 편리한 송금서비스 및 기업 공개서비스 등을 제공하고 있다. 해외지점들은 유명한 기업들과 적극 협력하여 수익을 창출하고 있으며, 중국공상은행은 국내기업뿐만 아니라 외국기업과 개인들에게도 이러한 서비스를 제공하 고 있다. 또한 해외지점들은 현지 유명기업과의 적극적인 협력을 통해 수익을 창출하고 있고, 해 외지점들은 각 국가별 사업특성에 적응하고 있다. 2012년 6월말 현재, 중국공상은행은 해외네트워크로 34개국 252개 지점을 소유하고 있다. 중국 공상은행은 해외진출을 위해 조직적이고, 시장수요에 맞는 상품을 다양한 채널을 통해 효율적으 로 제공하여왔다. 이에 해외사업부분은 중국공상은행의 총자산의 5%로 성장하였다. 중국공상은행 은 국제인수합병 초기인 2000년대 초반에 홍콩시장에 적극적으로 진출하여 성공적으로 인수합병 을 진행한 경험을 보유하고 있다. 이러한 경험을 통해 중국공상은행은 적극적인 해외시장진입을 통해 중국내 최대상업은행에서 세계적인 은행으로 발돋움하고 있다. By market value, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China(ICBC) is the largest commercial bank and possesses the largest client base. ICBC has gone through 21 years of development. In terms of many core metrics such as total property, total capital, core capital, and, business profits, ICBC is a leader in the domestic market. ICBC is incomparably superior to other internationalized banks in China. Over the years, owing to ICBC’s ability to adapt to economic globalization and financial integration, it has actively promoted the international development strategy. ICBC overseas branches provide a full range of trade finance services, personal pre-settlement remittances for foreign institutions and IPO customer service. These services provide convenience to not only Chinese enterprises overseas and at home but also foreign enterprises and individuals that have trade contacts with China. Branches actively cooperate with local well-known enterprises, mutually profiting and creating common progress and development. Every branch adapts to the business characteristics of each country. By the end of June 2012, ICBC's overseas business network extended to 34 countries and regions, with a total of 252 overseas branches, but the property and profit of ICBC’s overseas organization accounted for 5% of the banks total assets and gross profits. In the initial stages of the M&A activities, ICBC was very active in the Hong Kong market. ICBC’s two large M&A initiatives in the Hong Kong market and the M&A activities involving the Bank of East Asia (America) are very representative of the bank’s M&A efforts. Because ICBC has many customers and focuses on several business areas, ICBC can take advantage of its position as the largest commercial bank in China to become a global market leader by conducting cross-border mergers and acquisitions to expand overseas operations.

Beneficial Influence of Nanoparticles on the Strengths and Microstructural Properties of Non-dispersible Underwater Concrete

Yaoyu Wang,Linan Gu,Lihua Zhao 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.11

This paper describes research into the effectiveness of using various nanomaterials, admixtures, and fibers as concrete additives to increase the compressive strength of non-dispersible underwater concrete (NUC). The suitable content of nanomaterials, admixtures, and fibers was determined based on slump tests, cement mass loss, and compressive strength tests for specimens. X–ray diffraction (XRD), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to identify the crystalline composition and microstructure characteristics of the modified NUCs. The results showed that the addition of nano-SiO2 or nanometakaolin significantly increased the compressive strength of the NUC. The compressive strength of the NUC containing 3% nano-SiO2 or 5% nano-metakaolin increased by 33.5% or 26.4% at 3 days, respectively, and by 52.1% or 32.6% at 28 days, respectively. XRD, MIP, and SEM showed that the nano-SiO2 and nanometakaolin filled internal pores and initiated a pozzolanic effect, making the NUC more complex and increasing its density. The nanomaterials altered the internal structure of the NUC and thus increased its compressive strength. The recommended additives to NUC will make NUC better able to resist a damaging seawater environment, and they have usage potential for real projects.

The Stress-Responsive and Host-Oriented Role of Nonribosomal Peptide Synthetases in an Entomopathogenic Fungus, Beauveria bassiana

( Hang Liu ),( Linan Xie ),( Jing Wang ),( Qiannan Guo ),( Shengnan Yang ),( Pei Liang ),( Chengshu Wang ),( Min Lin ),( Yuquan Xu ),( Liwen Zhang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.3

Beauveria bassiana infects a number of pest species and is known to produce insecticidal substances, such as the nonribosomal peptides (NRPs) beauvericin and bassianolide. However, most NRPs and their biological roles in B. bassiana remain undiscovered. To identify NRPs that potentially contribute to pathogenesis, the 21 predicted NRP synthetases (NRPSs) or NRPS-like proteins of B. bassiana ARSEF 2860 were primarily ranked into three functional groups: basic metabolism (7 NRPSs), pathogenicity (12 NRPSs), and unknown function (2 NRPSs). Based on the transcript levels during in vivo growth on diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus)), half of the Group II NRPSs were likely to be involved in infection. Given that the metabolites biosynthesized by these NRPSs remain to be determined, our result underlines the importance of the NRPSome in fungal pathogenesis, and will serve as a guide for future genomic mining projects to discover functionally essential and structurally diverse NRPs in fungal genomes.

Full-scale measurements of wind effects and modal parameter identification of Yingxian wooden tower

Chen, Bo,Yang, Qingshan,Wang, Ke,Wang, Linan Techno-Press 2013 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.17 No.6

The Yingxian wooden tower in China is currently the tallest wooden tower in the world. It was built in 1056 AD and is 65.86 m high. Field measurements of wind speed and wind-induced response of this tower are conducted. The wind characteristics, including the average wind speed, wind direction, turbulence intensity, gust factor, turbulence integral length scale and velocity spectrum are investigated. The power spectral density and the root-mean-square wind-induced acceleration are analyzed. The structural modal parameters of this tower are identified with two different methods, including the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) combined with the Random Decrement Technique (RDT) and Hilbert transform technique, and the stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method. Results show that strong wind is coming predominantly from the West-South of the tower which is in the same direction as the inclination of the structure. The Von Karman spectrum can describe the spectrum of wind speed well. Wind-induced torsional vibration obviously occurs in this tower. The natural frequencies identified by EMD, RDT and Hilbert Transform are close to those identified by SSI method, but there is obvious difference between the identified damping ratios for the first two modes.

Fabrication of Si3N4/SiC nanocomposites by spark plasma sintering of amorphous SiCN powders derived from a polymeric precursor

Zhipeng Xie,Weiyou Yang,Zhenkun Fan,Huatao Wang,Hezhuo Miao,Linan An 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2006 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.7 No.4

Si3N4/SiC nanocomposites were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) of amorphous SiCN ceramic powders derived from a polymeric precursor with 3 wt% yttria as an additive. It was found that the SPS parameters, such as sintering temperature, dwell time, pressure and heating rate, remarkably affected the density and grain size of the nanocomposites obtained. This provided a new method to fabricate Si3N4/SiC nanocomposites without applying the high pressure and high sintering temperature used by the conventional process. Si3N4/SiC nanocomposites were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) of amorphous SiCN ceramic powders derived from a polymeric precursor with 3 wt% yttria as an additive. It was found that the SPS parameters, such as sintering temperature, dwell time, pressure and heating rate, remarkably affected the density and grain size of the nanocomposites obtained. This provided a new method to fabricate Si3N4/SiC nanocomposites without applying the high pressure and high sintering temperature used by the conventional process.

Full-scale measurements of wind effects and modal parameter identification of Yingxian wooden tower

Bo Chen,Qingshan Yang,Ke Wang,Linan Wang 한국풍공학회 2013 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.17 No.6

The Yingxian wooden tower in China is currently the tallest wooden tower in the world. It was built in 1056 AD and is 65.86 m high. Field measurements of wind speed and wind-induced response of this tower are conducted. The wind characteristics, including the average wind speed, wind direction, turbulence intensity, gust factor, turbulence integral length scale and velocity spectrum are investigated. The power spectral density and the root-mean-square wind-induced acceleration are analyzed. The structural modal parameters of this tower are identified with two different methods, including the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) combined with the Random Decrement Technique (RDT) and Hilbert transform technique, and the stochastic subspace identification (SSI) method. Results show that strong wind is coming predominantly from the West-South of the tower which is in the same direction as the inclination of the structure. The Von Karman spectrum can describe the spectrum of wind speed well. Wind-induced torsional vibration obviously occurs in this tower. The natural frequencies identified by EMD, RDT and Hilbert Transform are close to those identified by SSI method , but there is obvious difference between the identified damping ratios for the first two modes.