STRONG LENS TIME DELAY CHALLENGE. II. RESULTS OF TDC1

Liao, Kai,Treu, Tommaso,Marshall, Phil,Fassnacht, Christopher D.,Rumbaugh, Nick,Dobler, Gregory,Aghamousa, Amir,Bonvin, Vivien,Courbin, Frederic,Hojjati, Alireza,Jackson, Neal,Kashyap, Vinay,Rathna Ku IOP Publishing 2015 The Astrophysical journal Vol.800 No.1

<P>We present the results of the first strong lens time delay challenge. The motivation, experimental design, and entry level challenge are described in a companion paper. This paper presents the main challenge, TDC1, which consisted of analyzing thousands of simulated light curves blindly. The observational properties of the light curves cover the range in quality obtained for current targeted efforts (e.g., COSMOGRAIL) and expected from future synoptic surveys (e.g., LSST), and include simulated systematic errors. Seven teams participated in TDC1, submitting results from 78 different method variants. After describing each method, we compute and analyze basic statisticsmeasuring accuracy (or bias) A, goodness of fit chi(2), precision P, and success rate f. For some methods we identify outliers as an important issue. Other methods show that outliers can be controlled via visual inspection or conservative quality control. Several methods are competitive, i.e., give vertical bar A vertical bar < 0.03, P < 0.03, and chi(2) < 1.5, with some of the methods already reaching sub-percent accuracy. The fraction of light curves yielding a time delay measurement is typically in the range f = 20%-40%. It depends strongly on the quality of the data: COSMOGRAIL-quality cadence and light curve lengths yield significantly higher f than does sparser sampling. Taking the results of TDC1 at face value, we estimate that LSST should provide around 400 robust time-delay measurements, each with P < 0.03 and vertical bar A vertical bar < 0.01, comparable to current lens modeling uncertainties. In terms of observing strategies, we find that A and f depend mostly on season length, while P depends mostly on cadence and campaign duration.</P>

The United States Special Operations Forces’ Pivot to Great Power Competition and Its Implications for China

Kai Liao 한국국방연구원 2023 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.35 No.3

As the United States has made great power competition a central tenet of its national security strategy, the primary mission of the U.S. Special Operations Forces (SOF) has shifted from counterterrorism to great power competition accordingly. SOF’s capabilities in the information domain, and its relationships with sub-state and non-state partners are major advantages in the “gray zone.” Three branches of SOF are major actors operating in the gray zone: psychological operations forces that conduct information and psychological warfare in remote regions; civil affairs soldiers who gather intelligence and carry out influence operations in remote and politically sensitive regions; Special forces that motivate and advise local forces to conduct proxy operations for the United States. SOF’s pivot to great power competition can threaten China’s overseas interests, destabilize its periphery, and challenge its territorial integrity. In response, some Chinese private security companies (PSCs) are developing information capabilities and cultivating relationships with sub-state and non-state actors to compete for influence with SOF. The potential rivalry between SOF and Chinese PSCs may turn countries along the Belt and Road Initiative into playgrounds for great power competition and increase the possibility of armed conflicts between the two great powers.

Research On The Influence of We-Chat Applet On Improving User Experience

Kai Liao(리아오카이),Junlin Wang(왕준림) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2021 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.26 No.8

위챗 애플릿에 대해 측정 할수 있는 척도가 없고 현재 대부분의 위챗 애플릿은 기존 어플리케이션에 접목 되어 사용 하며 대부분 쇼핑/생활/음식 등 카테고리를 적용 범위로 다루고 있습니다. 하여 본 연구는 QIMAI데이터 네트워크를 통해 쇼핑/생활/음식 관련 카테고리 어플리케이션 중 5위 이내의 어플리케이션의 고객이 리뷰한 댓글을 수집 하고 그중 문자 분석을 통해 가장 많이 사용 되는 키워드를 통계하여 본 연구에 적합한 수치를 추출 하며 실증 연구 하는것을 목적으로 하고 있습니다. 위챗 애플릿은 사용자가 다운로드 및 설치를 하지 않아도 사용이 가능한 서비스 이기에 기업과 사용자 간의 즉각적인 대응이 실현 되고 더욱 나아가 고객이 편리하게 상품을 찾을 수 있는 채널 이며 더욱 좋은 가성비로 고객 확보가 가능한 서비스 입니다. 따라서 위챗 애플릿 연구 함으로 고객 체험을 향상 시키고 위챗 애플릿을 통해 기업의 자체 트래픽을 만들고 장기적인 시장 경쟁력을 달성 할수 있습니다. Since there are almost no scales for measuring the size of We-Chat applets, and most of the existing We-Chat applets are grafted through the original APP application, At present, the application scope of We-chat applets which is mainly in /shopping/life/food application. Thus, the purpose of this research is to focus on the iPhone app store, collect data on the top five of APP-STORE through users" comments and The high-frequency words will be obtained for statistics, and the variables of this study will be set up. Last, develop relevant Empirical research on the size and measurement scale of the We-Chat applet. Therefore, how to use We-Chat applets to improve user experience, we can create their own user private domain traffic for We-Chat applets and achieve long-term market competitiveness.

Roles of the Hsp90-Calcineurin Pathway in the Antifungal Activity of Honokiol

( Kai Liao ),( Lingmei Sun ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.7

Honokiol, a bioactive compound isolated from the cone and bark of Magnolia officinalis, has been shown to have various activities including inhibition of the growth of Candida albicans. We investigated the roles of the Hsp90-calcineurin pathway in the antifungal activity of honokiol. The pharmacologic tool was employed to evaluate the effects of Hsp90 and calcineurin in the antifungal activity of honokiol. We also evaluated the protective effects of the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA) on honokiol-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by the fluorescence staining method. The Hsp90 inhibitor potentiated the antifungal activity of honokiol. A C. albicans strain with the calcineurin gene deleted displayed enhanced sensitivity to honokiol. However, co-treatment with calcineurin inhibitor CsA attenuated the cytotoxic activity of honokiol due to the protective effect on mitochondria. Our results provide insight into the action mechanism of honokiol.

친환경 전통미장재료로서 사벽(砂壁) 벽체의 내구성 평가

료효개(Liao Xiao-Kai),김동훈(Kim, Dong-Hun),임남기(Lim, Nam-Gi),이권영(Lee, Kweon-Yeong) 대한건축학회 2016 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.36 No.2

친환경 전통미장재료를 혼입한 사벽용 벽체의 내구성 평가

료효개 ( Liao Xiao-kai ),김동훈 ( Kim Dong-hun ),임남기 ( Lim Nam-gi ) 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2017 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.21 No.1

The In the experiment on flow using sand walls, when white clay + sand was mixed with glutinous rice, traditional paper and seaweed as adherents and preventive measures for cracks, the flow was higher than other sand wall mortars. This indicates that it is effective in improving flow. Moreover, in terms of strength, a mix of white clay+ sand, traditional paper and flour had a greater strength than a mix of white clay + sand, straws and flour. In the experiment to test for cracks and shrinking during drying, a composition of white clay + sand + traditional paper showed fewer cracks and less shrinking than the walls where straws were mixed in.

친환경 미장재료로서 사벽재료를 혼입한 모르타르 및 벽체의 기초적 물성

료효개 ( Liao Xiao-kai ),김동훈 ( Kim Dong-hun ),임남기 ( Lim Nam-gi ) 한국건축시공학회 2017 한국건축시공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.17 No.1

The In the experiment on flow using sand walls, when white clay+sand was mixed with glutinous rice, traditional paper and seaweed as adherents and preventive measures for cracks, the flow was higher than other sand wall mortars. This indicates that it is effective in improving flow. Moreover, in terms of strength, a mix of white clay+sand, traditional paper and flour had a greater strength than a mix of white clay+sand, straws and flour. In the experiment to test for cracks and shrinking during drying, a composition of white clay+sand+traditional paper showed fewer cracks and less shrinking than the walls where straws were mixed in.

공동충전재로써 각종 산업부산물을 활용한 CLSM의 현장적용 가능성 평가

료효개(Xiao-kai Liao),김동훈(Dong-Hun Kim) 한국건설순환자원학회 2020 한국건설순환자원학회 논문집 Vol.8 No.4

본 연구에서는 다량의 산업부산물 및 폐기물을 안전하게 유효 활용할 수 있는 CLSM의 기초적 물성시험을 통해 FA 및 잔골재의 대체 재료로써 GBFS 및 FNS, FGB의 적용가능성을 검토하였다. 나아가, 도로 및 노면하부, 포토홀 등의 공동충전재로서의 현장적용 가능성에 대해서도 검토하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, GBFS 및 FNS, FGB를 활용한 CLSM의 경우 GBFS 및 FNS는 각각 30% 이상, FGB는 5% 이내에서 적정 혼합하면 현장적용을 위한 유동성 개선에 유효한 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, GF15B5는 Base 대비 동등 정도의 블리딩율이 GF30B5는 Base 대비 0.17% 정도 블리딩을 억제할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, Base 대비 GF15는 0.2%, GF30 및 GF45는 각각 0.26% 및 0.3% 정도 블리딩을 억제할 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 셋째, GF15B5 및 GF30B5 모두 7일 강도가 0.4MPa을 초과하여 현장적용을 만족하였고 또한, 초기강도의 증가비율이 Base 대비 각각 323% 및 233% 높게 나타나는 것으로 파악되었다. 또한, GF의 경우도 현장적용을 위한 7일 강도가 0.2MPa 이상을 모두 만족하였고 Base 대비 GF15는 160%, GF30 및 GF45는 각각 237% 및 185% 정도의 높은 강도증가비율이 확인되었다. 넷째, GBFS 및 FNS, FGB를 복합적으로 활용한 CLSM의 경우 Cr의 농도가 비교적 높게 용출되는 것으로 파악되어 대량의 지하수 및 침투수가 유입되는 환경하에서는 Cr의 용출에 의한 환경적 안전성 검토가 이루어져야 할 것으로 판단된다. In this research, a physical property test of CLSM, which can safely and effectively utilize a great number of industrial byproducts and waste types, was used to review the applicability of GBFS, FNS, and FGB, as well as their field applicabilities as cavity fillers, and the following conclusions have been reached. first, For CLSM utilizing GBFS, FNS, and FGB, it was revealed that a proper mixing of over 30% of GBFS and FNS or within 5% of FGB is effective in improving the fluidity for field application. second, It was revealed that GF15B5 can suppress bleeding at a similar level as the base, whereas GF30B5 can do so at about 0.17% compared to the base. It was also verified that GF15, GF30, and GF45 can suppress bleeding at about 0.2%, 0.26%, and 0.3%, respectively, compared to the base. third, Both GF15B5 and GF30B5 exceeded 0.4MPa in 7day strength tests to satisfy the field application and, also, the rates of increase of their initial strengths were found to be 323% and 233% higher than the base, respectively. Meanwhile, the 7day strength test of GF, which utilizes GBFS and FNS, also reached over 0.2MPa for field application, and it was revealed that GF15, GF30, and GF45 show 160%, 237%, and 185% higher strength increase rates, respectively, compared to the base.

Flutter suppression of long-span suspension bridge with truss girder

Kai Wang,Haili Liao,Mingshui Li 한국풍공학회 2016 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.23 No.5

Section model wind tunnel test is currently the main technique to investigate the flutter performance of long-span bridges. Further study about applying the wind tunnel test results to the aerodynamic optimization is still needed. Systematical parameters and test principle of the bridge section model are determined by using three long-span steel truss suspension bridges. The flutter critical wind at different attack angles is obtained through section model flutter test. Under the most unfavorable working condition, tests to investigate the effects that upper central stabilized plate, lower central stabilized plate and horizontal stabilized plate have on the flutter performance of the main beam were conducted. According to the test results, the optimal aerodynamic measure was chosen to meet the requirements of the bridge wind resistance in consideration of safety, economy and aesthetics. At last the credibility of the results is confirmed by full bridge aerodynamic elastic model test. That the flutter reduced wind speed of long-span steel truss suspension bridges stays approximately between 4 to 5 is concluded as a reference for the investigation of the flutter performance of future similar steel truss girder suspension bridges.

A Graph-Based Matching Algorithm on Sub-Sequence of Near Duplicated Video

Liao Ruihua,Zhao Kai 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.11

As to solving the effectiveness and efficiency problem in the process of detecting the near duplicated video, we the thesis proposes a graph-based matching algorithm on sub-sequence of near duplicated video. The method will built similarity researching results based on the features of key frames feature into the query matching diagram, and then the near duplicated video detection is converted into a problem of searching the longest path in the matching results graph. As for its main advantage, firstly, it can find the best matching sequence in many cluttered matching results, which can effectively exclude a lot of noises brought by certain false “high similarity” matching, thus to some extent it can compensate the deficiencies of the underlying characterization force. Secondly, because it fully understands and uses the timing characteristics of the video sequences, the positioning accuracy of near duplicated video is with a high degree. Finally, multiple discrete paths existing in the matching results graphs are automatically detected, thus the situation where two video segments may exist several near duplicated videos can be detected once time. Experimental results show that the graph-based matching algorithm on video sub sequence improve the detection accuracy, at the same time improve the detection efficiency, which achieved good practice effect.