Comparison and Analysis of Street Tree in Beijing, China, and Daejeon, South Korea : Mainly focused on species diversity

Li Zhi Hua, Seo Byung Key, Li Zhi Hui 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2011 自然科學論文集 Vol.22 No.1

중국 북경과 한국 대전의 가로수 비교 분석을 통해서 가로수의 다양성과 생태적, 미적 그리고 사회기능성을 높이기 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 문헌조사와 현지답사를 통해 수행한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 두 도시의 공통점은 가로수의 종 다양성이 낮으면서도 일부 수종이 큰 비율을 차지하고 있다는 점과, 상록수의 비율이 매우 낮았다는 점, 그리고 대전의 일부 가로수 구간에서 지피식물과 혼식하여 좀 더 풍부한 경관을 창출한 것을 제외하고는, 가로수의 배치 형태 또한 두 도시 모두 단순한 열식형태라는 점과 가로수 수령이 높지 않다는 점을 들 수 있다. 차이점으로는 북경 가로수는 외래종의 비율이 6.3%로 낮은 반면 대전 가로수는 외래종의 비율이 66.1%로 월등히 높아서 대전의 지역특성을 나타내지 못하였다는 점이 가장 컸다. 하지만 북경 가로수의 관리 상태는 대전의 가로수에 비해 양호한 편은 아닌 것으로 보였다. 한편, 화목류, 단풍이 예쁘게 드는 수종, 열매를 볼 수 있는 수종 등은 색감이 좋을 뿐만 아니라 계절감을 제공해 주므로 두 도시 모두 더 많이 도입할 필요가 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

Energy and exergy analysis of gas turbine combined cycle with exhaust gas recirculation under part-load conditions

Keying Li,Jinling Chi,Shijie Zhang 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.5

This paper presents the energy and exergy analysis of the gas turbine combined cycle during part-load operation under the exhaust gas recirculation - inlet/variable guide vane control (EGR-IGVC) strategy. The exergy destruction across each component and the energy and exergy efficiency of the topping, bottoming, and combined cycle are determined. Results show that EGR-IGVC and IGVC both effectively enhance the part-load efficiency of the combined cycle compared to fuel flow control (FFC) because higher turbine exhaust temperature allows more exergy to enter the bottoming cycle and increases bottoming cycle power output. However, EGR-IGVC decreases the bottoming cycle energy and exergy efficiency compared with IGVC. Even so, EGR-IGVC increases the topping cycle energy and exergy efficiency and can obtain a higher bottoming cycle power output. The combined cycle efficiency is enhanced by 0.97-1.21 percentage points over IGVC at 40 %-90 % loads. Exergy analysis has important guiding significance for further improving the part-load performance of the combined cycle.

Aldol-Like Carbon-Carbon Condensation for Pyridyl Substituted Chlorins

Li, Jia-Zhu,Cui, Bing-Cun,Wang, Jin-Jun,Shim, Young-Key Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.7

Highly efficient synthesis of novel methyl 13²-methylene mesopyropheophorbide <i>a</i> and its stereoselective Michael addition reaction

Li, Jiazhu,Liu, Yang,Xu, Xi-Sen,Li, Yan-Long,Zhang, Shan-Guo,Yoon, Il,Shim, Young Key,Wang, Jin-Jun,Yin, Jun-Gang The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry Vol.13 No.7

<P>Treatment of methyl mesopyropheophorbide <I>a</I> with formaldehyde under basic conditions gave a novel 13<SUP>2</SUP>-methylene derivative in 85% yield; under acidic conditions, the corresponding 20-hydroxymethyl derivative was obtained in 65% yield. The high reactivity of the enone structural motif existed in the former product provides a unique way to construct some novel chlorophyll <I>a</I> derivatives for various applications. Stereoselective Michael reaction of this compound is studied and discussed.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>pH-Dependent regioselective condensation of methyl mesopyropheophorbide <I>a</I> with HCHO is studied and stereoselective Michael reaction of the 13<SUP>2</SUP>-methylene product is also discussed. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4ob02491e'> </P>

A novel UiO-66-NH2/graphene oxide composite thin membrane for retarding membrane wetting in membrane distillation

Fangqing Li,Lin Chen,Yufei Wei,Zhiwei Yin,Keying Que 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.123 No.-

Membrane distillation (MD) is considered an emerging desalination technology. However, the presenceof surfactants allows liquid to penetrate the membrane, resulting in membrane wetting, which hindersthe commercialization of MD. In this study, we use very few modified materials to prepare novel Janusthin membranes that immobilize modified materials (graphene oxide (GO) and UiO-66-NH2) on polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) hydrophobic base membranes via crosslinkers. The composite thin membraneproperties with eight different ratios and contents of GO and UiO-66-NH2 were fabricated and testedby a feed solution of sodium chloride containing a high concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate. An optimalratio of Janus membrane with high flux without affecting the effluent water quality was obtained. The Janus membrane exhibited excellent anti-wetting properties compared to the original PTFE membrane. A desalination rate of up to 99.9% was still available even under 48 h of long-term operating conditionsby maintaining a flux of approximately 21.2 L/(m2h). The anti-wetting mechanism of thismembrane was further confirmed by the modified XDLVO model. It suggested that the novel Janus membranecould be a highly promising substitute to the MD process for the resource-based treatment ofsurfactant-containing wastewater, which played an important role in promoting its application.

Aldol-Like Carbon-Carbon Condensation for Pyridyl Substituted Chlorins

Jia-Zhu Li,Young Key Shim,Bing-Cun Cui,Jin-Jun Wang 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.7

중소기업 제품을 위한 RAMS 프로세스에서 Safety Barrier와 Barrier Function에 대한 연구

이창룡(Chang Long Li),정호형,이기서(Key Seo Lee) 한국철도학회 2013 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.5

본 논문은 중소기업 제품을 위한 RAMS 프로세스에서 시스템 정의의 안전장벽과 기능장벽의 정의로부터 시스템정의 방법과 위험분석방법에 대하여 연구하였다.RAMS 프로세스는 국제규격인 IEC 62278의 규정에 따라 V-Cycle의 컨셉, 시스템 정의, 리스크 분석, 시스템 요구사항, 디자인 및 수행, 제작, 설치 단계로 구성이 된다. 컨셉과 시스템 정의 단계에서는 기능안전부분을 safety barrier와 barrier function으로 분석하고 위험분석은 시스템 FMEA를 통하여 분석한다. 위험분석은 시스템정의와 응용환경을 기본으로 하고 있으므로 RAMS 프로세스에서 중요한 위치에 있다. This paper present RAMS process of Safety Barrier and Barrier Functions for the product of small and medium enterprise. RAMS process is consist of 12 phase in general. And this paper will outline 3 phases which will be used in the product of barrier systems. The 3 phases are concept, system definition and application conditions, risk analysis. In the concept and system definition phase this paper will use safety barrier and barrier function instead of functional safety, and risk analysis will use systematic FMEA methodology.

Selective Translational Repression of Truncated Proteins from Frameshift Mutation-Derived mRNAs in Tumors

You, Kwon Tae,Li, Long Shan,Kim, Nam-Gyun,Kang, Hyun Ju,Koh, Kwi Hye,Chwae, Yong-Joon,Kim, Kyoung Mi,Kim, Yoon Ki,Park, Sung Mi,Jang, Sung Key,Kim, Hoguen,Wickens, Marv Public Library of Science 2007 PLoS biology Vol.5 No.5

<▼1><P>Frameshift and nonsense mutations are common in tumors with microsatellite instability, and mRNAs from these mutated genes have premature termination codons (PTCs). Abnormal mRNAs containing PTCs are normally degraded by the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) system. However, PTCs located within 50–55 nucleotides of the last exon–exon junction are not recognized by NMD (NMD-irrelevant), and some PTC-containing mRNAs can escape from the NMD system (NMD-escape). We investigated protein expression from NMD-irrelevant and NMD-escape PTC-containing mRNAs by Western blotting and transfection assays. We demonstrated that transfection of NMD-irrelevant PTC-containing genomic DNA of <I>MARCKS</I> generates truncated protein. In contrast, NMD-escape PTC-containing versions of <I>hMSH3</I> and <I>TGFBR2</I> generate normal levels of mRNA, but do not generate detectable levels of protein. Transfection of NMD-escape mutant <I>TGFBR2</I> genomic DNA failed to generate expression of truncated proteins, whereas transfection of wild-type <I>TGFBR2</I> genomic DNA or mutant PTC-containing <I>TGFBR2</I> cDNA generated expression of wild-type protein and truncated protein, respectively. Our findings suggest a novel mechanism of gene expression regulation for PTC-containing mRNAs in which the deleterious transcripts are regulated either by NMD or translational repression.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P><B/></P><P>A class of mutations found in many cancers introduces aberrant termination signals during the synthesis of mRNA. In mammalian cells, abnormal mRNAs containing premature termination codons (PTCs) are normally degraded by a process called nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), thus avoiding potentially deleterious effects from abnormal protein production. However, some PTC-containing mRNAs are known to escape from NMD. By screening protein expression from genes with serious mutations in colon cancers, we confirmed that PTC-containing mRNAs of some genes escape from NMD. However, their abnormal proteins were not found in the tumor cells. To study the means by which these proteins were regulated, we transfected separate cell lines with NMD-escape mutant genomic DNA, wild-type genomic DNA, and mutant cDNA. We found that truncated proteins are not generated from the NMD-escape mutant genomic DNA, whereas wild-type protein and truncated protein were generated normally. These results indicate that the translation of PTC-containing mutant mRNAs is repressed in the cytoplasm.</P></▼2><▼3><P>A novel mechanism for regulating the products of nonsense mRNAs that contain premature termination codons involves repression at the level of translation.</P></▼3>

Urinary Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1alpha Levels Are Associated with Histologic Chronicity Changes and Renal Function in Patients with Lupus Nephritis

Chunyang Ma,Zhuori Li,Jiali Wei,Feng Zhan,Ru Wang,Keying Fu,Xiaoping Wan 연세대학교의과대학 2012 Yonsei medical journal Vol.53 No.3

Purpose: Tubulointerstitial hypoxia in the kidney is considered a hallmark of injury and a mediator of the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), a master transcription factor in cellular adaptation to hypoxia,regulates a wide variety of genes, some of which are closely associated with tissue fibrosis. The present study set out to characterize urinary HIF-1alpha expressions in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and to explore whether urinary HIF-1alpha expressions are associated with histologic chronicity changes and renal function. Materials and Methods: Urinary HIF-1alpha levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 42 patients with LN and in 30 healthy controls. Activity and chronicity indexes as well as tubular HIF-1alpha expressions were analyzed for each specimen. Results: Urinary HIF-1alpha levels were higher in LN patients than in healthy controls (3.977±1.696 vs. 2.153±0.554 ng/mL, p<0.001) and were associated with histologic chronicity indexes (r=0.463, p<0.01) and eGFR (r=-0.324, p<0.05). However, urinary HIF-1alpha levels showed no correlation with histologic activity indexes, anti-dsDNA, ANA, complement 3 and 4 levels, proteinuria, systemic lupus erythematosis disease activity index, and WHO pathological classification (p>0.05). Conclusion: Urinary HIF-1alpha levels were elevated in LN patients and were associated with histologic chronicity changes and renal function, indicating that HIF-1alpha might contribute to histologic chronicity in LN.

Synthesis of Chlorins Linked with Pyrazoline by 1,3-Dipolar Diazomethane Cycloaddition Reaction

Wang, Jin-Jun,Li, Jia-Zhu,Gryko, Daniel,Shim, Young-Key Korean Chemical Society 2006 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.27 No.7