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Lawrence T. Caldwell,경남대학 소련연구실 해군대학 1982 海洋戰略 Vol.- No.15
1. 소련의 군사력 80년대에 있어서는 소련경제가 성취한 업적만 갖고는 지도층으로 하여금 군사비나 미국과의 군사력 경쟁을 억제하도록 할 수 있는 동기를 창출하지 못할 것이다. 소련의 군사력 규모는 전반적인 정치 환경-즉, 선진공업국, 중공과의 관계 그리고 제 3세계에 있어서의 혁명의 진전에 관한 전망 등-에 의해 결정될 것이다. 2. 과학과 기술 아마도 소련은 소위 「과학기술혁명」을 수향할 수 있는 그들의 능력을 향상시켜야 한다는 인식만큼 중요한 것은 없다고 할 수 있는바 그것은 공업화된 선진자본주의 국가들과의 화해와 협력을 위해 모스크바 정부에 압력을 가하는 주요인이 되고 있다.
( Mahmood Aminilari ),( Vahid Ashoorian ),( Alexa Caldwell ),( Yasir Rahman ),( Robby Nieuwlaat ),( Jason W. Busse ),( Lawrence Mbuagbaw ) 대한통증학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.34 No.2
The quality of subgroup analyses (SGAs) in chronic non-cancer pain trials is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to address this issue. We conducted a comprehensive search in MEDLINE and EMBASE from January 2012 to September 2018 to identify eligible trials. Two pairs of reviewers assessed the quality of the SGAs and the credibility of subgroup claims using the 10 criteria developed by Sun et al. in 2012. The associations between the quality of the SGAs and the studies’ characteristics including risk of bias, funding sources, sample size, and the latest impact factor, were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Our search retrieved 3,401 articles of which 66 were eligible. The total number of SGAs was 177 of which 52 (29.4%) made a subgroup claim. Of these, only 15 (8.5%) were evaluated as being of high quality. Among the 30 SGAs that claimed subgroup effects using an appropriate method of performing interaction tests, the credibility of only 5 were assessed as high. None of the subgroup claims met all the credibility criteria. No significant association was found between the quality of SGAs and the studies’ characteristics. The quality of the SGAs performed in chronic pain trials was poor. To enhance the quality of SGAs, scholars should consider the developed criteria when designing and conducting trials, particularly those which need to be specified a priori.