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Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay at the crossroads of many cellular pathways
( Fabrice Lejeune ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2017 BMB Reports Vol.50 No.4
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a surveillance mechanism ensuring the fast decay of mRNAs harboring a premature termination codon (PTC). As a quality control mechanism, NMD distinguishes PTCs from normal termination codons in order to degrade PTC-carrying mRNAs only. For this, NMD is connected to various other cell processes which regulate or activate it under specific cell conditions or in response to mutations, mis-regulations, stresses, or particular cell programs. These cell processes and their connections with NMD are the focus of this review, which aims both to illustrate the complexity of the NMD mechanism and its regulation and to highlight the cellular consequences of NMD inhibition. [BMB Reports 2017; 50(4): 175-185]
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, a simplified view of a complex mechanism
( Julie Carrard ),( Fabrice Lejeune ) 생화학분자생물학회 2023 BMB Reports Vol.56 No.12
Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is both a quality control mechanism and a gene regulation pathway. It has been studied for more than 30 years, with an accumulation of many mechanistic details that have often led to debate and hence to different models of NMD activation, particularly in higher eukaryotes. Two models seem to be opposed, since the first requires intervention of the exon junction complex (EJC) to recruit NMD factors downstream of the premature termination codon (PTC), whereas the second involves an EJC-independent mechanism in which NMD factors concentrate in the 3’UTR to initiate NMD in the presence of a PTC. In this review we describe both models, giving recent molecular details and providing experimental arguments supporting one or the other model. In the end it is certainly possible to imagine that these two mechanisms co-exist, rather than viewing them as mutually exclusive. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(12): 625-632]
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FUJIWARA, SHINSUKE,KAKIHARA, HIROFUMI,KIM, BYUNG WOO,LEJEUNE, ANDRE,KANEMOTO, MITSUHIDE,SAKAGUCHI, KENJI,IMANAKA, TADAYUKI 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1993 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.1
Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase; EC 2.4.1.19) is produced mainly by Bacillus strains. CGTase from Bacillus macerans IFO3490 produces α-cyclodextrin as the major hydrolysis product from starch, where as thermostable CGTase from Bacillus stearothermophilus NO2 produces α- and β- cyclodextrins. To analyze the cyclization characteristics of CGTase, we cloned different types of CGTase genes and constructed chimeric-genes. CGTase genes from these two strains were cloned in Bacillus subtilis NA-1 by using pTB523 as a vector plasmid, and their nucleotide sequences were determined. Three CGTase genes (cgt-1, cgt-5, and cgt-232) were isolated from B. stearothermophilus NO2. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the three CGTase genes have different nucleotide sequences encoding the same amino acid sequence. Base substitutions were found at the third letter of five codons among the three genes. Each open reading frame was composed of 2,133 bases, encoding 711 amino acids containing 31 amino acids as a signal sequence. The molecular weight of the mature enzyme was estimated to be 75,374. The CGTase gene (cgtM) of B. macerans IFO3490 was composed of 2,142 bases, encoding 714 amino acids containing 27 residues as a signal sequence. The molecular weight of the mature enzyme was estimated to be 74,008. The sequence determined in this work was quite different from that reported previously by other worker. From data on the three-dimensional structure of a CGTase, seven kinds of chimeric CGTase genes were constructed by using cgy-1 from B. stearothermophilus NO2 and cgtM from B. macerans IFO3490. We examined the characteristics of these chimeric enzymes on cyclodextrin production and thermostability. It was found that the cyclization reaction was conferred by the NH₂-terminal region of CGTase and that the thermostability of some chimeric enzymes was lower than that of the parental CGTases.
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J. R. SERRANO,F. J. ARNAU,V. DOLZ,A. TISEIRA,M. LEJEUNE,N. AUFFRET 한국자동차공학회 2008 International journal of automotive technology Vol.9 No.3
This article presents a two-stage turbocharged heavy-duty diesel (HDD) engine designed to fulfil the US2007 anti-pollution directive. This directive imposes very restrictive limits on the NOx and particle emissions of HDD engines. In this work, the possibility of combining particle traps in the exhaust line to reduce soot emissions with very high EGR rates to reduce NOx emissions is considered. This new generation engine implements two-stage turbocharging in order to improve the bsfc when the engine is working on steady conditions as well as to optimize the engine transient response. After carrying out the tests, the results were analyzed and the engine settings were adjusted to maximise its behaviour and minimise pollutant emissions. NOx and soot emission peaks were also analyzed at engine transient conditions in order to keep them under certain levels, and thus maintain the overall pollutant emissions to a level that is as low as possible. In summary, a double-stage turbocharging configuration can greatly improve engine driveability (between 23% and 36% depending on engine speed), while reducing NOx emissions during transient evolution without increasing opacity peaks beyond the stated limits.
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Monitoring of E. coli Immobilization on Modified Gold Electrode: A New Bacteria-based Glucose Sensor
N. Borghol,A. Othmane,L. Mora,T. Jouenne,A. C. Duncan,N. Jaffézic-Renault,N. Sakly,Y. Chevalier,P. Lejeune 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.2
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)technique has proved to be an effective method for monitoring the immobilization of various bioactive species such as enzymes, DNA, whole cells, and so forth. In this work we describe the development of an electrochemical whole cell based biosensor. Biotinylated fluorescent E. coli are immobilized onto a cysteamine, Sulfo-NHS-LC-biotin,and avidin modified gold electrodes. Immobilized bacteria are clearly observed using confocal microscopy. Electrochemical measurements are based on the charge-transfer kinetics of [Fe (CN)6]3−/4− redox couple. The experimental impedance data were modelised with a computer. SAM assembly and the subsequent immobilization of bacteria on the gold bare electrodes greatly increased the electrontransfer resistance (Ret) and reduced the constant phase element (CPE). It’s interesting to note, the hard immobilization of bacteria on the surface of electrode and do not remove during measurements. The effect of glucose addition was studied in the range of 10−7 μM to 10 μM. The relation between the evolution of Ret and D-glucose concentration was found to be linear for values ranging from 10−5 μM to 10−1 μM and reached saturation for higher concentrations. Such biosensor could be applied to a more fundamental study of cell metabolism and drugs effect.
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