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The Nutritional Value of Brown Rice and Maize for Growing Pigs
Li, X.L.,Yuan, S.L.,Piao, X.S.,Lai, C.H.,Zang, J.J.,Ding, Y.H.,Han, L.J.,Han, In K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.6
An experiment was designed to study the nutritional value of Chinese brown rice and maize for growing pigs. Six male grower pigs (Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Large White, $24.3{\pm}1.26$ kg average initial BW) were surgically fitted with a simple T-cannula at the terminal ileum and allotted within a $2{\times}2$ Latin square design. The pigs were fed either a maize or brown rice diet in a direct method to determine their digestibility. The brown rice used in this experiment was husked from one kind of early, long grain, and non-glutinous rice (ELGNR, indica rice: non-waxy rice, containing amylopectin and amylose) in southern China. Chromic oxide was used as a marker. The diets were supplied at about 4.0% of body weight in dry matter/d. Total faeces and urine were collected on days 4 and 5; digesta was collected on days 6-8 in each period. The average body weight was 24.3 kg at the start of the experiment and 27.6 kg at the end. The results showed that the apparent ileal digestibilities of most amino acids of brown rice were significantly higher than those in maize (p<0.01), as were the apparent ileal digestibilities of crude protein (CP), digestible energy (DE), organic matter (OM) and dry matter (DM) (p<0.05). However, the apparent ileal starch digestibilities of the two treatments were similar (p>0.05). The values of the apparent faecal digestibilities derived from the two methods, marker and total faecal-collection methods, were very similar and also correlated with each other. The difference in absolute value of the apparent faecal digestibilities between brown rice and maize was smaller compared to that of the apparent ileal digestibilities. The net protein utilization was higher (p = 0.07) and the DE metabolizable rate was significantly higher (p<0.01) for brown rice than for maize. The metabolizable energy (ME) of brown rice is similar to that of maize, while the DE of brown rice was relatively lower. It can be concluded that Chinese brown rice are better than maize not only in apparent ileal digestibilities, but also in metabolizable rate of amino acids and gross energy under the present study conditions.
ITARS: trust-aware recommender system using implicit trust networks
Yuan, W,Shu, L,Chao, H.-C,Guan, D,Lee, Y.-K,Lee, S IET 2010 IET COMMUNICATIONS Vol.4 No.14
<P>Trust-aware recommender system (TARS) suggests the worthwhile information to the users on the basis of trust. Existing works of TARS suffers from the problem that they need extra user efforts to label the trust statements. The authors propose a novel model named iTARS to improve the existing TARS by using the implicit trust networks: instead of using the effort-consuming explicit trust, the easy available user similarity information is used to generate the implicit trusts for TARS. Further analysis shows that the implicit trust network has the small-world topology, which is independent of its dynamics. The rating prediction mechanism of iTARS is based on the small worldness of the implicit trust network: the authors set the maximum trust propagation distance of iTARS approximately equals the average path length of the trust network's corresponding random network. Experimental results show that with the same computational complexity, iTARS is able to improve the existing TARS works with higher rating prediction accuracy and slightly worse rating prediction coverage.</P>
Liu L.N.,Zheng W.M.,Zhang X.J.,Yang H.,Yuan S.,Mao Y.Z.,Zhang W.,Zhu G.H.,Wang L.,Qin C.M.,Zhao Y.P.,Cheng Y.,Zhang K. 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.1
Ion cyclotron range of frequency (ICRF) heating system is an important auxiliary heating method in the experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). In EAST, several megawatts of power are transmitted with coaxial transmission lines and coupled to the plasma. For the long pulse and high power operation of the ICRF waves heating system, it is very important to effectively control the power and initial phase of the ICRF signals. In this paper, a power and phase feedback control system is described based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) devices, which can realize complicated algorithms with the advantages of fast running and high reliability. The transmitted power and antenna phase are measured by a power and phase detector and digitized. The power and phase feedback control algorithms is designed to achieve the target power and antenna phase. The power feedback control system was tested on a dummy load and during plasma experiments. Test results confirm that the feedback control system can precisely control ICRF power and antenna phase and is robust during plasma variations.
The Genomic Landscape and Clinical Relevance of A-to-I RNA Editing in Human Cancers
Han, L.,Diao, L.,Yu, S.,Xu, X.,Li, J.,Zhang, R.,Yang, Y.,Werner, Henrica M.J.,Eterovic, A.,Yuan, Y.,Li, J.,Nair, N.,Minelli, R.,Tsang, Y.,Cheung, Lydia W.T.,Jeong, K.,Roszik, J.,Ju, Z.,Woodman, Scott Cell Press 2015 CANCER CELL Vol. No.
Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a widespread post-transcriptional mechanism, but its genomic landscape and clinical relevance in cancer have not been investigated systematically. We characterized the global A-to-I RNA editing profiles of 6,236 patient samples of 17 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas and revealed a striking diversity of altered RNA-editing patterns in tumors relative to normal tissues. We identified an appreciable number of clinically relevant editing events, many of which are in noncoding regions. We experimentally demonstrated the effects of several cross-tumor nonsynonymous RNA editing events on cell viability and provide the evidence that RNA editing could selectively affect drug sensitivity. These results highlight RNA editing as an exciting theme for investigating cancer mechanisms, biomarkers, and treatments.
Liu L.N.,Liang Q.C.,Yang H.,Zhang X.J.,Yuan S.,Mao Y.Z.,Zhang W.,Zhu G.H.,Wang L.,Qin C.M.,Zhao Y.P.,Cheng Y.,Zhang K. 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.10
To operate the ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) antennas in a better heating state and produce relatively low impurities, it is necessary to control the antenna spectrum by changing the antenna phasing. As the electrical length of the antenna feeding transmission lines is changing as a matter of the standing wave pattern at the ceramic supports, 90 elbows, T-connectors and antenna loops, we chose to measure the current at the grounding points of the antenna loops by antenna strap probe. The voltage drops along a small, several millimeter-long paths at the end of the antenna loops give a signal that is proportional to the current in the antenna loop. Through the simulation of the antenna strap probe and the actual measurement of the antenna phasing under vacuum conditions, the reliability of the antenna strap probe based diagnostic system have been successfully proved. Moreover, this system was successfully applied to the ICRH daily experiments in the spring of 2021. In the near future, the active realtime feedback control of the antenna phasing system will be developed based on this diagnostic system in the EAST tokamak.
Measurement ofe+e−→π+π−ψ(2S)via initial state radiation at Belle
Wang, X. L.,Yuan, C. Z.,Shen, C. P.,Wang, P.,Abdesselam, A.,Adachi, I.,Aihara, H.,Al Said, S.,Arinstein, K.,Asner, D. M.,Ayad, R.,Bakich, A. M.,Bansal, V.,Bhuyan, B.,Bobrov, A.,Bonvicini, G.,Brač American Physical Society 2015 PHYSICAL REVIEW D - Vol.91 No.11
FINITE ELEMENT BASED IMPROVEMENT OF A LIGHT TRUCK DESIGN TO OPTIMIZE CRASHWORTHINESS
D. Y. CHEN,L. M. WANG,C. Z. WANG,L. K. YUAN,T. Y. ZHANG,Z. Z. ZHANG 한국자동차공학회 2015 International journal of automotive technology Vol.16 No.1
Occupant protection of vehicle cab is required for all the commercial vehicles. According to ECE R29-03 amendments, the simulation methods of the front pillar impact test and the side 20o pendulum impact of the roof strength test for a light truck with a gross mass not exceeding 7.5t are proposed. In this study, a reliable finite element model of a light truck is built by using its CAD model. The finite element model is verified against cab modal test and frontal impact test. Then two crash tests are simulated to evaluate the survival space by examining the contact between the deformed cab and a prescribed manikin model. In the front pillar impact test, the deformed cab is predicted to contact with the manikin. In the roof strength test, the minimum distance between the deformed cab and the manikin is predicted to be 75.3 mm, which does not satisfy requirements either. To enhance the crashworthiness of the truck, some structural improvements are designed such as filling structural foam in the A-pillars and the side panels, adding a roof crossbeam, and reinforcing the rear wall of cab. The simulation results of the improved cab structure show that the cab stiffness is improved, the energy absorption is more homogeneous and there is no penetration into the survival space.
Removal of natural organic matter in water using functionalised carbon nanotube buckypaper
Yang, X.,Lee, J.,Yuan, L.,Chae, S.R.,Peterson, V.K.,Minett, A.I.,Yin, Y.,Harris, A.T. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2013 Carbon Vol.59 No.-
A simple, surfactant-free assembly process was used to prepare multi-wall carbon nanotube (CNT) buckypapers using a highly efficient purification, sonication, and filtration process. To achieve effective dispersion of CNT into ethanol, a minimum 5-min sonication time was required. Here, we fabricated a buckypaper with pore size of 41+/-10nm and porosity of 72.9% with a 10-min sonication. The as-prepared buckypaper was used as a membrane for humic acid (HA) removal from water. During purification process, carboxylic and hydroxylic functional groups were introduced onto the CNT surface. The functional groups increased the hydrophilicity of the CNTs and improved the removal efficiency of HA by the buckypaper. The buckypaper prepared from purified CNTs exhibited excellent removal of HA (>93%) and a long lifetime for filtration.
Dynamic regulation of RNA editing in human brain development and disease
Hwang, Taeyoung,Park, Chul-Kee,Leung, Anthony K L,Gao, Yuan,Hyde, Thomas M,Kleinman, Joel E,Rajpurohit, Anandita,Tao, Ran,Shin, Joo Heon,Weinberger, Daniel R NATURE AMERICA 2016 NATURE NEUROSCIENCE Vol.19 No.8
<P>RNA editing is increasingly recognized as a molecular mechanism regulating RNA activity and recoding proteins. Here we surveyed the global landscape of RNA editing in human brain tissues and identified three unique patterns of A-to-I RNA editing rates during cortical development: stable high, stable low and increasing. RNA secondary structure and the temporal expression of adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) contribute to cis- and trans-regulatory mechanisms of these RNA editing patterns, respectively. Interestingly, the increasing pattern was associated with neuronal maturation, correlated with mRNA abundance and potentially influenced miRNA binding energy. Gene ontology analyses implicated the increasing pattern in vesicle or organelle membrane-related genes and glutamate signaling pathways. We also found that the increasing pattern was selectively perturbed in spinal cord injury and glioblastoma. Our findings reveal global and dynamic aspects of RNA editing in brain, providing new insight into epitranscriptional regulation of sequence diversity.</P>