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Entomopathogenic fungal infection of Allomyrina dichotoma in mass breeding conditions
( Kyuwon Kwak ),( Sunghee Nam ),( Hyowon Choi ),( Jiyoung Choi ),( Seokhyun Lee ),( Honggeun Kim ),( Myungsae Han ),( Kwanho Park ) 한국잠사학회 2015 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.31 No.1
Increased use of rhinoceros beetles (Allomyrina dichotoma ) for food and medicine, and their elevated value as pets has led to an increase in the number of their breeding farms. Mass breeding of the insects in these farms leads to entomological diseases. In this study, we investigate cannibalism resulting from overcrowded breeding of A. dichotoma larvae, as well as secondary fungal infections in epidermal wounds in the surviving larvae. Some of the fungi detected in the present study showed entomopathogenicity, and the larvae showed different times of death. In particular, larvae infected with Clonostachys sp., an endophytic plant fungus, grew for a long time after infection, but died without pupating.
Kyuwon Kwak,Sunghee Nam 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.10
The purpose of this study was to identify fast and effectively the Nosema disease of bumble bees from Gangwon province in Korea. Bumble bees are crucial pollinators of various crops and microsporidia are the critical infections of these hosts. The origin of the bumble bees is probably being known from the Britain. Also, the following species of bumble bees have been used around the world: Bombus terrestris, Bombus lucorum, Bombus occidentalis, Bombus ignites and Bombus impatiens. When bumble bees are infected with N. bombi, their abdomens can become distended, paralyzed and infected workers and they often become sluggish and die early. We have identified the morphology of the microsporidium by light and electron microscopy and have found that the morphology of the microsporidium is rounded spore morph, with fairly small spores as described before in many other articles. For the specific and sensitive diagnosis of the microsporidian parasite N. bombi in bumble bees, we have developed the improved method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) conditions for expeditious diagnosis. Two pairs of primers were tested on N. bombi and the related microsporidia Nosema apis and Nosema sp., both of which infect bumble bees and honey bees and further we have verified and analyzed DNA sequence data of N. bombi in bumble bees by using the BLAST server at the National Center for Biotechnology Information.
Kim, Kyuwon,Hwang, Jaeyang,Seo, Inwoong,Youn, Tae Hwan,Kwak, Juhyoun Royal Society of Chemistry 2006 Chemical communications Vol.2006 No.45
<P>We demonstrate a protein micropatterning method based on electropolymerization of a monomer with two electroactive units, hydroquinone monoester and disulfide, which enables electrochemical ON–OFF switching for immobilization of bioligands on electrodes modified with the electropolymerized film.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A protein micropatterning method based on electropolymerization is demonstrated using a monomer having two electroactive units, hydroquinone monoester and disulfide, which enables electrochemical ON–OFF switching for immobilization of bioligands on modified electrodes. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b609491k'> </P>
Electrochemical DNA Hybridization Detection Using DNA Cleavage
Kwon, Dohyoung,Kim, Kyuwon,Kwak, Juhyoun WILEY-VCH Verlag 2008 Electroanalysis Vol.20 No.11
<P>We report the new method for detection of DNA hybridization using enzymatic cleavage. The strategy is based on that S1 nuclease is able to specifically cleave only single strand DNA, but not double strand DNA. The capture probe DNA, thiolated single strand DNA labeled with electroactive ferrocene group, was immobilized on a gold electrode. After hybridization of target DNA of complementary and noncomplementary sequences, nonhybridized single strand DNA was cleaved using S1 nuclease. The difference of enzymatic cleavage on the modified gold electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry. We successfully applied this method to the sequence-selective discrimination between perfectly matched and mismatched target DNA including a single-base mismatched target DNA. Our method does not require either hybridization indicators or other exogenous signaling molecules which most of the electrochemical hybridization detection systems require.</P>
( Honggeun Kim ),( Kwanho Park ),( Seokhyun Lee ),( Kyuwon Kwak ),( Munsuk Choi ),( Jiyoung Choi ) 한국잠사학회 2015 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.31 No.1
The white-spotted chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), has been traditionally used in Korea as a medicine for preventing liver-related diseases and suppressing liver cancer. Therefore, this insect is economically important and is commercially reared and sold in Korea. Recently, P. brevitarsis was listed as a temporal food ingredient by the Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Given the increasing economic importance of this beetle, we have sought to improve rearing conditions for its commercial production. In this study, we compared the effects of two food supplements, clay and charcoal, on the growth of second instar larvae of P. brevitarsis . Clay and charcoal are generally known as good adsorbent for removal of contaminating substances in insect feed. We fed second instar P. brevitarsis larvae a commercial diet consisting of fermented sawdust with seven different combinations of clay and/or activated charcoal, and measured their effects on weight gain for approximately 17 wk until larvae pupated. We found that addition of clay at 2.5% w/w of the fermented sawdust diet had no negative effect on weight gain of second instar P. brevitarsis larvae and thus may improve the quality of P. brevitarsis as a commercial food.