Atypical Antidepressant Activity of 3,4-Bis(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl) Furan-2,5-Dione Isolated from Heart Wood of <em>Cedrus deodara</em>, in Rodents

Nitesh Kumar,Daniel Dhayabaran,Madhavan Nampoothiri,Krishnadas Nandakumar,A. Puratchikody,Natasha Lalani,Karima Dawood,Aanesha Ghosh 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.5

<em>Cedrus deodara</em> (Pinaceae) has been used traditionally in Ayurveda for the treatment of central nervous system disorders. 3,4-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)furan-2,5-dione (BDFD) was isolated from heart wood of <em>Cedrus deodara</em> and was shown to have antiepileptic and anxiolytic activity. Thus, the present study was aimed to explore its anti-depressant effect and to correlate the effect with serotonin and nor adrenaline levels of brain. Albino mice were used as experimental animal. Animals were divided in to three groups; vehicle control, imipramine (30 mg/kg <em>i.p.</em>), BDFD (100 mg/kg <em>i.p.</em>). Tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST) was performed to evaluate antidepressant effect of BDFD. BDFD (100 mg/kg, <em>i.p.</em>) showed a significant decrease in immobility time when subjected to FST whereas immobility time was not significantly altered in TST. BDFD treatment increased serotonin and noradrenaline levels in the brain which is indicative of BDFD having possible atypical antidepressant action.

Atypical Antidepressant Activity of 3,4-Bis(3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl) Furan-2,5-Dione Isolated from Heart Wood of Cedrus deodara, in Rodents

Kumar, Nitesh,Dhayabaran, Daniel,Nampoothiri, Madhavan,Nandakumar, Krishnadas,Puratchikody, A.,Lalani, Natasha,Dawood, Karima,Ghosh, Aanesha The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.5

Cedrus deodara (Pinaceae) has been used traditionally in Ayurveda for the treatment of central nervous system disorders. 3,4-bis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)furan-2,5-dione (BDFD) was isolated from heart wood of Cedrus deodara and was shown to have antiepileptic and anxiolytic activity. Thus, the present study was aimed to explore its anti-depressant effect and to correlate the effect with serotonin and nor adrenaline levels of brain. Albino mice were used as experimental animal. Animals were divided in to three groups; vehicle control, imipramine (30 mg/kg i.p.), BDFD (100 mg/kg i.p.). Tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST) was performed to evaluate antidepressant effect of BDFD. BDFD (100 mg/kg, i.p.) showed a significant decrease in immobility time when subjected to FST whereas immobility time was not significantly altered in TST. BDFD treatment increased serotonin and noradrenaline levels in the brain which is indicative of BDFD having possible atypical antidepressant action.

A Study on Parallel Clustering Algorithms based on MapReduce

Garvit Chugh,Nitesh Singh Bhati,Puneet Kumar,Vishal Bharti 대한전자공학회 2022 IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing & Computing Vol.11 No.4

Since the advent of the global computerized market, the volume of digital information has grown exponentially, as has the demand for storing it. As the price of storage devices decreases, the necessity to analyze vast quantities of unstructured digital data to retain only essential information increases. MapReduce is a programming paradigm for producing and generating massive information indices. Using MapReduce to produce meaningful clusters from such a massive amount of raw data is an efficient way to manage such voluminous amounts of data. On the other hand, the existing industry standard for data clustering algorithms presents significant obstacles. The conventional clustering calculation efficiently handles a great deal of information from various sources, such as online media, business, and the web. Nevertheless, the sequential count in clustering approaches is time-intensive in these conventional calculations. The wide varieties of K-Means, including K-Harmonic Means, are sensitive to forming cluster centers in huge datasets. This work suggests a logical evaluation of such calculations. It offers a study of the various k-means clustering algorithms employed in MapReduce, as well as the study on the introduction and the open challenges of parallelism in MapReduce.

Iatrogenic Intradural Lumbosacral Cyst Following Epiduroscopy

Ryu, Kyeong-Sik,Rathi, Nitesh Kumar,Kim, Geol,Park, Chun-Kun The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2012 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.52 No.5

We report a rare complication of iatrogenic spinal intradural following minimally invasive extradural endoscopic procedues in the lumbo-sacral spines. To our knowledge, intradural cyst following epiduroscopy has not been reported in the literature. A 65-year-old woman with back pain related with previous lumbar disc surgery underwent endoscopic epidural neuroplasty and nerve block, but her back pain much aggravated after this procedure. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large intradural cyst from S1-2 to L2-3 displacing the nerve roots anteriorly. On T1 and T2-weighted image, the signal within the cyst had the same intensity as cerebrospinal fluid. The patient underwent partial laminectomy of L5 and intradural exploration, and fenestration of the cystic wall was accomplished. During operation, the communication between the cyst and subarachnoid space was not identified, and the content of the cyst was the same as that of cerebrospinal fluid. Postoperatively, the pain attenuated immediately. Incidental durotomy which occurred during advancing the endoscope through epidural space may be the cause of formation of the intradural cyst. Intrdural cyst should be considered, if a patient complains of new symptoms such as aggravation of back pain after epiduroscopy. Surgical treatment, simple fenestration of the cyst may lead to improved outcome. All the procedures using epiduroscopy should be performed with caution.

Performance Analysis of Normally-on Dual Gate Algan/Gan Hemt

Manisha Rao,Ravi Ranjan,Nitesh Kashyap,Rakesh Kumar Sarin 한국전기전자재료학회 2021 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.22 No.5

This paper presents the novel normally-on dual gate (DG) AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor. At high frequency, the dual gate structure gives superlative immunity over short channel eff ects. Multiple 2DEG channel regions in dual gate AlGaN/GaN HEMT improves the transport characteristics, charge control and gives better linearity. The high carrier mobility and electron saturation velocity contribute to the high switching frequency of DG HEMT. The drain characteristics of single gate HEMT and dual gate HEMT are compared and DG HEMT outstands in drain current. The various analog and linearity parameters are investigated for DG HEMT. The performance analysis provides better transconductance, capacitance, cut off frequency, subthreshold slope and on-resistance simulations represents the potential of DG HEMT. The DG HEMT provides 1100 mA/mm I ON , 550 mS/mm transconductance and 11 GHz cutoff frequency at V gs = 2 V. The high drain current, better transconductance and cutoff frequency results in better sensitivity of device.

Direct Pars Repair Surgery Using Two Different Surgical Methods : Pedicle Screw with Universal Hook System and Direct Pars Screw Fixation in Symptomatic Lumbar Spondylosis Patients

Shin, Myung-Hoon,Ryu, Kyeong-Sik,Rathi, Nitesh Kumar,Park, Chun-Kun The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2012 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.51 No.1

Objective : The authors performed a retrospective study to assess the clinical and radiological outcome in symptomatic lumbar spondylolysis patients who underwent a direct pars repair surgery using two different surgical methods; pedicle screw with universal hook system (PSUH) and direct pars screw fixation (DPSF), and compared the results between two different treated groups. Methods : Forty-seven consecutive patients (PSUH; 23, DPSF; 15) with symptomatic lumbar spondylolysis who underwent a direct pars repair surgery were included. The average follow-up period was 37 months in the PSUH group, and 28 months in the DPSF group. The clinical outcome was measured using visual analogue pain scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI). The length of operation time, the amount of blood loss, the duration of hospital stay, surgical complications, and fusion status were also assessed. Results : When compared to the DPSF group, the average preoperative VAS and ODI score of the PSUH group were less decreased at the last follow-up; (the PSUH group; back VAS : 4.9 vs. 3.0, leg VAS : 6.8 vs. 2.2, ODI : 50.6% vs. 24.6%, the DPSF group; back VAS : 5.7 vs. 1.1, leg VAS : 6.1 vs. 1.2, ODI : 57.4% vs. 18.2%). The average operation time was 174.9 minutes in the PSUH group, and 141.7 minutes in the DPSF group. The average blood loss during operation was 468.8 cc in the PSUH group, and 298.8 cc in the DPSF group. The average hospital stay after operation was 8.9 days in the PSUH group, and 7 days in the DPSF group. In the PSUH group, there was one case of a screw misplacement requiring revision surgery. In the DPSF group, one patient suffered from transient leg pain. The successful bone fusion rate was 78.3% in the PSUH group, and 93.3% in the DPSF group. Conclusion : The present study suggests that the technique using direct pars screw would be more effective than the method using pedicle screw with lamina hook system, in terms of decreased operation time, amount of blood loss, hospital stay, and increased fusion success rate, as well as better clinical outcome.

Pharmacoknetic Study of Diclofence and Its Interaction with Enrofloxacin in Buffalo Calves

Bihar Veterinary College,Shankar Dayal Singh,Nitesh Kumar 대한수의학회 2003 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.4 No.2

Study of Diclofenac and Its Interaction with Enrofloxacin in Buffalo CalvesNitesh Kumar, Shankar Dayal Singh and Chellappa Jayachandran*

A Comparative Evaluation of Six Commonly Used Types of Die Materials for the Property of Transverse Strength, at Two Time Intervals: An In Vitro Study

Sattyam Vikram Wankhade,Jyoti Lokade,Divya Devidas Naik,Nitesh Kumar Srivastava 대한예방치과학회 2017 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.13 No.1

Objective: Evaluation and comparison of the transverse strengths of Type IV and Type V gypsums, Resin modified type IV and type V gypsums, Synthetic gypsum and Epoxy resin die material, on setting and after a period of twenty four hours. Methods: Each die material was used to fabricate ten dies (39×6×6 mm), using polyvinyl siloxane impressions in standardized custom trays, that were tested for transverse strength in a Universal Testing machine, at setting. Another set of sixty dies were tested in a similar manner, 24 hours after setting. The one way ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison tests were applied for statistical analysis. Results: The transverse strength values for epoxy resin were superior to the other materials being tested, at both time intervals. Type IV gypsum had higher transverse strength values than the other gypsum based materials at setting while at 24 hours, the resin modified materials ranked higher. A significant increase in the transverse strength (89%-146%) was noted when the gypsum based products were tested at twenty-four hours. Conclusion: When using gypsum based materials, one must wait at least 24 hours before retrieving the casts from impressions and proceeding with subsequent laboratory procedures.

Evaluation of Polymer Modified Mortar and Bonding Agent for Structural Repair

Ojha P N,Kaura Puneet,Singh Brijesh,Daniel Y N,Kumar Nitesh 아시아콘크리트학회 2021 Journal of Asian Concrete Federation Vol.7 No.2

Polymer modified mortar is found to be suitable for structural repair and strengthening of damage structural elements. Conventional mortar is not preferred in repair of concrete since it has inferior mechanical property and durability performance. Polymer based mortar is an alternative to conventional mortar with enhanced mechanical properties. However, there are limited specifications and guidelines available for specifying PMM mixes for structural repair work. The research work aims to evaluate the mechanical performance of polymer based mortar with varying concentration of styrene butadiene rubber latex at laboratory scale. Another aspect in repair of corrosion damage structures is the bond between the substrate concrete and repair mortar. In order to study the effectiveness of bonding agents, the performance evaluation of bonding agents has been evaluated using slant shear test and pull-off test as per ASTM C 882 and EN 1542 respectively. Findings of study indicates that at 8-10 percent concentration of dry polymer solid by cement mass in polymer based mortar is the optimum dosage. Styrene-butadiene rubber based polymer mortar showed improvement in flow in comparison to normal mortar however, mixes with crushed sand shows decrease in flow which is due to presence of more fines. Slant shear and pull-off test method shows epoxy bonding agent give better bond strength as compared to SBR latex.