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<i>Paragonimus westermani</i>: Biochemical and immunological characterizations of paramyosin
Zhao, Qin-Ping,Moon, Sung-Ung,Na, Byoung-Kuk,Kim, Seon-Hee,Cho, Shin-Hyeong,Lee, Hyeong-Woo,Kong, Yoon,Sohn, Woon-Mok,Jiang, Ming-Sen,Kim, Tong-Soo Elsevier 2007 Experimental parasitology Vol.115 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Paramyosin of the helminth parasite is a muscle protein that plays multifunctional roles in host-parasite relationships. In this study, we have cloned a gene encoding <I>Paragonimus westermani</I> paramyosin (PwPmy) and characterized biochemical and immunological properties of the recombinant protein. The recombinant PwPmy (rPwPmy) was shown to bind both human immunoglobulin G (IgG) and collagen. The protein was constitutively expressed in various developmental stages of the parasite and its expression level increased progressively as the parasite matured. Immunohistological analysis revealed that PwPmy was mainly localized in subtegumental muscle, tegument and cells surrounding the oral sucker, intestine, and ovary of the parasite. Sera from patients with paragonimiasis showed antibody reactivity against rPwPmy, and IgG1 and IgG4 were predominant. Immunization of mice with rPwPmy also induced high IgG responses. Biochemical and immunological characterization of PwPmy may provide valuable information for the further study to develop a vaccine or a chemotherapeutic agent for paragonimiasis.</P>
Qi, Zhikai,Shi, Haohao,Zhao, Mingxing,Jin, Hongchang,Jin, Song,Kong, Xianghua,Ruoff, Rodney S.,Qin, Shengyong,Xue, Jiamin,Ji, Hengxing American Chemical Society 2018 Chemistry of materials Vol.30 No.21
<P>Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene is uniquely suited for application in electronic and photonic devices because of its tunable band structure. Even though chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is considered to be the method of choice to grow bilayer graphene, the direct synthesis of high-quality, large-area Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene on Cu foils is complicated by overcoming the self-limiting nature of graphene growth on Cu. Here, we report a facile H<SUB>2</SUB>O-assisted CVD process to grow bilayer graphene on Cu foils, where graphene growth is controlled by injecting intermittent pulses of H<SUB>2</SUB>O vapor using a pulse valve. By optimizing CVD process parameters fully covered large area graphene with bilayer coverage of 77 ± 3.6% and high AB stacking ratio of 93 ± 3% can be directly obtained on Cu foils, which presents a hole concentration and mobility of 4.5 × 10<SUP>12</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP> and 1100 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>-1</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively, at room temperature. The H<SUB>2</SUB>O selectively etches graphene edges without damaging graphene facets, which slows down the growth of the top layer and improves the nucleation and growth of a second graphene layer. Results from our work are important both for the industrial applications of bilayer graphene and to elucidate the growth mechanism of CVD-graphene.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>