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Four-Week Repeated-Dose Toxicity Study of Di-isodecyl Phthalate (DIDP) in Ras H2 Wild Type Mice
Chuel Kyu Kim,Beom Seok Han,Jae Ho Oh,Wan-Seob Cho,Ki Dae Park,Mina Choi,Min Jung Cho,Sang Yeon Oh,Sung Jun Kim,Ja Young Jeong,Seung Hee Kim,Dong Deuk Jang 한국실험동물학회 2006 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.22 No.3
Di-isodecyl phthalate (DIDP) has widely used as plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) manufacture and ultimately typical vinyl applications, particularly wire, cable and toys. To determine dose selection of DIDP for alternative carcinogenicity study using ras H2 transgenic mice, we conducted four week repeated toxicity study with ras H2 wild type mice. Groups of 8 male and female ras H2 wild type mice were fed basal diet containing DIDP at doses of 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1, and 3% for 4 weeks. Decreases of motility and mortality were increased in the 3% DIDP treatment group. The body weights of 3% DIDP treatment group were significantly decreased compared to those of control group. The relative liver weights of male and female mice given 0.3 and 1% DIDP were significantly increased compared to those of control. At necropsy, there were no significant changes in gross lesions between treatment and control group. Microscopically, the incidences of hypertrophy of liver in mice exposed to 1 and 3% DIDP treatment groups were increased. These results indicate that DIDP has liver toxicity at greater than 1% dose. Therefore, maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was determined for each biological endpoints at a dietary level of 1%.
타액선에 있어 포도당산화 및 당원합성과 옥소섭취에 관한 실험적 연구 : Acetylcholine과 atropine이 타액선의 포도당산화, 당원합성 및 옥서섭취에 미치는 영향
박기철 최신의학사 1967 最新醫學 Vol.10 No.5
It was pointed out that !acetylcholine increased the uptakes of oxygen and iodine by pancrease, brain and thyroid gland when glucose was available as a substrate. The author, in the previous paper, also reported that acetylcholine increased the ability of the salivary gland slices to concentrate iodine. In view of the recent works by Pastan and Serif that acetylcholine and atropine exert some influences on glucose and iodine metabolisms of the thyroid as well as salivary glands, the present study was aimed to study further the effects of acetylcholine and atropine on the glucose oxidation, glycogen incorporation and iodine uptakes of the salivary gland slices. - Furthermore, the effect of acetylcholine on the iodine metabolism in the parotid gland slice in regards to the differential iodine fractions on the paperchromatography, and on the glucose metabolism in regards to the localization of the radiocarbon particles on the microautoradiography were studied in some more details. The animals used were the male rats weighing 160 to 180 g and the rabbits weighing 2 kg. After sacrifice the salivary glands were quickly excised and were placed into the Petri dish containing cold Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate. The slices were. gently blotted, weighed, divided into aliquots of 180"to 200 mg, and were placed into the main chamber, of 25 ml. Erlenmeyer flask. The incubation medium in each flask contained 1 mg per ml. of carrier glucose with approximately 0.5 ,uc of radioactivity in the form of glucose-1-04, O. lac of carrier free radioiodine and Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer at pH 7.4 to give a total volume of 2.5 ml. Acetylcholine chloride, atropine sulfate, eserine salicylate and thiourea were then added as indicated in experimental groups. The gas mixture of 95 % oxygen and 5 % carbon dioxide was flushed in bicarbonate buffer for one minute. The closed flask were immediately incubated at 37C in a Warburg's shaking water bath, and the reaction was stopped by addition of ION sulfuric acid and carbon dioxide (C1402) was trapped in 10 % KH containing solution. Radioactive carbon dioxide was measured as was described by Field et al. The incorporation of. glycogen was measured with the sample treated in Van-Slyke Folk apparatus. The paperchromatographic analysis of iodine fraction and the paperchromatographic autoradiography was done as was escnbcd by Taurog et al.. and Serif et al "For the `microautoradiography.of parotid gland `the tissue bl' s z4 ere placed dace down on single large sheet of E.~istman' no screen, -ray film, ; with a brass~ weight on each to ais insure the good' contact. The slice sections `were Ness than''0. 25 mm in thickness. After 20 days' exposure the ;film was developed for 5 minutes in D-11 at 9.8 F in'a:tray with continuous shakinb. The results were summarized as follows 1. In submaxill arygland, acetylcholine showed the stimulatory effect on the glucose oxidation, while atropine ' 'depressed the C1402 production from glucose. 2. In parotid gland, the glucose oxidation was stimulated not only by acetylcholine but also by atropine. ' 3. Insubmaxillary glared, acetylcholine increased the iodine uptakes, while atropine only negligible or no effects at all. 4. In parotid gland, acetylcholine also increased the iodine uptakes, while atropine decreased. y 5. In rabbits' parotid glands, the glycogen incorporation was increased either by acetylcholine or by atropine. ~r ! 6. Paperchromatographic autoradiography 'of hydrolysed salivary gland slices revealed the significant increase " of diiodotyrosine` and `triiodotyrosine fractcions in the presence of acetylcholine. 7. The increased glycogen'incorporation or uptakes of radioactive carbon particles were observed,' chiefly in \ the acinous cells and basement membrane of the striated duct of the parotid gland. 8. The mechanisms' of the effects' of acetylcholine and atropine on the glucose oxidation, glycogen incorporation and iodine uptakes of the saliva gland were briefly discussed.
시간적 물성 변화에 따른 공예의 심미적, 감성적 표현 요소로서의 재료 활용 가능성 연구 : 자원 재생 개념의 공예품 및 브랜드를 중심으로
최기(Choi Ki),최임정(Choi Im jung),박성철(Park Soung chuel) 한국조형디자인학회 2018 조형디자인연구 Vol.21 No.3
본 연구의 목적은 시간성에 의해 물성이 변화한 재료를 공예와 접목하였을 때 표현될 수 있는 감성적 심미성의 가치를 사례 분석과 가능성 검토 조사를 통해 자원 재생의 공예적 가능성과 함께 확인하는데 있다. 시간성에 의해 표면 질감이 변화한 목재는 공예 재료로 적절히 사용되었을 때 사용자의 감성에 의한 심미성 강화효과를 가져오며, 공예 작품의 스토리텔링에 의한 표현요소가 될 수 있다. 한옥 고재는 시간성에 의한 재료의 물성 변화와 더불어 고재 자체가 가지고 있는 국산 목재 고유의 조형성 및 질감이 공예 재료로서 충분한 미적 가치를 보유하고 있음을 확인하였다. 자원 재생에 의한 공예의 미적 가치 표현은 사용자의 감성을 자극하여 ‘시간성=희소가치’ 라는 의미를 부여하는 결과를 가져올 수 있다. The purpose of this study is to the value of emotional aestheticity that can be expressed when materials of which physical properties have changed by time are combined with crafts through case analysis and investigation on the possibility of it and also the potential of resources recovery as crafts. Wood of which surface texture has changed through temporality can bring the effect of enhancing aestheticity by the user’s sentiment when properly used as crafts material and can turn out to be an expressive element grounded on the storytelling of craftwork. It has been found that the ancient material of Korean-style houses is equipped with the unique formativity of Korean wood which ancient material originally obtains along with the changes of physical properties by time and also plenty of aesthetic value of texture as crafts material. Expressing the aesthetic value of crafts through resources recovery may arouse the user’s sentiment and bring the result of providing the meaning of ‘temporality= scarcity value’.
카테킨이 함유된 치약의 우치 초기 우식법랑질에 대한 효과
홍석진,박근형,정성숙,손재범,박기철 대한구강보건학회 2001 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.25 No.2
The purpose of this study was to compare the several combinatorial cariostatic potentials of experimental dentifrices containing an herbal extract, catechin, in combination of sodium fluoride and/or triclosan in silica base. The chemical and microbial cyclic remineralization procedures were used to measure the effect of each dentifrices. Subsurface caries lesions were prepared by exposing extracted, flattened and polished bovine enamel cores to lactate-Carbopol system for 48 hoots. The delta VHNs were determined and analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Newman-Keul procedures for the multiple Student's t-test as described previously. The results of each test dentifrices are summarized as followings; (도표) These results showed that (1) the addition of herbal component, catechin numerically increased surface hardness in both test models, (2) the fluoride dentifrices significantly increased surface hardness(p<0.05) as compared to the negative control, and (3) the specimens tested in the microbial cyclic model showed a highly significant cariostatic benefit of Paste C and Colgate Total^ⓡ dentifrices(p<0.001) as compared to the other test dentifrices. All the presented findings support the conclusion that catechin is enough to cariostatic effect if adden in toothpaste.