Vertical and horizontal distributions of ellipsoidal Alexandrium (Dinophyceae) cysts in coastal sediment with special reference to paralytic shellfish poisoning caused by tsunamis -a case study of Osaka Bay(Japan) and the southern coast of the Korean Pen

Matsuoka, Kazumi,Yamamoto, Keigo,Akiyama, Satoshi,Kojima, Natsuhiko,Shin, Hyeon Ho Korean Society of Environmental Biology 2019 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.37 No.3

Severe damages will result in human society, when several different critical natural phenomena coincide. One example relates to the resting cysts of Alexandrium species (dinoflagellates that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning), which are preserved in surface sediments throughout Osaka Bay, Japan. These cysts have been found to accumulate particularly densely in shallow areas in the inner parts of Osaka Bay, where a tsunami caused by an earthquake could occur any time. Damage by a tsunami could cause a change of the coastal ecosystems at Osaka Bay including the resuspension of surface sediments containing resting Alexandrium tamarense cysts and the subsequent redistribution of the cysts in newly deposited sediment. Under certain environmental conditions, these cysts could germinate and form dense blooms, leading to paralytic shellfish poisoning. Such a scenario could also affect other coastal areas, including the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula.

Modern Dinoflagellate Cysts Distribution off the Eastern Part of Geoje Island, Korea

Kazumi Matsuoka,신현호,윤양호 한국해양과학기술원 2007 Ocean science journal Vol.42 No.1

Distributional characteristics of dinoflagellate cysts in surface sediments were investigated in relation to environmental factors in the eastern part of Geoje Island, Korea. Samples were collected from 10 stations in February of 2004 and water temperature and salinity were measured in February, May, September and November of 2004. Total 30 taxa of dinoflagellate cysts were identified representing 19 genera, 28 species and 2 unidentified species. Among these dinoflagellate cysts,Brigantedinium spp. of which relative proportion in the total dinoflagellate cysts was 23.5%, was the most abundant at all stations except St. 1, and was followed by Spiniferites bulloideus (8.6%), Lingulodinium machaerophorum (8.2%) and Diplopsalis lenticula (6.7%). In addition, ellipsoidal cysts of the genus Alexandrium (Alexandrium catenella - tamarense type) and Gymnodinium catenatum, known to be causative organisms for PSP, occurred with high concentrations. Scrippsiella trochoidea was also found; however, its cyst concentration was low. Generally, species composition in the study area was similar to these reported from Jinhae Bay and Busan Harbor and several dinoflagellate cysts reflected the eutrophic condition. Cyst distribution in the eastern part of Geoje Island seems to be influenced by the Tsushima Warm Current flowing from the southwest. The mean water temperature was 12.0°C in February, 14.7°C in May, 20.9°C in September and 17.2°C in November, which was most favorable for Alexandrium spp. growth. The abundances of dinoflagellate cysts ranged from 528 to 2,834 cysts/g dry sediment. Higher concentrations were recognized in sediments of west area of the Jisimdo than at other stations. The cyst composition of this area was closely related to these of Jinhae Bay and Busan Harbor from which currents flow into this area. Higher cyst concentration in the west area of Jisimdo might be due to formation of the gyre. Distributional characteristics of dinoflagellate cysts in surface sediments were investigated in relation to environmental factors in the eastern part of Geoje Island, Korea. Samples were collected from 10 stations in February of 2004 and water temperature and salinity were measured in February, May, September and November of 2004. Total 30 taxa of dinoflagellate cysts were identified representing 19 genera, 28 species and 2 unidentified species. Among these dinoflagellate cysts, Brigantedinium spp. of which relative proportion in the total dinoflagellate cysts was 23.5%, was the most abundant at all stations except St. 1, and was followed by Spiniferites bulloideus (8.6%),Lingulodinium machaerophorum (8.2%) and Diplopsalis lenticula (6.7%). In addition, ellipsoidal cysts of the genus Alexandrium (Alexandrium catenella - tamarense type) and Gymnodinium catenatum, known to be causative organisms for PSP, occurred with high concentrations. Scrippsiella trochoidea was also found; however, its cyst concentration was low. Generally, species composition in the study area was similar to these reported from Jinhae Bay and Busan Harbor and several dinoflagellate cysts reflected the eutrophic condition. Cyst distribution in the eastern part of Geoje Island seems to be influenced by the Tsushima Warm Current flowing from the southwest. The mean water temperature was 12.0°C in February, 14.7°C in May, 20.9°C in September and 17.2°C in November, which was most favorable for Alexandrium spp. growth. The abundances of dinoflagellate cysts ranged from 528 to 2,834 cysts/g dry sediment. Higher concentrations were recognized in sediments of west area of the Jisimdo than at other stations. The cyst composition of this area was closely related to these of Jinhae Bay and Busan Harbor from which currents flow into this area. Higher cyst concentration in the west area of Jisimdo might be due to formation of the gyre.

Vertical and horizontal distributions of ellipsoidal Alexandrium (Dinophyceae) cysts in coastal sediment with special reference to paralytic shellfish poisoning caused by tsunamis - a case study of Osaka Bay (Japan) and the southern coast of the Korean P

Kazumi Matsuoka,Keigo Yamamoto,Satoshi Akiyama,Natsuhiko Kojima,신현호 한국환경생물학회 2019 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.37 No.3

Severe damages will result in human society, when several different critical natural phenomena coincide. One example relates to the resting cysts of Alexandrium species (dinoflagellates that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning), which are preserved in surface sediments throughout Osaka Bay, Japan. These cysts have been found to accumulate particularly densely in shallow areas in the inner parts of Osaka Bay, where a tsunami caused by an earthquake could occur any time. Damage by a tsunami could cause a change of the coastal ecosystems at Osaka Bay including the resuspension of surface sediments containing resting Alexandrium tamarense cysts and the subsequent redistribution of the cysts in newly deposited sediment. Under certain environmental conditions, these cysts could germinate and form dense blooms, leading to paralytic shellfish poisoning. Such a scenario could also affect other coastal areas, including the southern coast of the Korean Peninsula.

Brigantedinium majusculum is the cyst of Protoperidinium sinuosum (Protoperidiniaceae, Dinophyceae)

Li, Zhun,Matsuoka, Kazumi,Shin, Hyeon Ho,Kobayashi, Satori,Shin, Kyungsoon,Lee, TaeHee,Han, Myung-Soo BLACKWELL SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS 2015 Phycologia Vol.54 No.5

Dinoflagellate Cyst Assemblages in the Surface Sediments from the Northwestern East China Sea

Moon, Chang Ho,MATSUOKA, Kazumi,Cho, Hyun Jin,Lee, Joon Baek 한국수산학회 2001 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.4 No.3

Thirty-six dinoflagellate cysts, representing 15 genera were identified in the surface sediments obtained from the northwestern East China Sea. Three cyst morphotypes found in this survey have not previously been described in the East China Sea and adjacent waters: Selenopemphix sp. 2, Selenopemphix sp. 3 and Trinovantedinium sp. 1. In the northwestern East China Sea, Operculodinium centrocarpum, Spiniferites bulloideus and ellipsoidal cysts of Alexandrium were commonly observed. Moreover, it was recognized that the ellipsoidal cysts of Alexandrium, whose motile cells of A. tamarense and/or A. catenella are responsible to paralytic shellfish poisoning, distributed not only restricted to the coastal areas but also to the offshore stations far from the Changjiang River mouth.

The Occurrence of a Dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum From Chinhae Bay , Korea

KIM, Hak Gyoon,MATSUOKA, Kazumi,LEE, Sam Geun,AN, Kyoung Ho 한국수산학회 1996 한국수산과학회지 Vol.29 No.6

The resting cyst of Gymnodinium catenatum was found in the surface sediments collected from Chinhae Bay in October, 1991. This is the first record of the species in the Korean waters. The relative abundance was low with the maximum of 1.7%. The colonial motile form consisting of four cells was observed in 1992 from the excystment of the cyst collected from the Wonmun Bay in Chinhae Bay. No blooms caused by G. catenatum has been observed in Chinhae Bay during the survey.

Analysis of marine environmental changes based on dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy in the East China Sea

Cho, Hyun-Jin,Matsuoka, Kazumi 濟州大學校 海洋硏究所 2003 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.27 No.-

동중국해의 정점 St. 11에서 채집한 주상 퇴적물 시료들의 분석을 통하여 얻은 와편모조류 시스트의 층서학적 분석 결과를 이용하여 당 해역의 고해양학적 환경 변화를 유추하였다. 조사된 시스트 군집의 특성으로는 총 16속 24종의 시스트가 동정되었으며 주상 퇴적물의 맨 아래쪽 시료를 방사성 연대 측정한 결과 약 1만년 이내에 형성된 퇴적물임을 알 수 있었다. 시스트 출현을 분석한 결과 본 정점에 해수가 유입된 시기는 지금으로부터 약 9000년 전이었다. 그리고. 약 8300년 전부터 6000년 전 사이에 시스트 농도의 급격한 변동이 있었는데, 이는 이시기의 대마난류의 발달에 기인한다고 생각된다. We reconstructed history of environmental changes recorded in dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy. analyzing St. 11 core sediment samples collected from the East China Sea. Radiocarbon (^(14)C) measurement revealed that the sediment samples were restricted in the last 10000 years. Total of 24 cyst species in 16 genera were observed in the St. 11 core. Seawater soaked 4he St. 11 site 9000 yr BP. based on occurrence of marine dinoflagellate cysts. more than 477 cysts/g. Abrupt increase of cyst concentration continued roughly from 8300 to 6000 yr BP. probably resulted from development of the Tsushima Current.

Modern Dinoflagellate Cysts Distribution off the Eastern Part of Geoje Island, Korea

Shin, Hyeon-Ho,Yoon, Yang-Ho,Matsuoka, Kazumi The Korean Society of Oceanography 2007 Ocean science journal Vol.42 No.1

Distributional characteristics of dinoflagellate cysts in surface sediments were investigated in relation to environmental factors in the eastern part of Geoje Island, Korea. Samples were collected from 10 stations in February of 2004 and water temperature and salinity were measured in February, May, September and November of 2004. Total 30 taxa of dinoflagellate cysts were identified representing 19 genera, 28 species and 2 unidentified species. Among these dinoflagellate cysts, Brigantedinium spp. of which relative proportion in th e total dinoflagellate cysts was 23.5%, was the most abundant at all stations except St. 1, and was followed by Spiniferites bulloideus (8.6%), Lingulodinium machaerophorum (8.2%) and Diplopsalis lenticula (6.7%). In addition, ellipsoidal cysts of the genus Alexandrium (Alexandrium catenella - tamarense type) and Gymnodinium catenatum, known to be causative organisms for PSP, occurred with high concentrations. Scrippsiella trochoidea was also found; however, its cyst concentration was low. Generally, species composition in the study area was similar to these reported from Jinhae Bay and Busan Harbor and several dinoflagellate cysts reflected the eutrophic condition. Cyst distribution in th e eastern part of Geoje Island seems to be influenced by the Tsushima Warm Current flowing from the southwest. The mean water temperature was $12.0^{\circ}C$ in February, $14.7^{\circ}C$ in May, $20.9^{\circ}C$ in September and $17.2^{\circ}C$ in November, which was most favorable for Alexandrium spp. growth. The abundances of dinoflagellate cysts rang e d from 528 to 2,834 cysts/g dry sediment. Higher concentrations were recognized in sediments of west area of the Jisimdo than at other stations. The cyst composition of this area was closely related to these of Jinhae Bay and Busan Harbor from which currents flow into this area. Higher cyst concentration in the west area of Jisimdo might be due to formation of the gyre.

The First Appearance of Toxic Dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense (Gonyaulacales, Dinophyceae) Responsible for the PSP Contaminations in Gamak Bay, Korea [Note]

신현호,윤양호,Hisae Kawami,Mitsunori Iwataki,Kazumi Matsuoka 한국조류학회I 2008 ALGAE Vol.23 No.4

In Gamak Bay, Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) was first detected from seafoods in 2003, however the toxin source is unknown yet. In this study, we report potential PSP producers of toxic dinoflagellates, describing morphology and abundance of cysts isolated from surface sediment of Gamak Bay. The most abundant type in these cysts was characterized with ellipsoidal and transparent wall identical to Alexandrium catenella and/or A. tamarense. Germination experiment of the cysts revealed that all motile cells germinated were morphologically identified as A. tamarense. This result suggests that A. tamarense may relate to PSP contaminations in Gamak Bay. Moreover, bottom water temperature in Gamak Bay is favorable for germination of A. tamarense cysts. Further studies are required to carry out the PSP monitoring for preventing the risk of PSP events that may outbreak in future at Gamak Bay.

Reclassification of Gyrodinium flavescens Kofoid & Swezy as Torquentidium flavescens comb. nov. (Ceratoperidiniaceae, Dinophyceae), based on morphology and phylogeny

Hyeon Ho Shin,Zhun Li,Kazumi Matsuoka 한국환경생물학회 2020 한국환경생물학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.07