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Son, Hokyoung,Seo, Young-Su,Min, Kyunghun,Park, Ae Ran,Lee, Jungkwan,Jin, Jian-Ming,Lin, Yang,Cao, Peijian,Hong, Sae-Yeon,Kim, Eun-Kyung,Lee, Seung-Ho,Cho, Aram,Lee, Seunghoon,Kim, Myung-Gu,Kim, Yongs Public Library of Science 2011 PLoS pathogens Vol.7 No.10
<▼1><P><I>Fusarium graminearum</I> is an important plant pathogen that causes head blight of major cereal crops. The fungus produces mycotoxins that are harmful to animal and human. In this study, a systematic analysis of 17 phenotypes of the mutants in 657 <I>Fusarium graminearum</I> genes encoding putative transcription factors (TFs) resulted in a database of over 11,000 phenotypes (phenome). This database provides comprehensive insights into how this cereal pathogen of global significance regulates traits important for growth, development, stress response, pathogenesis, and toxin production and how transcriptional regulations of these traits are interconnected. In-depth analysis of TFs involved in sexual development revealed that mutations causing defects in perithecia development frequently affect multiple other phenotypes, and the TFs associated with sexual development tend to be highly conserved in the fungal kingdom. Besides providing many new insights into understanding the function of <I>F. graminearum</I> TFs, this mutant library and phenome will be a valuable resource for characterizing the gene expression network in this fungus and serve as a reference for studying how different fungi have evolved to control various cellular processes at the transcriptional level.</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Author Summary</B></P><P>Large collections of mutant lines allow for identification of gene functions. Here we constructed a mutant library of 657 putative transcription factors (TFs) through homologous recombination in the head blight fungus, <I>Fusarium graminearum</I>, providing a resource for understanding gene regulation in fungus. By screening these mutants in 17 phenotypic categories, we constructed a dataset of over 11,000 phenotypes. This study provides new insight into understanding multiple phenotypes caused by single TF as well as regulation of gene expression at the transcription level in <I>F. graminearum</I>. Furthermore, our TF mutant library will be a valuable resource for fungal studies through the distribution of mutants and easy access to our phenotypic and genetic data.</P></▼2>
윤효정(Hyojung Yoon),서정관(Jungkwan Seo),김탁수(Taksoo Kim),김주현(Joohyun Kim),조아름(Areum Jo),이병우(Byeongwoo Lee),임현우(Hyunwoo Lim),이대엽(Daeyeop Lee),김필제(),최경희(Kyunghee Choi),양원호(Wonho Yang) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.3
Objectives: Children may be more exposed to certain environmental contaminants because they react with greater sensitivity and have different food intakes and breathing rate per unit of body weight compared to adults. The aim of this study was to determine general exposure factors such as skin surface area, period and frequency of exposure, and others among Korean children aged ≤ 18 years old. This study was carried out as the first of its kind in Korea. Methods: We developed 23 recommended exposure factors for Korean children aged 0 to 18 years by reclassifying raw data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Statistical Information Service, as well as through investigation by experiments in the absence of related data. Results: Reflecting the activity patterns of about 9,000 children, the daily inhalation rates for long-term exposure ranged from 9.49 m 3 /day for children from birth to <2 years to 14.98 m 3 /day for children aged 16 to <18 years. The research found that Korean children spent an average of 22.21 hours indoors, 0.67 hours outdoors, and 1.12 hours in-transit every day. Young children (≤ 2 years old) spent approximately 34 more minutes outdoors on weekends than they did on weekdays. Conclusion: Various physiological variables in the human body reflect characteristics of children that can directly influence risk exposure. Therefore, the identification of general exposure factors based on Korean children is required for appropriate risk assessment.
SWCNT 및 MWCNT의 기관내 점적주입 후 폐 계면활성제의 분석
이병우(Byeongwoo Lee),서정관(Jungkwan Seo),심일섭(Ilseob Shim),엄익춘(Igchun Eom),김필제(Plije Kim) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.4
Objectives: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are next-generation industrial nanoparticles which possess excellent mechanical strength along with good thermal conductivity and electric properties. Given these characteristics, carbon nanotubes are being widely applied in various fields, including research and development. However, concerns have been raised over hazardous properties due to their similar fiber shape to asbestos. Recent studies have shown that CNTs pose potential hazards which may cause fibrosis and/or lung inflammation similarly to asbestos. Methods: After intratracheal instillation of SWCNTs and MWCNTs to rats, pulmonary surfactant (PS) of the SWCNTs and MWCNTs was measured and analyzed using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collected from the lung. After a single intratracheal instillation of SWCNTs and MWCNTs, phospholipid predominantly showed a significant increase compared to the control group, while proteins exhibited a significant increase both three days and one week after instillation. Results: As a result of surface tension, MWCNTs showed a significant decrease three days after treatment compared to the control group. In the case of the total cell number three days after instillation, MWCNTs revealed a temporarily significant increase when compared to the control group. For PMN number, when compared to the control group, SWCNTs displayed a significant increase throughout the observation period, while MWCNTs showed a significant increase three days and three months after treatment. Conclusions: After exposure to CNTs, the total cell number and PNT number, which indicate inflammatory response, were significantly increased. Therefore, this study suggests fiber–shaped CNTs may have a harmful effect on the lungs.
다매체 노출을 고려한 Perchloroethylene의 인체위해성평가연구
서정관,김탁수,조아름,김필제,최경희,Seo, Jungkwan,Kim, Taksoo,Jo, Areum,Kim, Pilje,Choi, Kyunghee 한국환경보건학회 2014 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.40 No.5
Objectives: Perchloroethylene (PCE) is a volatile chemical widely used as a solvent in the dry-cleaning and textile processing industries. It was evaluated as Group 2 "probably carcinogenic to humans" by the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) of the United State Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) in 2012. In order to provide a scientific basis for establishing risk management measures for chemicals on the national priority substances list, aggregate risk assessment was conducted for PCE, included in the top-10 substances. Methods: We conducted the investigation and monitoring of PCE exposure (e.g., exposure scenario, detection levels, and exposure factors, etc.) and assessed its multi-media (e.g., outdoor air, indoor air, and ground water) exposure risk with a deterministic and probabilistic approach. Results: In human risk assessment (HRA), the level of human exposure was higher in the younger age group. The exposure level through inhalation at home was the highest among the exposure routes. Outdoor air or uptake of drinking water represented less than 1% of total contributions to PCE exposure. These findings suggested that the level of risk was negligible since the Hazard Index (HI) induced by HRA was below one among all age groups, with a maximum HI value of 0.17 when reasonable maximum exposure was applied. Conclusion: In conclusion, it was suggested that despite low exposure risk, further studies are needed considering main sources, including occupational exposure.