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Heterogeneous SRAM Cell Sizing for Low-Power H.264 Applications
Jinmo Kwon,Ik Joon Chang,Insoo Lee,Heemin Park,Jongsun Park IEEE 2012 IEEE transactions on circuits and systems. a publi Vol.59 No.10
<P>In low-voltage operation, static random-access memory (SRAM) bit-cells suffer from large failure probabilities with technology scaling. With the increasing failures, conventional SRAM memory is still designed without considering the importance differences found among the data stored in the SRAM bit-cells. This paper presents a heterogeneous SRAM sizing approach for the embedded memory of H.264 video processor, where the more important higher order data bits are stored in the relatively larger SRAM bit-cells and the less important bits are stored in the smaller ones. As a result, the failure probabilities significantly decrease for the SRAM cells storing the more important bits, which allows us to obtain the better video quality even in lower voltage operation. In order to find the SRAM bit-cell sizes that achieve the best video quality under SRAM area constraint, we propose a heterogeneous SRAM sizing algorithm based on a dynamic programming. Compared to the brute-force search, the proposed algorithm greatly reduces the computation time needed to select the SRAM bit-cell sizes of 8 bit pixel. Experimental results show that under iso-area condition, the heterogeneous SRAM array achieves significant PSNR improvements (average 4.49 dB at 900-mV operation) compared to the conventional one with identical cell sizing.</P>
KIM, Kanghyun,BU, Youngmin,JEONG, Seungil,LIM, Jongpil,KWON, Youngan,CHA, Dong Seok,KIM, Jinmo,JEON, Sora,EUN, Jaesoon,JEON, Hoon Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2006 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry Vol.70 No.8
<P><I>Abies koreana</I> Wilson (<I>A. koreana</I>) is a shrub or broadly pyramidal evergreen tree endemic in the mountainous regions of South Korea. We obtained the essential oil (EO) from alpine needle leaves of <I>A. koreana</I> by the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method. EO was analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and 68 compounds were identified constituting 95.66% of the oil. The major components were elemol (11.17%), terpinen-4-ol (9.77%), sabinene (8.86%), 10(15)-cadien-4-ol (7.16%), α-terpineol (6.13%), α-pinene (6.07%) and γ-terpinene (4.71%). To investigate the memory-enhancing effects, we conducted a passive avoidance test using a scopolamine (1 mg/kg, ip)-induced amnesia mouse model. A peritoneal injection of EO from <I>A. koreana</I> (100 mg/kg) showed a memory enhancing effect of 72.7% compared with the control. These results suggest that EO of <I>A. koreana</I> may be a useful therapeutic agent against such amnesia-inducing diseases as Alzheimer and vascular dementia.</P>