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Song, Jaesun,Choi, Kyoung Soon,Yoon, Sejun,Sohn, Woonbae,Hong, Seung Pyo,Lee, Tae Hyung,An, Hyunji,Cho, Sam Yeon,Kim, So-Young,Kim, Do Hyun,Kim, Taemin Ludvic,Jeong, Sang Yun,Bark, Chung Wung,Lee, Byo American Chemical Society 2019 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol. No.
<P>Although there is considerable interest in BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB> owing to its versatile physical properties, which make it suitable for a wide range of applications, its high leakage current is a significant limitation. Among various methods for reducing the leakage current, substitution with transition-metal or rare-earth elements is widely recognized as the most effective approach. Herein, to enable in-depth studies of the physical properties of BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB>, high-quality epitaxial BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB> thin films with a low leakage current must be formed. However, owing to the difficulty of controlling the element doping when pulsed laser deposition is used for epitaxial thin-film growth, studies on substitutional doping based on epitaxial BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB> thin films have not been systematically carried out. In this regard, we establish an innovative approach for overcoming the high leakage current of BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB> by fabricating artificially engineered superlattice-based epitaxial BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB> thin films in which there is a significant reduction of the leakage current. The control of the element doping in epitaxial BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB> thin films is easily regulated precisely at the atomic-scale level. The results of this study strongly suggest that superlattice-based epitaxial BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB> thin films can be a cornerstone for exploring the reliable fundamental physical properties of substitutional doping in epitaxial BiFeO<SUB>3</SUB> thin films.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Kim Kwang Yoon,Park Jaesun,Yang Sungwon,Shin Junghwa,Park Ji Hyun,Park Bumhee,Kim Bom Taeck 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.42
Background: Age-adjusted bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women decreases in developed countries whereas incidence of osteoporotic fracture decreases or remains stable. We investigated secular trends of bone density from 2008 to 2017 among different age groups of postmenopausal women. Methods: We analyzed BMD data obtained from health check-ups of 4,905 postmenopausal women during three survey cycles from 2008 to 2017. We divided them into 3 groups by age (50–59 years, 60–69 years, and 70 years or more) and observed the transition of lumbar and femoral BMD in each group, before and after adjusting for variables that may affect BMD. Results: Age-adjusted BMD, bone mineral content (BMC), and T-score demonstrated a declining trend over the survey period at lumbar spine (−2.8%), femur neck (−3.5%) and total femur (−4.3%), respectively. In the analysis for the age groups, the BMD, BMC, and T-score presented linear declining trend (−6.1%) in younger postmenopausal women while women aged over 70 or more showed linear increasing trends (+6.3%) at lumbar spine during the survey period. Femoral neck and total femur BMD demonstrated a declining linear trend only in the 50–59 and 60–69 years groups (−5.5%, −5.2%, respectively), but not in the 70 years or more group. Conclusion: BMD in younger postmenopausal women has decreased considerably but has increased or plateaued in elderly women. This discordance of BMD trends among different age groups may contribute to decreased incidence of osteoporotic fracture despite a recent declining BMD trend in postmenopausal women.
Kwon, Taegun,Kwon, Do Yoon,Chun, Jaesun,Kim, Jae Hong,Kang, Sang Sun 이화여자대학교 세포신호전달연구센터 2000 고사리 세포신호전달 심포지움 Vol. No.2
We noticed a putative Akt kinase phosphorylation site(^(64)ydRiRp1SYp^(73)) in Rac1/CDC42 and Rho family proteins(RhoA, B, C and G). To determine whether these proteins are phosphorylated by Akt kinase, we assayed Akt kinase with the recombinant Rac1 protein and the fluorescein Rac1 peptide(^(64)ydRiRp1SYp^(73)). We observed that the activated recombinant Akt kinase protein and SK-MEL 28 cell lysate(a human melanoma cell line) phosphorylates the fluorescein Rac1 peptide or the recombinant Rac1 protein. We also observed that Rac1 phosphorylation by Akt kinase inhibited its GTP binding(without GTPase activity change), whereas both GTP binding and GTPase activity of Rac1S71A(a mutant which serine residue, to be phosphorylated by Akt kinase, was replaced with alanine) were dramatically reduced, regardless of the treatment of Akt kinase. Furthermore, with the treatment of Wortmannin or LY294002(PI3 kinase inhibitor) to SK-MEL 28 cell, we noticed the down-regulation of both Akt kinase activity and Rac1 peptide phosphorylation, but the up-regulation of JNK/SAPK kinase activity. Thus, our observation suggested that Aktkinase of PI3 kinase signal transduction pathway phosphorylates on the 71-serine residue of Rac1 as one of its authentic substrate proteins, and modulates Rac1 signal transduction pathway through phosphorylation.
Short-Term Momentums in the Commodity Futures Market
Jangkoo Kang,Kyung Yoon Kwon,Jaesun Yun 한국재무학회 2017 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.05
Unlike in equity markets, strong short-term momentum, instead of short-term reversal, is observed in commodity futures markets. Moreover, while long-term momentum in commodity futures markets is strongly correlated with momentum in the U.S. equity market, short-term momentum does not share any common momentum factor with the equity market. We set forth the hypothesis that liquidity provision of speculators may account for the short-term momentum in commodity futures markets, and provide the following empirical evidence for it. First, speculators are momentum traders while hedgers are contrarian in the short-run, both unwinding their positions after a few weeks. Second, liquidity supply factors predict short-term momentum returns, and the short-term momentum is stronger in nearby contracts than distant contracts.
The PPLA motif of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta is required for interaction with Fe65.
Lee, Eun Jeoung,Hyun, Sunghee,Chun, Jaesun,Shin, Sung Hwa,Lee, Kyung Eun,Yeon, Kwang Hum,Park, Tae Yoon,Kang, Sang Sun Korean Society for Molecular Biology 2008 Molecules and cells Vol.26 No.1
<P>Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK 3 beta) is a serine/ threonine kinase that phosphorylates substrates such as beta-catenin and is involved in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, metabolism, tumorigenesis, and cell death. Here, we present evidence that human GSK 3beta is associated with Fe65, which has the characteristics of an adaptor protein, possessing a WW domain, and two phosphotyrosine interaction domains, PID1 and PID2. The GSK 3beta catalytic domain also contains a putative WW domain binding motif ((371)PPLA(374)), and we observed, using a pull down approach and co-immuno-precipitation, that it interacts physically with Fe65 via this motif. In addition, we detected co-localization of GSK 3beta and Fe65 by confocal microscopy, and this co-localization was disrupted by mutation of the putative WW domain binding motif of GSK 3beta.Finally, in transient transfection assays interaction of GSK 3 beta (wt) with Fe65 induced substantial cell apoptosis, whereas interaction with the GSK 3beta AALA mutant ((371)AALA(374)) did not, and we noted that phosphorylation of the Tyr 216 residue of the GSK 3beta AALA mutant was significantly reduced compared to that of GSK 3beta wild type. Thus, our observations indicate that GSK 3beta binds to Fe65 through its (371)PPLA(374) motif and that this interaction regulates apoptosis and phosphorylation of Tyr 216 of GSK 3beta.</P>