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        Genome-wide expression profiling of 8-chloroadenosine- and 8-chloro-cAMP-treated human neuroblastoma cells using radioactive human cDNA microarray

        박길홍,JaegolChoe,Hyo-JungChoo,박윤규,손정원,Meyoung-konKim 생화학분자생물학회 2002 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.34 No.3

        Previous reports raised question as to whether 8-chloro-cyclic adenosine 3,5-monophosphate (8-Cl-cAMP) is a prodrug for its metabolite, 8-Cl-adenos-ine which exerts growth inhibition in a broad spec-trum of cancer cells. The present study was cariedout to clarify overall cellular afects of 8-Cl-cAMPand 8-Cl-adenosine on SK-N-DZ human neuroblas-toma cells by systematically characterizing geneexpression using radioactive human cDNA microaray.Microarray was prepared with PCR-amplified cDNAof 2,304 known genes spotted on nylon membranes,employing 33P-labeled cDNAs of SK-N-DZ cells as aprobe. The expression levels of approximately 100cDNAs, representing about 8% of the total DNA ele-ments on the array, were altered in 8-Cl-adenosine- or8-Cl-cAMP-treated cells, respectively. The genome-wide expression of the two samples exhibited partialoverlaps; different sets of up-regulated genes butthe same set of down-regulated genes. 8-Cl-adenos-ine treatment up-regulated genes involved in difer-entiation and development (LIM protein, connexin26, neogenin, neurofilament triplet L protein andp21WAF1/CIP1) and immune response such as naturalkiller cells protein 4, and down-regulated onesinvolved in proliferation and transformation (trans-forming growth factor-b, DYRK2, urokinase-typeplasminogen activator and proteins involved in tran-scription and translation) which were in close paral-lel with those by 8-Cl-cAMP. Our results indicatedthat the two drugs shared common genomic path-ways for the down-regulation of certain genes, butused distinct pathways for the up-regulation of dif-ferent gene clusters. Based on the findings, we sug-gest that the anti-cancer activity of 8-Cl-cAMPresults at least in part through 8-Cl-adenosine. Thus,the systematic use of DNA arrays can provideinsight into the dynamic cellular pathways involvedin anticancer activities of chemotherapeutics.

      • Biodistribution of [S-35] Labeled Antisense Oligodeoxynuclotides Increased Tumor Targeting With Microsphere Coinjection

        Jaegol Choe,Gil Hong Park,Claudio Nastruzzi,Yoon S. Cho-Chung,Meyoung-kon (Jerry) Kim 한국환경성돌연변이발암원학회 2002 한국환경성돌연변이·발암원학회지 Vol.22 No.2

        To elucidate the effect of microsphere coinjection on the administration of oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN), we have investigated biodistribution of [S-35]-labeled antisense ODN targeted to cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) RI-a subunit in nude mice xenografted with WiDr (human colon cancer, ATCC CCL218). The strategy of using microsphere has been proposed for cancer treatment as a carrier of therapeutic ODN so that it could offer an advantage with respect to maintaining constant ODN levels in blood and obtaining higher therapeutic ODN concentration at tumor sites. Comparative biodistribution studies were performed in nude mice (female, 20 g of body weight, n = 4-6) xenografted with WiDr cancer cells, when 0.1 μCi (specific activity, 2.94 mCi/μmole) of [S-35]-labeled RI-α antisense ODN was injected alone or with microsphere (PLG-18, polylactic copolymer with cationic surfactant DDAB18). Peak tumor uptake of [S-35]-labeled ODN was significantly increased from 17.7% (at 6 h) of injected dose per gram of tissue (ID/g) to 42.5% (at 24 h) ID/g when microsphere was coinjected with ODN. The different biodistribution in the kidney accumulation (e.g., 100.2%ID/g for ODN alone and 54.9%/ID/g for microshpere coinjection) may contribute to higher blood concentration (e.g., 21.5%ID/ml for ODN alone and 37.5%ID/ml for microsphere coinjection) of radiolabeled ODN. Of importance is the fact that the whole body retention of radioactivity increased with microsphere coinjection from 50.8%ID/g to 68.0%ID/g after 24-h of injection. This decreased kidney accumulation and increased whole body retention of [S-35]-labeled ODN resulted in a significant improvement of ODN targeting to the tumor site. In conclusion, the coinjection of microsphere appears to be an important carrier system in vehiculation of antisense oligonucleotide to the tumor tissue in vivo.

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