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- 저자 : J. Wheals (검색결과 3 건)
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Integrated Powertrain Control Strategy applicable to Hybrids
J C Wheals,P.Fussey 한국자동차공학회 2000 한국자동차공학회 Workshop Vol.2000 No.-
It is accepted that integrated powertrain control acting upon accurate simulation of the sub-systems is the key to improving the efficiency of conventional and hybrid vehicles. The near-future realisation of Supervisory Control within real-world vehicles will allow a higher degree of complimentary integration for all powertrain systems including hybrids. However, to achieve customer acceptance some fundamental driveability considerations must be met, in addition to achieving improved fuel economy and emissions.<br/> This paper overviews the main opportunities to achieve these targets simultaneously and provides a broad review of related control strategies. Specific examples of integrated powertrain control are offered to illustrate techniques developed in simulation (Matlab/Simulink^TM) to address four key questions:<br/> 1. Rationale for control of electrical machine and storage systems.<br/> 2. Ratio control for minimum "cost" relating to tailpipe emissions and fuel economy.<br/> 3. Improved powertrain response for general driveability and driver appeal.<br/> 4. Control of shift quality for a twin path AMT within a parallel hybrid.<br/> <br/> These illustrations relate to a realtime cost function technique developed for evaluation of powertrain concepts using a method of multiple Ideal Operating Lines with regard to test cycle emission constraints, and real-world considerations of fuel economy, NVH and general driver appeal.<br/> The techniques are illustrated for a C-class vehicle of approximately 1200Kg with a 'mild' parallel powertrain comprising a 4 cylinder 1.2L HSDI engine, 7kW electrical machine, 42V system and a 6-speed twin-path AMT. This approach to supervisory control supports a high degree of generality to facilitate practical implementation for optimal control of all powertrain types, beyond the powertrain illustrated.<br/> The notion of a sub-system module comprising a dynamic description (physical model) and a local control strategy is intrinsic to the structure of supervisory control since it permits the de-coupling of vehicle performance and the activity of the powertrain sub-systems. This is illustrated for ratio control of a twin path AMT transmission to offer refined shifting with the application of a practical torque sensor sited at the output shaft.<br/> Finally, the potential for applying supervisory control to achieve realtime control of local air quality is discussed.
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J. Wheals,M. Fracchia,B. Weston,M. Maunder,G. Davis 한국자동차공학회 2006 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
Continued developments in control and integration applied to automatic and twin clutch powershift transmissions have provided smooth, comfortable gearshifts. However, whilst suitable for most vehicles and markets for everyday driving, such characteristics may not suit the character of a sportscar or a vehicle sports-mode for elective shifts. The paper reports upon a project[1], extending from[2,3,4], undertaken to determine the main effects and interaction of shift feel and cabin sound that influence the drivers perception of a "sporty" gear shift. Good correlation has been found for models which include data from three very different transmission types, meeting the requirement lor a predictor for shift sportiness, independent of transmission type. This has yielded predictive equations and measures of their accuracy based upon longitudinal acceleration and engine speed. Weaker correlation has been found for sound metrics, substantially due to a lower degree of consensus between the assessors.
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J.C.Wheals,A.Turner,K.Ramsay,A.O Neill,J.Bennet,H. Fang,G.Davis 한국자동차공학회 2006 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
The paper addresses the challenges of higher efficiency and lower cost than the current DCT from VW (DQ250) fitted with twin wet clutches and hydraulic control. Responsible for the design and supply of the Bugatti Veyron 7-DCT and controller. Ricardo now present some aspects of their ongoing R&D applied to the other end of the market for controlled ratio transmissions with powershift capability. The practical DCT concept is targeted at B/C class with engines up to 200 Nm with very different targets. The shan layout, meshes, and synchronization are standard: the rest of the transmission is targeted at high efficiency which is derived from two main areas: Dry clutches using a novel failsafe latching mechanism and Electrical Linear Actuators used for the clutches and shift-rails to eliminate hydraulics. Cost is reduced as a result of these mentioned devices, and the following features: Mechanical multiplexing of the linear actuators to control the entire transmission using three or potentially just two primary actuators and lubrication using carefully designed active splash channels which eliminate the need for a pump. Regarding what the driver notices, simulation and rig data suggests the combination of a friction material and the accuracy and frequency response of the linear actuation device will provide shin quality approaching that of a wet clutch system with hydraulics. Fuel economy simulation results are presented using rig-validated sub-system models to identify the magnitude of the savings from each of the design features leading to an overall improvement of 9% versus a conventional b\hydraulic DCT. Finally, the concept is shown packaged for a small EU car and a robust prediction is made of system cost.
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