제 3형 구상돌기 골절의 수술적 치료

전인호,민우기,오창욱,경희수,박병철,김풍택,인주철,이정엽 대한골절학회 2004 대한골절학회지 Vol.17 No.4

목적: 8례의 제 3형 척골 구상돌기 골절에 대해 수술적 치료 후 임상적 방사선학적 결과를 보고하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 8명의 구상돌기 골절에 대한 후향적 연구를 시행하였다. 대상은 모두 남자였으며 평균 나이는 33세였다. 3례에서 척골 구상돌기 단독 골절이었으며 2례에서 주관절 탈구가, 2례에서 요골 두 및 경부 골절이, 1례에서 내측 측부인대 손상이 동반되었다. 전례에서 전방 도달법을 통해 유관나사를 이용한 관혈적 정복 및 내고정이 시행되었다. 평균 추시 기간은 31개월 이었으며 (24~60개월), Mayo Elbow Performance Score로 임상적 결과를 판정하였다. 결과 : 최근 추시에서 평균의 능동적 주관절 가동범위는 105°였다. 평균의 Mayo Elbow Performance Score는 76.9점이었다(50~95). 1례에서 최우수, 4례에서 우수, 2례에서 양호, 1례에서 불량의 결과를 보였다. 결론 : 제 3형의 척골 구상돌기 골절에서 조기의 관혈적 정복 및 안정적인 내고정으로 신뢰할 만한 치료를 제공하였으며, 손상 주관절의 동반된 인대손상과 복합골절은 중요한 예후인자로 간주되었다. Purpose: To review the clinical results of eight cases of typeⅢ coronoid process fractures which were treated operatively. Materials and Methods : Eight patients with coronoid type Ⅲ were reviewed retrospectively. All were men with an average age of 33. There were three isolated fractures, two elbow dislocations, two radial head and neck fractures, and one medial collateral ligament rupture. Open reduction and internal fixation through anterior approach with canulated screws was used. The patients were followed up for a mean of 31 months(24 to 60). Results: Average active elbow joint motion at the most recent follow up was 105°. The average Mayo Elbow Performance Score was 76.9 (50 to 95). There was one excellent result, four good, two fair, and one poor. Conclusion: Early open reduction and stable internal fixation provided a reliable method for the treatment of typeⅢ coronoid process fractures. Any associated ligament injuries to the elbow and fracture comninution were considered as important prognostic factors.

Nanocomposites derived from in situ grafting of linear and hyperbranched poly(ether-ketone)s containing flexible oxyethylene spacers onto the surface of multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Jeon, In-Yup,Tan, Loon-Seng,Baek, Jong-Beom Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2008 Journal of polymer science Part A, Polymer chemist Vol.46 No.11

<P>Linear and hyperbranched poly(ether-ketone)s (PEKs) containing flexible oxyethylene spacers grafted multiwalled carbon nanotube (PEK-g-MWNT) nanocomposites were prepared by direct Friedel-Crafts acylation as the polymer forming and grafting reaction. To achieve the composites, in situ polycondensations of AB monomers 3-(2-phenoxyethoxy)benzoic acid (3-PEBA) and 4-(2-phenoxyethoxy)benzoic acid (4-PEBA), and AB<SUB>2</SUB> monomer 3,5-bis(2-phenoxyethoxy)benzoic acid (3,5-BPEBA) were carried out in the presence of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). The reaction conditions, polyphosphoric acid (PPA) with additional phosphorous phentoxide (P<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>) in the temperature range of 110–120 °C, were previously optimized. The conditions were used as the polymerization and grafting medium that were indeed benign not to damage MWNTs but strong enough to promote the covalent attachment of PEKs onto the surface of the electron-deficient MWNTs. From scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy studies, the polymers were uniformly grafted onto the MWNTs. The resultant nanocomposites are soluble in most strong acids such as trifluoroacetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, and sulfuric acid. Both isothermal and dynamic TGA studies in air showed that nanocomposites displayed improved thermo-oxidative stability when compared with those of corresponding PEK homopolymers. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 3471–3481, 2008</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Nanocomposites were derived from in situ grafting of linear and hyperbranched poly(ether-ketone)s containing flexible oxyethylene spacers onto the surface of MWNT via “direct” Friedel-Crafts reaction as the polymer-forming and grafting reaction at the same time. The resultant nanocomposites are soluble in most strong acids. From SEM and TEM studies, the polymers were uniformly grafted onto the MWNT. Nanocomposites displayed improved thermo-oxidative stability when compared with those of corresponding PEK homopolymers. <img src='wiley_img/0887624X-2008-46-11-POLA22649-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/0887624X-2008-46-11-POLA22649-gra001'> </P>

Graphene Nanoplatelets with Selectively Functionalized Edges as Electrode Material for Electrochemical Energy Storage

Bhattacharjya, Dhrubajyoti,Jeon, In-Yup,Park, Hyean-Yeol,Panja, Tandra,Baek, Jong-Beom,Yu, Jong-Sung American Chemical Society 2015 Langmuir Vol.31 No.20

<P>In recent years, graphene-based materials have been in the forefront as electrode material for electrochemical energy generation and storage. Despite this prevalent interest, synthesis procedures have not attained three important efficiency requirements, that is, cost, energy, and eco-friendliness. In this regard, in the present work, graphene nanoplatelets with selectively functionalized edges (XGnPs) are prepared through a simple, eco-friendly and efficient method, which involves ball milling of graphite in the presence of hydrogen (H-2), bromine (Br-2), and iodine (I-2). The resultant HGnP, BrGnP, and IGnP reveal significant exfoliation of graphite layers, as evidenced by high BET surface area of 414, 595, and 772 m(2) g(-1), respectively, in addition to incorporation of H, Br, and I along with other oxygen-containing functional groups at the graphitic edges. The BrGnP and IGnP are also found to contain 4.12 and 2.20 at % of Br and I, respectively in the graphene framework. When tested as supercapacitor electrode, all XGnPs show excellent electrochemical performance in terms of specific capacitance and durability at high current density and long-term operation. Among XGnPs, IGnP delivers superior performance of 172 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1) compared with 150 F g(-1) for BrGnP and 75 F g(-1) for HGnP because the large surface area and high surface functionality in the IGnP give rise to the outstanding capacitive performance. Moreover, all XGnPs show excellent retention of capacitance at high current density of 10 A g(-1) and for long-term operation up to 1000 charge-discharge cycles.</P>

Synthesis and electrical properties of polyaniline/polyaniline grafted multiwalled carbon nanotube mixture via in situ static interfacial polymerization

Jeon, In-Yup,Tan, Loon-Seng,Baek, Jong-Beom Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2010 Journal of polymer science Part A, Polymer chemist Vol.48 No.9

<P>The mixture of polyaniline (PANi) and PANi grafted multiwalled carbon nanotube (PANi-g-MWNT) was prepared by a two-step reaction sequence. MWNT was first functionalized with 4-aminobenzoic acid via “direct” Firedel-Crafts acylation in polyphosphoric acid (PPA)/phosphorous pentoxide (P<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>) medium to afford 4-aminobenzoyl-functionalized MWNT (AF-MWNT). Then, aniline was polymerized via an in situ static interfacial polymerization in H<SUB>2</SUB>O/CH<SUB>2</SUB>Cl<SUB>2</SUB> in the presence of AF-MWNT in organic phase to yield the mixture of PANi and PANi-g-MWNT. The mixture was characterized with a various analytical techniques such as elemental analysis (EA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), cyclic voltammogram (CV), UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies, and electrical conductivity measurement. On the basis of TGA analysis, the thermo-oxidative stability of the mixture was markably improved compared to that of PANi homopolymer. Even after dedoping, in alkaline solution, the mixture would still display semimetallic conductivity (4.9 S/cm). The capacitance of the mixture was also greatly enhanced and its capacitance decay with respect to cycle times was significantly reduced. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 1962–1972, 2010</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>PANi/PANi-g-MWNT mixture was prepared from in situ static interfacial polymerization. Without proton doping, the conductivity of the mixture was 4.9 S/cm, which is in the range of semimetallic transport property. The excellent electronic conductivity should be because MWNT severed as nonvolatile dopant and conducting bridge. The capacitance of the mixture was also greatly enhanced and its capacitance decay with respect to cycle times was significantly reduced. <img src='wiley_img_2010/0887624X-2010-48-9-POLA23963-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/0887624X-2010-48-9-POLA23963-gra001'> </P>

Metalloid tellurium-doped graphene nanoplatelets as ultimately stable electrocatalysts for cobalt reduction reaction in dye-sensitized solar cells

Jeon, In-Yup,Kim, Hong Mo,Kweon, Do Hyung,Jung, Sun-Min,Seo, Jeong-Min,Shin, Sun-Hee,Choi, In Taek,Eom, Yu Kyung,Kang, Sung Ho,Kim, Hwan Kyu,Ju, Myung Jong,Baek, Jong-Beom Elsevier 2016 Nano energy Vol.30 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>One feasible alternative to Pt catalyst in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is metalloid tellurium (Te)-doped graphene nanoplatelets (TeGnPs). These were prepared by ball-milling graphite in the presence of Te crystals. Introduction of Te at the edges of TeGnPs was confirmed with various analytical techniques including time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). The resultant TeGnPs are herein evaluated as counter electrode (CE) materials for the cobalt reduction reaction (CRR) in DSSCs. TeGnP-CE exhibits much lower charge transfer resistance (<I>R</I> <SUB>ct</SUB>=0.15Ωcm<SUP>2</SUP>) than that (<I>R</I> <SUB>ct</SUB>=1.77Ωcm<SUP>2</SUP>) of Pt-CE. More importantly, TeGnP-CE displays an extreme electrochemical stability for the Co(bpy)<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>2+/3+</SUP> (bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) redox couple even after 1000 potential cycles. The SM315-based DSSC fabricated with TeGnP-CE shows a better power conversion efficiency (PCE=11.58%) than that with Pt-CE (11.03%), suggesting that TeGnP-CE could be one of the best alternatives to Pt-CE in DSSCs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Tellurium (Te)-doped graphene nanoplatelets (TeGnPs) was, for the first time, prepared by mechanochemical reaction. </LI> <LI> TeGnPs were tested as a material for counter electrode (CE) in dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC). </LI> <LI> TeGnPs showed much low charge transfer resistance, extreme electrochemical stability and high power conversion efficiency compared with conventional Pt-CE. </LI> <LI> The results suggested that TeGnPs can be one of the best alternatives to expensive Pt-CE. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>Tellurium-doped graphene nanoplatelets (TeGnPs) electrocatalysts for cobalt reduction reaction (CRR) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) displayed much higher electrocatalytic activities with almost ‘zero-loss’ electrochemical stability than did Pt.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Direct and efficient conversion from low-quality graphite to high-quality graphene nanoplatelets

Jeon, In-Yup,Noh, Hyuk-Jun,Baek, Jong-Beom Elsevier 2018 Flatchem Vol.12 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Low-quality graphite (L-graphite), containing various impurities (<I>e.g.</I>, metals and inorganics), can be directly and efficiently converted into high-quality iodine-doped graphene nanoplatelets (HIGnPs) <I>via</I> mechanochemical ball-milling in the presence of iodine (I<SUB>2</SUB>) with subsequent work-up procedures. Despite using L-graphite, the resultant HIGnPs show high-quality characteristics, including large specific surface area (969 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP>), lower metallic residues, and well-maintained graphitic structure. In addition, HIGnPs display remarkable electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), involving benefits such as higher selectivity, longer-term stability, and better tolerance to methanol crossover/CO poisoning effects. Therefore, simple mechanochemical ball-milling in solid state can produce high-quality graphene nanoplatelets in large quantity at low-cost for commercialization, regardless of the initial quality of the graphite.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Low-quality graphite was simply converted into high-quality iodine-doped graphene nanoplatelets. </LI> <LI> Despite using low-quality graphite, the iodine-doped graphene nanoplatelets show high-quality characteristics. </LI> <LI> Iodine-doped graphene nanoplatelets have large specific surface area of 969 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP>. </LI> <LI> Iodine-doped graphene nanoplatelets display remarkable electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction. </LI> <LI> High-quality graphene nanoplatelets can be produced <I>via</I> simple mechanochemical ball-milling large quantity at low-cost. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>High-quality iodine-doped graphene nanoplatelets (HIGnPs) were prepared <I>via</I> mechanochemical ball-milling low-quality graphite (L-graphite) in the presence of iodine (I<SUB>2</SUB>) with subsequent work-up procedures. The resultant HIGnPs exhibit large specific surface area (969 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>−1</SUP>), lower metallic residues, and well-maintained graphitic structure. In addition, HIGnPs show excellent electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Self-controlled synthesis of hyperbranched poly(ether-ketone)s from A₂ + B₃ approach in poly(phosphoric acid)

Jeon, In-Yup,Tan, Loon-Seng,Baek, Jong-Beom Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of polymer science Part A, Polymer chemist Vol.47 No.13

<P>Self-controlled synthesis of hyperbranched poly(ether-ketone)s (HPEKs) were prepared from “A<SUB>2</SUB> + B<SUB>3</SUB>” approach by using different monomer solubility in reaction medium. 1,3,5-Triphenoxybenzene as a hydrophobic B<SUB>3</SUB> monomer was reacted with commercially available terephthalic acid or 4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid) as a hydrophilic A<SUB>2</SUB> monomer in a hydrophilic reaction medium, polyphosphoric acid (PPA)/phosphorous pentoxide (P<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>). The resultant HPEKs were soluble in various common organic solvents and had the weight-average molecular weight in the range of 3900–13,400 g/mol. The results implied that HPEKs were branched structures instead of crosslinked polymers. The molecular sizes and shapes of HPEKs were further assured by morphological investigation with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Hence, the applied polymerization condition was indeed strong enough to efficiently facilitate polycondensation via “direct” Friedel-Crafts reaction without gelation. It could be concluded that the polymer forming reaction was kinetically controlled by automatic and slow feeding of the hydrophobic B<SUB>3</SUB> monomer into the hydrophilic reaction mixture containing hydrophilic comonomer. As a result, hyperbranched structures were formed instead of crosslinked polymers even at full conversion (equifunctional monomer feed ratio). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 3326–3336, 2009</P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>Hyperbranched poly(ether-ketone)s (HPEKs) were prepared from hydrophilic A<SUB>2</SUB> and hydrophobic B<SUB>3</SUB> monomers in a hydrophobic reaction medium without gelation. The resultant HPEKs were completely soluble in a variety of common solvents, which was a strong indication that there were no insoluble gels. Thus, it could be concluded the polymer-forming reaction was kinetically controlled up to a maximum conversion. The results could portend that proper selection of monomers and reaction medium would be cost-effective for the preparation of hyperbranched polymers. <img src='wiley_img/0887624X-2009-47-13-POLA23402-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/0887624X-2009-47-13-POLA23402-gra001'> </P>

<i>TP53</i> Mutations in Korean Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer

Lee, Eung Bae,Jin, Guang,Lee, Shin Yup,Park, Ji Young,Kim, Min Jung,Choi, Jin Eun,Jeon, Hyo Sung,Cha, Seung Ick,Cho, Sukki,Kim, Chang Ho,Park, Tae-In,Jung, Tae Hoon,Son, Ji-Woong,Park, Jae Yong The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2010 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.25 No.5

<P>Although <I>TP53</I> mutations have been widely studied in lung cancer, the majority of studies have focused on exons 5-8 of the gene. In addition, <I>TP53</I> mutations in Korean patients with lung cancers have not been investigated. We searched for mutations in the entire coding exons, including splice sites of the gene, in Korean patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Mutations of the gene were determined by direct sequencing in 176 NSCLCs. Sixty-nine mutations (62 different mutations) were identified in 65 tumors. Of the 62 mutations, 12 were novel mutations. <I>TP53</I> mutations were more frequent in males, ever-smokers and squamous cell carcinomas than in females, never-smokers and adenocarcinomas, respectively (all comparisons, <I>P</I><0.001). Missense mutations were most common (52.2%), but frameshift, nonsense, and splice-site mutations were frequently observed at frequencies of 18.8%, 15.9% and 10.1%, respectively. Of the 69 mutations, 9 (13.0%) were found in the oligomerization domain. In addition, the proportion of mutations in the oligomerization domain was significantly higher in adenocarcinomas than in squamous cell carcinomas (23.5% vs. 2.9%, <I>P</I>=0.01). Our study provides clinical and molecular characteristics of <I>TP53</I> mutations in Korean patients with NSCLCs.</P>

Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Transglutaminase 4

Cho, Sung-Yup,Jeon, Ju-Hong,Kim, Chai-Wan,Shin, Dong-Myung,Jang, Gi-Yong,Jeong, Eui Man,Lee, Sang Eun,Song, Kye-Yong,Kim, In-Gyu Mary Ann Liebert 2010 Hybridoma Vol.29 No.3

<P>Transglutaminase 4 (TG4) is a member of the enzyme family that catalyzes the calcium-dependent post-translational modification of proteins via cross-linking, polyamination, or deamidation. TG4 exhibits prostate-specific expression pattern and plays a crucial role in the formation of the copulatory plug in rodents. However, the physiological function(s) of human TG4 remains speculative. Human TG4 has been postulated to participate in the maturation process of sperm by modifying its cell surface, which results in suppression of sperm antigenicity in the female genital tract. To better understand the pathophysiological role of TG4 in prostate tissue, we generated monoclonal antibodies (MAb) against human TG4 in mice by repeated injections with the recombinant human TG4. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the selected MAbs react specifically with TG4, but not with other isoenzymes of the TG family. Immunocytochemical and immunohistochemical analyses showed that specific staining is observed with the cells overexpressing TG4 and with the paraffin-embedded prostate tissue specimens obtained from the benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer patients, respectively. Our results indicate that these MAbs are suitable for detecting TG4 in the cultured cells or prostate tissues for investigating the biological functions of human TG4.</P>

Formation of Large-Area Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Film Prepared from Simple Solution Casting of Edge-Selectively Functionalized Graphite and Its Electrocatalytic Activity

Jeon, In-Yup,Yu, Dingshan,Bae, Seo-Yoon,Choi, Hyun-Jung,Chang, Dong Wook,Dai, Liming,Baek, Jong-Beom American Chemical Society 2011 Chemistry of materials Vol.23 No.17

<P>“Pristine” graphite is edge-selectively functionalized with 4-aminobenzoic acid by a “direct” Friedel–Crafts acylation reaction in a polyphosphoric acid/phosphorus pentoxide medium to produce 4-aminobenzoyl edge-functionalized graphite (EFG). The EFG is readily dispersible in <I>N</I>-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). Subsequent solution casting leads to the formation of large-area graphene film on a silicon wafer. The film shows sheet resistances of 60 and 200 Ω/sq, respectively, before and after heat treatment at 900 °C in an argon atmosphere. Upon the heat treatment, the EFG film becomes a N-doped graphene (N-graphene) film to display outstanding electrocatalytic activity for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR).</P><P>Aminobenzoyl edge-functionalized graphite (EFG) is prepared and readily dispersed in <I>N-</I>methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). Thus, large-area graphene film can be simply prepared by solution casting. Upon heat treatment at 900 °C in an argon atmosphere, the EFG film becomes a N-doped graphene film (N-graphene) and displays similar properties as N-graphene film prepared from a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2011/cmatex.2011.23.issue-17/cm201542m/production/images/medium/cm-2011-01542m_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm201542m'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>