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Biorisk Assessment of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories in Nigeria
Oladeinde, Bankole Henry,Omoregie, Richard,Odia, Ikponmwonsa,Osakue, Eguagie Osareniro,Imade, Odaro Stanley Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2013 Safety and health at work Vol.4 No.2
Background: The aim of this study was to assess public and private medical diagnostic laboratories in Nigeria for the presence of biosafety equipment, devices, and measures. Methods: A total of 80 diagnostic laboratories in biosafety level 3 were assessed for the presence of biosafety equipment, devices, and compliance rate with biosafety practices. A detailed questionnaire and checklist was used to obtain the relevant information from enlisted laboratories. Results: The results showed the presence of an isolated unit for microbiological work, leak-proof working benches, self-closing doors, emergency exits, fire extinguisher(s), autoclaves, and hand washing sinks in 21.3%, 71.3%, 15.0%, 1.3%, 11.3%, 82.5%, and 67.5%, respectively, of all laboratories surveyed. It was observed that public diagnostic laboratories were significantly more likely to have an isolated unit for microbiological work (p = 0.001), hand washing sink (p = 0.003), and an autoclave ($p{\leq}0.001$) than private ones. Routine use of hand gloves, biosafety cabinet, and a first aid box was observed in 35.0%, 20.0%, and 2.5%, respectively, of all laboratories examined. Written standard operating procedures, biosafety manuals, and biohazard signs on door entrances were observed in 6.3%, 1.3%, and 3.8%, respectively, of all audited laboratories. No biosafety officer(s) or records of previous spills, or injuries and accidents, were observed in all diagnostic laboratories studied. Conclusion: In all laboratories (public and private) surveyed, marked deficiencies were observed in the area of administrative control responsible for implementing biosafety. Increased emphasis on provision of biosafety devices and compliance with standard codes of practices issued by relevant authorities is strongly advocated.
Biorisk Assessment of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories in Nigeria
Bankole Henry Oladeinde,Richard Omoregie,Ikponmwonsa Odia,Eguagie Osareniro Osakue,Odaro Stanley Imade 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 2013 Safety and health at work Vol.4 No.2
Background: The aim of this study was to assess public and private medical diagnostic laboratories in Nigeria for the presence of biosafety equipment, devices, and measures. Methods: A total of 80 diagnostic laboratories in biosafety level 3 were assessed for the presence of biosafety equipment, devices, and compliance rate with biosafety practices. A detailed questionnaire and checklist was used to obtain the relevant information from enlisted laboratories. Results: The results showed the presence of an isolated unit for microbiological work, leak-proof working benches, self-closing doors, emergency exits, fire extinguisher(s), autoclaves, and hand washing sinks in 21.3%, 71.3%, 15.0%, 1.3%, 11.3%, 82.5%, and 67.5%, respectively, of all laboratories surveyed. It was observed that public diagnostic laboratories were significantly more likely to have an isolated unit for microbiological work (p ¼ 0.001), hand washing sink (p ¼ 0.003), and an autoclave (p ? 0.001) than private ones. Routine use of hand gloves, biosafety cabinet, and a first aid box was observed in 35.0%, 20.0%, and 2.5%, respectively, of all laboratories examined. Written standard operating procedures, biosafety manuals, and biohazard signs on door entrances were observed in 6.3%, 1.3%, and 3.8%, respectively, of all audited laboratories. No biosafety officer(s) or records of previous spills, or injuries and accidents, were observed in all diagnostic laboratories studied. Conclusion: In all laboratories (public and private) surveyed, marked deficiencies were observed in the area of administrative control responsible for implementing biosafety. Increased emphasis on provision of biosafety devices and compliance with standard codes of practices issued by relevant authorities is strongly advocated.
Design of control system for steel striprolling mill using NARMA-L2
Imad O. Bachi,Abdulbaseer S. Bahedh,Imad A. Kheioon 대한기계학회 2021 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.35 No.4
A Simulink and mathematical models have been proposed in this study in order to control the thickness in a rolling mill process. The simulation results show that the thickness oscillation can be manipulated with high accuracy by using NARMA-L2, since it can remove the non-linearity of servo system and other disturbances complexities. The proposed NARMA-L2 controller model has been compared with a more popular PID controller and demonstrated high efficiency. The model also demonstrated its ability to be resilient under any sudden changes in system dynamics. This efficacy continues to increase even in linear or nonlinear disturbances. For proving the efficiency of the model, it had been tested with different cases such as uniform or variable thickness, large thickness, small thickness... etc, and it had appeared acceptable robustness when subjected to sudden disturbances. Very small rise time and overshoot can be obtained. Also, with precision optimization of the main parameter of NARMA-L2 the steadystate error may be removed. Accurate profiles can be manufactured for the steel plates in a hot rolling mill by consideration of the presented strategy. More sources of nonlinearities of rolling systems are taken into account in this work. The results of the nonlinear case have been implemented for uniform and non-uniform thickness of the steel plate, where, it appeared very acceptable performance of the proposed model with high efficiency to avoid the sharp edges of the sheet profile. Recent manufacturing requirements need high precision of milling products, therefore, the present study explains the intelligent strategies that can be considered to reach this object. The result shows that fast control behavior with low uncertainties can be achieved. In some rolling mill applications, variable thickness products cannot be constructed with conventional approaches, theretofore, artificial intelligent with hard learning should be introduced.