루이제 린저의 남북한 여행기에 나타난 한국의 표상

박재영(Park, Jae-Young) 한국외국어대학교 역사문화연구소 2008 역사문화연구 Vol.30 No.-

역사적 사료로서의 여행기의 중요성은 재론할 필요가 없지만, 실제로 여행기의 분석을 통해 냉전시대 동서독과 남북한의 상호 이미지를 파악하기 위한 본격적인 연구는 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 전후시대 독일의 대표적인 여류작가로 평가되는 루이제 린저는 한국에서도 광범한 독자층을 가지고 있는데, 한 가지 특기할 만한 사실은 그녀가 냉전시대, 구체적으로 1975년과 1980년 남한과 북한을 모두 방문한 서독의 여류작가라는 점이다. 필자는 루이제 린저(Luise Rinser)의 남북한 여행기, 즉 『고래들이 싸울 때-한국의 초상(Wenn die Wale kämpfen-Porträt eines Landes: Südkorea)』과 『또 하나의 조국: 루이제 린저의 북한방문기(Nord-koreanisches Reisetagebuch)』의 분석을 통해 냉전시대 같은 분단국인 서독의 한 여류작가의 눈에 비친 남북한의 표상을 재구성하고자 하였다. 루이제 린저의 한국에 대한 표상은 무엇보다 먼저 남한여행기의 제목인 『고래들이 싸울 때: 한국의 초상』에서 분명하게 드러나고 있는데, 이는 “고래싸움에 새우등 터진다(Wenn die Wale kämpfen, zittern die Garnelen)”는 한국의 옛 속담에 연유한다. 여기에서 고래는 냉전 이데올로기 시대의 초강대국인 미국과 소련을, 새우는 한국전쟁과 분단의 지속으로 냉전의 희생양이 된 남한과 북한을 의미한다. 루이제 린저의 친북한적이고 남한에 대한 부정적인 표상은 지난 나치시대 그녀가 겪었던 국가반역 혐의로 인한 혹독한 고문과 사형판결의 경험, 그의 절친한 한국 친구였던 작곡가 윤이상이 ‘동베를린사건’으로 간첩으로 몰려 옥고를 치른 일, 그리고 박정희 정권의 독재정치에 맞서 싸웠던 남한 민주화 인사들과의 만남과 교류를 통해서 더욱 고정화된 것으로 보인다. 박정희에 의한 한국 민주주의의 탄압은 히틀러와 나치정권의 국가적 폭력과 억압이라는 린저에게는 혐오스러울 수밖에 없는 극우적이고 파쇼적인 지배체제라는 공통점을 가지고 있기 때문이다. 린저의 작품 『옥중일기』에 나오는 나치정권에 대한 혐오와 공포, 고통과 불안은 그녀가 남한여행기에 서술하고 있는 박정희 정권의 독재, 민주주의와 인권탄압과 자연스럽게 오버랩(overlap) 된다. 결국 한 개인이 자신의 이데올로기적 편향성과 과거의 경험으로부터 오는 선입견이 타자에 대한 인식의 오류를 일으킬 수 있다는 하나의 사례를 우리는 린저의 북한여행기를 통해 살펴 볼 수 있다. Though it needs not to re-mention the importance of a record of travel as historical data, studies in full swing in order to catch it's mutual image between South-North Korea and East-West germany in the time of Cold war through real analysis of the travel record are very unsatisfactory. Luise Rinser who is evaluated as the representative female writer of BRD after the Second World War has many widespread class of readers in Korea. One thing to be mentioned in very special is that she had experienced to visit South and North Korea specifically in 1975 and 1980 during the time of the Cold war. I tried to reconstitute the symbolized shapes of South-North Korea which was taken by West Germany(same country to be cut in halves)'s female writer through analyzing her book of “Wenn die Wale kämpfen - Porträt eines Landes: Südkorea” and “Nord-koreanisches Reisetagebuch”. First of all, The emblem for Korea is very clearly expressed in the title of the record book in South Korea - “Wenn die Wale kämpfen - Porträt eines Landes: Südkorea”, this is originated from Korea's old proverb like “Wenn die Wale kämpfen, zittern die Garnelen”. In here, The whale means America and U.S.S.R to be very strong in the time of the Cold War and shrimp means South-North Korea that had been scapegoat because of being continued of Korean war and devide in halves. Luise Rinser's negative show against South Korea but North Korea to be friendly - these stereotypes - it seemed to make her stereotype more strong by her experience of the torture caused by plotting against the state and a death sentence, the hardships of prison life of I-Sang Yoon who was the composer to be a very intimate friend with her because of “Spy-Affairs of East-Berlin” and the meeting and interchanges with many democratized peoples of South Korea who had fought against Jeong Hee Park's autocracy. The suppression against the Korean democracy by the President of South Korea Park had the point of sameness - so called - extreme right and fascio ruling system, it made her to be hated about it(Hitler and Nazi political power's national repression). The hate, horror, pain and unrest against Nazi to be written in her “diary in prison” is overlapped naturally with Park's dictatorship and human right and democracy suppression to be written in “Travel in South Korea”. At last, we can see the Case that the bias from past's experiences and ideology's leaning by personal's thinking can make mistakes through “Record to Travel in North Korea”.

3차원 수치해석을 통한 개착터널내 단면변화구간의 손상미케니즘 연구

박재영,손정훈,박광림,오영석,Park, Jae-Young,Son, Jeong-Hun,Park, Kwang-Lim,Oh, Young-Seok 한국터널지하공간학회 2012 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.14 No.6

본 연구는 터널의 단면변화구간에서 발생한 손상 미케니즘에 대하여 이루어졌다. 이를 위해 단면변화 구간을 대상으로 다양한 현장조사 및 시험을 실시하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 2차원 및 3차원 수치해석을 수행하였다. 현장조사 및 시험 결과, 슬래브 손상에 대한 직접적인 원인을 찾을 수 없었으며, 2차원 수치해석을 수행한 결과 기준 안전율(1.0)을 만족하는 것으로 분석되었다. 추가로 수행한 3차원 수치해석 결과, 기둥 간격의 변화에 따라 슬래브 휨응력 변화를 전달시키지 못해 손상이 발생한 것으로 분석되었다. 보강을 위해 터널내 기둥을 추가하는 방안을 적용하였으며 그 결과, 상부 슬래브 비틀림 형상이 완화되어 보강 효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 단면 변화 구간의 경우 2차원 뿐만 아니라, 3차원으로 영향범위를 고려하여 설계에 반영한다면, 합리적이고 안정적으로 건설 및 유지관리가 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 추후에는 개착터널내 단면변화 구간에서 구조물에 영향을 최소화할 수 있는 보강방안에 대해 연구를 계속하고자 한다. This study made progress about Demage Mechanism of Transition Section in Cut and Cover Tunnel. For this study, Inspection and test was carried out about Transition Section. After this process, Numerical Analysis was accomplished by 2D, 3D. A result of inspection and test, It couldn't find the reason why the upper slab Demage was detected. So 2D Numerical Analysis was conducted. It was analyzed that the Safety Factor(1.0) was satisfied in 2D. But, the result of 3D Numerical Analysis, The reason was found that the Demage on upper slab was caused by moment change. The Moment was changed by column interval transition. For Retrofitting, Column was added under slab in tunnel. It was found that the addition column decreased upper slab deformation. After this study, It could be find that are important 3D Numerical Analysis as well as 2D Numerical Analysis in case of Transition Section. This Study can help developing construction and maintenance about Tunnel. Finally, It's going to study Retrofitting plans which have minimum influence of Transition Section in Cut and Cover Tunnel.

ADH1B와 ALDH2 활성 조합이 젊은 한국인의 음주 행동에 미치는 영향

박재영,김시경,이상익,Park, Jae-Young,Kim, Sie-Kyeong,Lee, Sang-Ick 대한생물정신의학회 2010 생물정신의학 Vol.17 No.1

Objectives : It is well-known that Korean people show distinctive drinking behaviors depending on the gene polymorphisms of alcohol metabolizing enzymes. This study examined the gene polymorphisms of ALDH2 and ADH1B and their combination on the drinking behaviors of Korean young adults. Methods : Through a follow-up survey performed for a cohort consisting of 551 university freshmen for six years, the authors attempted to identify genetic factors affecting drinking behaviors. In 2000, drinking behaviors and scores of CAGE questionnaires were assessed and ALDH2 gene polymorphism was determined with PCR-RFLP. In 2006(n= 150), AUDIT-K was assessed in addition to the above and gene polymorphism of ADH1B was determined through SNaPshot$^{TM}$ method. Results : While ALDH2*2 allele was associated with increased degree of drinking in 2000 and 2006. When both enzymes were active, the possibility to be classified into the risk group for alcohol dependence such as AUDIT-K(>12), and CAGE(>2) was high. Conclusion : The ALDH2 genotype had a significant effect on drinking behavior and degree of drinking during early adulthood. However, the combination of the active form of ADH1B and the active form of ALDH2 can be risk factor for problem drinking.

안전관리 <재해손실이 건설경영에 미치는 영향>

박재영,Park, Jae-Young 한국건축시공학회 2002 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.2 No.2

건설업의 재해와 예방대책

박재영,Park, Jae-Young 한국건축시공학회 2004 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.4 No.2

인구사회적 요인, 암, 일부 전신질환 등이 자살에 미치는 영향: 성별, 연령별 분석

박재영,채유미,정상혁,문기태,Park, Jae-Young,Chae, Yoo-Mi,Jung, Sang-Hyuk,Moon, Ki-Tae 대한예방의학회 2008 예방의학회지 Vol.41 No.1

Objectives : We examined the effect of sociodemographic factors, cancer, and psychiatric disorders on suicide by gender and age-specific patterns in South Korea. Methods : The study is a case-control study. Claim data was obtained from the national health insurance database and national death registration database. The number of people who committed suicide was 11,523, which was matched with a control group consisting of ten times as many people at 115,230 selected from the national health insurance and medical aids beneficiaries. The medical utilization of the case group was one year before death and that of the control group was from July 1,2003 to June 30, 2004. Four variables-address, economic status, presence of a psychiatric disease, and cancer-were used in multiple logistic regression analyses. Results : Living in cities or in rural areas showed a greater risk for suicide than living in a metropolitan city. Low economic status, the presence of a psychiatric disorder, and cancer were also statistically meaningful risk factors for suicide. The three major psychiatric diseases, schizophrenia, alcohol abuse, and bipolar disorder, were meaningful in all age groups, but the scale of the odds ratio differed by the age group. Only the psychiatric disorder variable was meaningful in the adolescent group, whereas a psychiatric disorder and economic status were meaningful for the young adult group, and all variables were meaningful for the middle-aged group. A psychiatric disorder and cancer were meaningful in the elderly group, economic status was meaningful for male subjects, and address was meaningful for female subjects. Conclusions : Factors such as living in city or rural areas, low economic status, the presence of a psychiatric disorder, and cancer were statistically meaningful risk factors in suicide. These factors also differed by age group. Therefore, policymakers should establish policies for suicide prevention that are relevant for each age group.

사람태아골모세포에 대한 근골격이식재의 골형성 유도에 관한 효과

박재영,피성희,신형식,Park, Jae-young,Pi, Sung-Hee,Shin, Hyung-Shik 대한치주과학회 2006 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.36 No.2

DFDBA(Decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft) is one of the allograft materials for periodontal bone regeneration. DFDBA provides an osteoconductive surface and osteoinductive factors. Therefore, DFDBA have been used successfully to regenerate the attachment apparatus during periodontal treatment. But recent studies was reported that wide variations in commercial bone bank preparations of DFDBA do exist, including the ability to induce new bone formation. DFDBA was experimental materials that was recovered, processed, tested, shipped and invoiced through Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation. MTF(Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation) is the world largest, non-profit, AATB(American Association of Tissue Banks) accredited tissue bank. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of serial dilutions of a DFDBA on human fetal osteoblastic cell proliferation and their potential to form and mineralize bone nodules. Human fetal osteoblastic cell line(hFOB 1.19) was cultured with DMEM and SSE($1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$,$10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $1mg/m{\ell}$) at $34^{\circ}C$ with 5% CO2 in 100% humidity. Cell proliferation was significantly increased at $1mg/m{\ell}$, $100{\mu}g$, $10{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $1{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, $100ng/m{\ell}$, $10ng/m{\ell}$, $1ng/m{\ell}$ of DFDBA after 5 days incubation (p<0.05). Alkaline Phosphatase(ALP) level was significantly increased in $100ng/m{\ell}$, $10ng/m{\ell}$, $1ng/m{\ell}$ of DFDABA(p<0.05). A quantified calcium accumulation was significantly increased at $1ng/m{\ell}$, $10ng/m{\ell}$ of MTF(p<0.05). These results indicated that DFDBA has an inductive effect on bone formation in vitro.

맥문동약침액(麥門冬藥鍼液)이 Streptozotocin으로 유발된 흰쥐의 당뇨병에 미치는 영향

박재영,박희수,Park, Jae-Young,Park, Hea-Su 대한약침학회 2000 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.3 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Liriopis Tuber Herbal-Acupuncture on Diabetes Mellitus induced by streptozotocin in rat. Body weight, serum insulin, glucose, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, free cholesterol and total protein were measured in streptozotocin induced diabetic rat injected with Liriopis Tuber Herbal-Acupuncture solution at Pisu(BL20) respectively for 30 days. In order to study the effects of Liriopis Tuber Herbal-Acupuncture at Pisu(BL20) on Diabetes Mellitus induced by Streptozotocin in rat, The groups were divided into five groups; Normal group(non treated group), N.-Saline group(administration of injection with normal saline at BL20 in 30 days after streptozotocin injection), Control group(non treated group after streptozotocin injection), H. Acup. group (administration of Liriopis Tuber Herbal-Acupuncture at BL20 in 30 days after streptozotocin injection), and Acup. group (administration of acupuncture at BL20 in 30 days after streptozotocin injection). The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. As compared with Control group, there wae no significant tendency to diminish the rate of weight loss in H. - Acup. group. 2. As compared with Control group, there wae signiticant increase of serum insulin level in H. -Acup. group. 3. As compared with Control group, there was decrease of glucose level in H.- Acup. group. 4. As compared with Control group, there was decrease of triglyceride level in H. - Acup. group. 5. As compared with Control group, trere wae increase of HDL cholesterol level in H. - Acup. group. 6. As compared with Control group, there was significant increase of free cholesterol level in H. - Acup. group. 7. As compared with Control group, there was Increase of total protein level in H. - Acup. group. According to above mentioned results, Liriopis Tuber Herbal-Acupuncture was expected to be effective in treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and its complications.

안전관리<안전을 고려한 대공간 구조물 시공법>

박재영,Park, Jae-Young 한국건축시공학회 2002 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.2 No.3

기계적합금화법에 의한 과공정 Al-Si 합금 미세화제 개발 및 개량효과에 관한 연구

박재영,이재상,나형용 ( Jae Young Park,Jae Sang Lee,Hyung Yong Ra ) 한국주조공학회 1995 한국주조공학회지 Vol.15 No.4

N/A Recently Al-Cu-P alloys are used to refine primary Si of hypereutectic Al-Si alloys. Because it has inside AlP compound that acts as nucleation site in the melt, Al-Cu-P alloy has good refinement effect in lower holding temperature and after shoter holding times. In this study Al-Cu-P refinement agent was made by mechanical alloying method. When Al-13.5wt%Cu-1.5wt%P was alloyed mechanically for 30hr in Ar atmosphere by high energy ball mill, it had the refinement effect that showed primary Si size of about 30㎛ in Al-20wt%Si at 760℃, treated for 15min.