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권익수(Kwon, Iksoo) 한국언어학회 2015 언어 Vol.40 No.3
This squib aims to show that Chung’s (2014) efforts to undermine Kwon’s (2013) counterargument against her original claim (Chung 2012) with regard to the identity of the sentence final suffix -ney are not successful. Her argument that -ney is not an epistemic modal marker loses its ground in that it DOES interact with epistemic modal adverbials, in that -ta does not belong to the same grammatical paradigm as ?ney (rather, -e/-a does), and in that -ney still accompanies with conceptual distancing. Furthermore, another main claim of Chung (2014), which is that -ney should be given an assertive mood marker indicating that the proposition in question is informative to the speaker, would not be convincing until Chung provides clearer explanation of relationship between the categories of assertive mood and of her own ‘spatial deictic tense,’ the latter of which she originally claims -ney belongs to. Based on the discussion, this squib suggests that -ney can still be claimed to be an epistemic modal marker with mirativity and further shows that its conceptual distancing actually accounts for some seemingly non-canonical examples in Chung’s accounts.
Medicine for Shoes and Lanterns
Iksoo Kwon 담화·인지언어학회 2017 담화와 인지 Vol.24 No.1
This paper explores various meanings of the Korean word yak ‘medicine’ or ‘chemical product’; specifically, I explore its uses in the compound structure of X+yak. The candidates for the element X are words denoting the product’s substance, shape, function, beneficiary, things that it gets rid of, and the manner in which it is used. I argue that the various meanings of yak accounted for in its uses in compounds form a polysemous semantic network because of their conceptual relatedness. The radial category of yak can be understood only in a semantic frame in which humans produce the substance in order to create effects on something or somebody. This paper further discusses how conceptual metaphor and metonymy are critical cognitive mechanisms involved in the formation of yak’s semantic network.
( Iksoo Kwon ) 경희대학교 언어연구소 2016 언어연구 Vol.33 No.1
The aim of this paper is to explore the semantic properties and distributions of the various predicates involving cutting and breaking in Korean. I show that both CUT and BREAK predicates are sensitive to the characteristics of the theme entity. CUT predicates are sensitive to the theme’s texture and shape, to the prototypical zone of separation, and to its semantic domain. The BREAK predicates are sensitive to the theme’s texture and shape and to whether it is a functional artifact. In terms of morphosyntax, the CUT and BREAK predicates in Korean are lexically transitive; it is possible to express intransitive and/or inchoative semantics by using a passive marker or the anticausative marker. In the agent-focused constructions, i.e., actives, the BREAK verbs may be used with or without the causative morpheme -ttuli- (The CUT verbs are not normally marked for causativity). In the theme-focused constructions, i.e., passives and middles, either the anticausative morpheme -eci- or one of the passive morphemes must be used; the passive markers may only be used with CUT verbs, while the anticausative marker may be used with either. Some of the breaking predicates contain the completive auxiliary nay-, which overtly encodes that an action has been completed - in this case, that complete separation has occurred. Some of the other predicates entail that some particular result state, i.e. some particular type of separation, has occurred.(Hankuk University of Foreign Studies)
Mental Spaces in the Korean Reportive /Quotative Evidentiality Marker -Ay
Iksoo Kwon 담화·인지언어학회 2011 담화와 인지 Vol.18 No.2
This paper explores functional properties and distributions of Korean reportive and quotative evidentiality marker ?ay. I argue that the attempt to explain -ay only in terms of a syntactic constraint fails, because the marker’s function is a matter of (inter)subjective semantics that arises from complex interactions among the multiple viewpoints that are involved. In this vein, within the framework of Mental Spaces Theory (Fauconnier 1994, 1997), this study shows that we can explain examples that are beyond syntactic constraints as well as canonical examples of the construction in a unified way. To provide cognitively motivated accounts, I argued that the Evidentiality construction requires another way of space building because of the presuppositional characteristic of information that the construction accommodates. I called it Presuppositional Space Accommodation and explored how it works for the Korean Evidentiality construction.
Iconicity and conceptual metaphor in military hand signals
( Iksoo Kwon ),( Jung Eun Lee ),( Jinree Jeon ),( Young Eun Park ) 경희대학교 언어연구소 2016 언어연구 Vol.33 No.2
This paper explores military hand signals as a type of non-verbal language modality. We show that this type of sign language involves a construal process that relies on, first, iconic, and second, metaphoric relationships between the thing signed and the gesture. Although they are, unlike primary sign language, used among non-deaf people with very limited inventory and involve very little reciprocity, military hand signals still provide another indicator of human cognition and conceptualization based on iconicity and conceptual metaphor. This paper thoroughly discusses a few hand signal examples from a US Army ROTC field manual and non-fiction military movie/TV show clips and provides systematic explanations of how iconicity and metaphor guide interlocutors to grasp the meanings conveyed by the signals as a non-verbal modality. Based on the analyses, this paper addresses characteristics of military hand signals especially on their form-meaning relationship and their status in the typology of gestures in general. (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies) 5
Forward Causality in Basic Communicative Spaces Networks
Iksoo Kwon 담화·인지언어학회 2012 담화와 인지 Vol.19 No.1
The construal of causality is based in three domains, the Content, Epistemic, and Speech-Act domains; this relationship is assumed to be universal (Dancygier and Sweetser 2005; Sanders et al. 2009). This paper aims to show that these three causal domains are indeed relvant to the construal of Korean forward causal constructions (Cause + [Connective] + Consequence). In particular, I examine the -ese and -nikka causal constructions, showing that Korean tends to linguistically distinguish the content domain from the other two, in the choice between the causal connectives -ese (Content) and -nikka (Epistemic and Speech act). This paper describes which connectives access which of the three causal domains, addressing the functional properties of these forward causality constructions. It models the construal of the target constructions within the framework of Basic Communicative Spaces Networks (Sanders et al. 2009) to provide a better understanding of the conceptual structures evoked in their construal.