Substituted <i>N</i> -(Biphenyl-4′-yl)methyl ( <i>R</i> )-2-Acetamido-3-methoxypropionamides: Potent Anticonvulsants That Affect Frequency (Use) Dependence and Slow Inactivation of Sodium Channels

Lee, Hyosung,Park, Ki Duk,Torregrosa, Robert,Yang, Xiao-Fang,Dustrude, Erik T.,Wang, Yuying,Wilson, Sarah M.,Barbosa, Cindy,Xiao, Yucheng,Cummins, Theodore R.,Khanna, Rajesh,Kohn, Harold American Chemical Society 2014 Journal of medicinal chemistry Vol.57 No.14

<P/><P>We prepared 13 derivatives of <I>N</I>-(biphenyl-4′-yl)methyl (<I>R</I>)-2-acetamido-3-methoxypropionamide that differed in type and placement of a R-substituent in the terminal aryl unit. We demonstrated that the R-substituent impacted the compound’s whole animal and cellular pharmacological activities. In rodents, select compounds exhibited excellent anticonvulsant activities and protective indices (PI = TD<SUB>50</SUB>/ED<SUB>50</SUB>) that compared favorably with clinical antiseizure drugs. Compounds with a polar, aprotic R-substituent potently promoted Na<SUP>+</SUP> channel slow inactivation and displayed frequency (use) inhibition of Na<SUP>+</SUP> currents at low micromolar concentrations. The possible advantage of affecting these two pathways to decrease neurological hyperexcitability is discussed.</P>

Controlling the interfacial dipole via functionalization of quinoxaline-based small molecules for electron transport layer in organic light emitting diodes

Lee Seok Woo,Fan Xiangyang,Whang Dong Ryeol,Jang Ji Won,Choi Hyosung,Chang Dong Wook,Lee Bo Ram 한국정보디스플레이학회 2023 Journal of information display Vol.24 No.3

Optoelectronic devices with organic semiconductors, such as organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), have received much attention because they offer ease of processing and device flexibility. However, practical application of these devices is still hindered by relatively poor device performance and lack of cost-effective fabrication process, which represent properties largely determined by the molecular dipole moments of the organic molecules. In this study, we designed and prepared novel quinoxaline-phosphine oxide small molecules (QPSMs) as the electron transport layer (ETL) for the solution-processable OLEDs by tuning the end functional group of the aromatic QPSMs. A key design criterion was controlling the dipole moments of QPSMs, which confers (1) convenient deposition on the emission layer without further annealing through solubility in isopropanol and (2) improved electron injection/transport behavior through effective band level matching of the devices. In particular, the optimized OLEDs with (4-(2,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)quinoxalin-5-yl)phenyl)diphenylphosphine oxide (MQxTPPO1) exhibit external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 6.12%. Our results demonstrate the potential application of QPSMs as next-generation ETLs in organic semiconductors.

Anti-inflammatory activity of a short peptide designed for anti-cancer : a beneficial off-target effect of tertomotide

Hyosung Lee 한국융합학회 2022 한국융합학회논문지 Vol.13 No.1

Surface modification of metal oxide using ionic liquid molecules in hybrid organic–inorganic optoelectronic devices

Lee, Bo Ram,Choi, Hyosung,SunPark, Ji,Lee, Hyun Jung,Kim, Sang Ouk,Kim, Jin Young,Song, Myoung Hoon Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.21 No.7

<P>We demonstrate enhanced device performance by surface modification of n-type ZnO using ionic liquid molecules (ILMs) in hybrid organic–inorganic polymeric light-emitting diodes (HyPLEDs) and solar cells (HySCs). Spontaneously aligned dipole polarization within the thin ILMs layer reduces the electron injection barrier, and significantly enhances the electron injection efficiency in HyPLEDs and the open-circuit voltage (<I>V</I><SUB>OC</SUB>) in HySCs.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Spontaneously aligned dipole polarization within the ionic liquid molecules (ILMs) layer reduces the electron injection barrier, and significantly enhances the electroluminescence efficiency in hybrid organic-inorganic polymeric light-emitting diodes (HyPLEDs) and the open-circuit voltage (<I>V</I><SUB>OC</SUB>) in hybrid solar cells (HySCs). <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c0jm03688a'> </P>

Optimization of Pupil Fit Parameters for Contact Hole Pattern CD Difference Improvement

Heehong Lee,Hyungju Rah,Hyosung Lee,Jaewoong Sohn,Byoungdeog Choi 한국정밀공학회 2024 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.25 No.4

In the stacked semiconductor structure, the contact hole layer is widely used in Dram/3D NAND as a connection path between layers. During the lithographical process of the contact hole layer, a critical issue known as CD difference appears. When faced with this issue in a mass production environment, solutions are limited. In particular, the only solution for the issue caused by a difference of pupil shape is to change the illumination ID, which requires a full design change of the pupil. This is challenging and causes differences in the recipe and equipment. As a way to fundamentally solve this problem, the ellipticity among the pupil fit parameters is optimized to minimize CD differences. Through simulation, the difference between the issue pupil and the reference pupil was confirmed, and the pupil fit parameter was calculated. The pupil shape was predicted by applying the calculated pupil fit parameter. Pattern simulation was performed using the predicted pupil shape, and conditions suitable for the direction of improvement were established to confirm improved CD difference. In both cases, the improvement tendency was confirmed in the predicted direction and was suitable for a mass production environment.

시각장애인 헬스키퍼 고용활성화 전략 수립을 위한 탐색적 연구

이효성(Hyosung Lee),유시순(Sisoon Yoo) 한국직업재활학회 2007 職業再活硏究 Vol.17 No.1

본 연구는 헬스키퍼 직종을 중심으로 시각장애인의 고용활성화를 위한 정책적ㆍ전문적 개입전략 수립을 위한 기초 지식을 제공하기 위해 수행되었다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 시각장애인의 고용실태, 헬스키퍼직종에 대한 문헌연구와 함께 국내 최초로 대한안마사협회와 연계하여 시각장애인 안마사 자격증 소지자 306명을 대상으로 실태조사를 실시하여 헬스키퍼 인지여부, 종사의지, 헬스키퍼 직무를 수행하기 위한 지원요소 등 관련 당사자의 욕구를 파악하였다. 조사결과 시각장애인 안마사의 59.4%(165명)는 ‘헬스키퍼’라는 직업영역을 인지하고 있었으며 48.9%(149명)가 헬스키퍼 직종에 취업할 의사가 있는 것으로 나타난 반면, 헬스키퍼 근무경험이 있거나 활동 중인 안마사는 2.3%(7명)에 그쳐 헬스키퍼의 인지도 및 취업의사에 비해 실제로 헬스키퍼에 종사할 수 있는 기회는 크게 부족한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 시각장애인 헬스키퍼 직무를 수행하기 위하여 가장 핵심적인 지원요구사항은 활동보조인(71.1%)으로 파악되었다. 시각장애인이 비장애인에게 뒤지지 않는 경쟁력을 갖추고 있는 ‘안마’가 사회적인 가치를 발휘하고 국민의 건강을 지키는 ‘헬스키퍼’로 거듭나기 위해서는 정부와 기업의 참여를 끌어들일 수 있는 다양한 정책개발이 필요할 뿐 아니라 활동보조인 등 지원인프라의 안정적인 공급과 헬스키퍼 양성을 위한 다각도의 활성화전략이 요구된다. The purpose of this paper is to provide fundamental knowledge for implementing policies and technical strategies to promote employment of blind health-keepers. The employment status of people with visual disabilities and literature review on the occupation of health-keepers is introduced. In addition, the first joint survey with the National Masseur Association was conducted involving 306 licensed masseurs. The survey assessed the conditions of health-keepers, their level of awareness, the will of participants, and aspiration of health-keepers in want of support ect. According to the survey, 59.4%(165) of licensed masseurs were aware of health-keepers as an occupation and 48.9%(149) were willing to work as a health-keeper. However, masseurs currently working as a health-keeper or had previous experience as a health-keeper were only 2.3%(7). This result shows that compared to the awareness and willingness of masseurs to work as health-keepers the opportunity is fairly limited. In addition, according to the survey, the most crucial service needed to promote the health-keeper profession is personal carer(71.1%) service. In order for blind masseurs to gain social respect and be reborn as professional health-keepers who protect the health of the people, numerous policies and supporting infrastructures such as personal carers must be developed to induce participation of the government and enterprises.

재건축사업을 선택하는 요인을 통한 중요도 조사 연구

이효성(Lee, hyosung),송하영(Song, hayoung),권대중(Kwon, Daejung) 대한부동산학회 2021 大韓不動産學會誌 Vol.39 No.2

재건축사업은 정비사업의 한 방식으로 노후ㆍ슬럼화 된 도시를 재생하고 도시의 기능을 회복하는 사업이다. 또한 낙후된 공동주택을 개량함으로써 도시의 미관 뿐 만 아니라 토지의 이용률 높여 주택의 공급에도 영향을 미친다. 이에 본 연구는 재건축사업의 전문가집단을 중심으로 재건축사업을 왜 하는지 그 선택요 인이 무엇인지 중요도 분석을 통하여 사업 활성화를 도모하고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 전체중요도 조사에서는 브랜드 인지도가 가장 큰 중요요인으로 선택되었으며 재건축사업 참여 경험유무에 따른 조사에서는 유경험자는 조합원 분담금과 브랜드 인지도, 초과이익환수제도 순으로 중요도가 선택되었고 무경험자는 브랜드 인지도. 용적률, 시공능력 순으로 중요도가 선택되었다. 따라서 첫째, 재건축사업의 계획단계에서부터 요소별로 세분화하여 재건축사업을 체계적 으로 계획할 수 있도록 제도적 장치가 마련되어야 하며 시행초기단계부터 진입 장벽을 낮춰야 한다는 의미이다. 둘째, 사업성을 개선하기 위해 최소한의 용적률 상향이 필요하며 층수 역시 규제 완화가 필요하며 조합임원들의 재건축사업에 대한 실무교육과 비리척결 등을 위한 윤리교육도 병행 되어야 한다. 셋째, 건설사의 브랜드 양극화 현상을 줄이기 위한 대책과 규모에 따라 작은 규모도 브랜드 가치를 높일 수 있는 대안을 모색 하여야 한다. 또한 중소 건설사들도 브랜드 인지도를 키울 수 있도록 구체적인 제도 도입이 필요하다. 넷째, 초과이익환 수제도는 시장상황에 맞추어 적용을 달리해야 하며 조합원 분담금을 완화하기 위해서는 법적용적률이나 허용용적률을 높일 수 있는 정부의 적극적인 정비사업 추진이 필요하다. 재건축사업은 주거환경을 개선하여 신규주택공급과 거주자의 삶의 질을 높일 수 있는 정비사업 이므로 이러한 결과를 기초자료로 재건축사업의 활성화를 위해 사업을 준비하고 사업을 계획단계부터 세밀히 검토되어야 할 것이다. The reconstruction project is a project for regenerating dilapidated and slummed cities and restoring the functions of the city as a way of maintenance projects. In addition, the reconstruction project not only improves the aesthetics of the city by improving the dilapidated apartment houses but also increases the land utilization rate and affects the supply of housing. Therefore, this study intends to suggest problems by eliciting the selection factors as to the reason for choosing the reconstruction project for the reconstruction expert group in order to find ways to revitalize the reconstruction project. As a result, the survey of the overall importance showed that brand awareness was selected as the factor of most importance. The survey of overall importance relating to the experience of participating in the reconstruction project showed that the importance was selected in the order of share of union members, brand awareness, and the excess profit recovery system for those with experiences. And for those with no experience, the importance was selected in the order of brand awareness, floor area ratio and construction capability. Therefore, First, it means that institutional devices should be prepared so that the reconstruction project can be systematically planned by subdividing it by elements from the planning stage of the reconstruction project, and the barriers to entry should be lowered from the initial stage of implementation. Second, in order to improve business feasibility, the minimum floor area ratio needs to be raised, the number of floors also needs to be deregulated, and practical training for the union executives on the reconstruction project and ethics training for eradicating corruption should also be provided. Third, there is a need to seek measures to reduce the brand polarization phenomenon of construction companies and alternatives that can increase the brand value according to scales. In addition, small and medium-sized construction companies need to introduce a specific system for increasing their brand awareness. Fourth, the excess profit recovery system should be differently applied to fit the market conditions, and in order to alleviate the association member s contribution, government is required to actively promote the maintenance project that can increase the legal floor area ratio or allowable floor area ratio is required. The reconstruction project is a maintenance project that can improve the residential environment and increase the supply of new housing and the quality of life of residents. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare the project for the revitalization of the reconstruction project using these results as basic data and to examine the project in detail from the planning stage.

탄소 중간물질 그리드를 사용한 DR system에서의 moiré artifact에 관한 연구

이성주(Sungju Lee),조효성(Hyosung Cho),최성일(Sungil Choi),조희문(Heemoon Cho),오지은(Jieun Oh),이소영(Soyoung Lee),박연옥(Yeonok Park),이민식(Minsik Lee) 한국방사선학회 2008 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.2 No.4

비산란 그리드는 X선 영상에서 산란방사선을 제거시키기 위해 사용되고, 그에 따라 X선 영상의 대조도를 향상 시킬 수 있다. 그러나 많은 경우 디지털 X선 영상에서는 그리드의 부적절한 샘플링으로 인해 moiré artifact를 발생 시키게 된다. 본 논문에서는 그리드 주파수, pixel pitch, 각도와 moiré artifact의 상관관계에 관하여 분석하고 실험으로 확인하였다. 실험을 위하여 4..0 - 8.5 까지의 6가지 탄소 그리드를 사용하여 139 ㎛ × 139 ㎛ pixel size의 DDR system에서 실험을 하였다. 본 실험을 통하여 획득한 moiré artifact의 frequency는 이론적 계산값과 거의 같았고, 특히 그리드와 detector array의 각도에 따라 moiré frequency가 달라지는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통한 moiré artifact에 대한 이론과 data는 향후 DR system에서 moiré artifact 제거에 큰 도움을 주리라 생각한다. Antiscatter grids are widely used in radiography to remove scattered X-rays and thus improve the image contrast. However, the use of grids makes moiré artifact in the digital image, and this can be a critical reason for a mistaken diagnosis. In this paper, we examined that moiré artifacts are how to relate with grid frequency, pixel pitch and grid rotation angle. To experiment we prepared 6 grids having different line frequencies (4.0 to 8.5lines/㎜) and tested with a DR imager having a 139 ㎛ × 139 ㎛ pixel size . In the result of this experiment, we could get data about moiré artifact that could be make solution to remove the line artifact for the successful use of the grid in digital radiography. The acquired data and theory through this experiment, are expected to make contribution to the elimination of moiré artifact in the DR system.

위상차 엑스선 영상의 모아레 인공물 제거를 위한 그리드 회전 각도 분석

이헌우(Hunwoo Lee),임현우(Hyunwoo Lim),전두희(Duhee Jeon),이민재(Minjae Lee),김우성(Woosung Kim),임영환(Younghwan Lim),심지용(Jiyong Shim),서창우(Changwoo Seo),조효성(Hyosung Cho) 대한전자공학회 2021 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2021 No.6

탄소 중간물질 그리드를 사용한 DR system에서의 moire artifact에 관한 연구

이성주 ( Sungju Lee ),조효성 ( Hyosung Cho ),최성일 ( Sungil Choi ),조희문 ( Heemoon Cho ),오지은 ( Jieun Oh ),이소영 ( Soyoung Lee ),박연옥 ( Yeonok Park ),이민식 ( Minsik Lee ) 한국방사선학회 2008 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.2 No.4

비산란 그리드는 X선 영상에서 산란방사선을 제거시키기 위해 사용되고, 그에 따라 X선 영상의 대조도를 향상 시킬 수 있다. 그러나 많은 경우 디지털 X선 영상에서는 그리드의 부적절한 샘플링으로 인해 moire artifact를 발생 시키게 된다. 본 논문에서는 그리드 주파수, pixel pitch, 각도와 moire artifact의 상관관계에 관하여 분석하고 실험으로 확인하였다. 실험을 위하여 4..0 - 8.5 까지의 6가지 탄소 그리드를 사용하여 139 μm x139 μm pixel size의 DDR system에서 실험을 하였다. 본 실험을 통하여 획득한 moire artifact의 frequency는 이론적 계산값과 거의 같았고, 특히 그리드와 detector array의 각도에 따라 moire frequency가 달라지는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통한 moire artifact에 대한 이론과 data는 향후 DR system에서 moire artifact제거에 큰 도움을 주리라 생각한다. Antiscatter grids are widely used in radiography to remove scattered X-rays and thus improve the image contrast. However, the use of grids makes moire artifact in the digital image, and this can be a critical reason for a mistaken diagnosis. In this paper, we examined that moire artifacts are how to relate with grid frequency, pixel pitch and grid rotation angle. To experiment we prepared 6 grids having different line frequencies (4.0 to 8.5lines/mm) and tested with a DR imager having a 139 μm x 139 μm pixel size. In the result of this experiment, we could get data about moire artifact that could be make solution to remove the line artifact for the successful use of the grid in digital radiography. The acquired data and theory through this experiment, are expected to make contribution to the elimination of moire artifact in the DR system.