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Hwang, Hyosook,Kwon, Jeongll,Oh, Phil-Sun,Lee, Tai-Kyoung,Na, Kyung-Suk,Lee, Chang-Moon,Jeong, Hwan-Seok,Lim, Seok Tae,Sohn, Myung-Hee,Jeong, Hwan-Jeong Radiological Society of North America 2014 Radiology Vol.273 No.1
<P>To determine whether chitosan hydrogel nanoparticles loaded with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) peptides (81-91 fragments) capable of targeting the ischemic myocardium enhance angiogenesis and promote therapeutic effects and whether radionuclide image-guided dosage control is feasible.</P>
망명과 편지 : 장리스 부인의 『어린 망명자들』을 통해 본 편지의 교육 기능
이효숙 ( Lee Hyosook ) 연세대학교 유럽사회문화연구소 2023 유럽사회문화 Vol.- No.31
Madame de Genlis est l’autrice qui a produit plus d’ouvrages qu’aucune autre à la deuxième moitié du XVIIIe siècle et au début du XIXe siècle. Emigrée elle-même, elle publiait toujours des livres, dont Les petits émigrés (1798). Ce roman épistolaire nous révèle encore une autrice-pédagogue qui s’est consacrée à l’éducation des enfants de duc d’Orléans en tant que gouverneur. Elle a déjà eu un succès avec Adèle et Théodore (1782) qui est encore un roman épistolaire basé sur son expérience pédagogique. Le dialogisme à l’intermédiaire des lettres facilite la méthode maïeutique, une éducation à distance, le choix sélectif des contenus ou des informations, l’argument et le débat. De plus, les lettres comprennent des descriptions de paysages ou de scènes ainsi que des histoires imbriquées et des anecdotes. Au cours de la période révolutionnaire, les lettres prennent plus d’importance pour les émigrés. Elles témoignent d’événements plus pressants et dramatiques; elles présentent des anecdotes émouvantes mises en scènes des valeurs humaines. Ainsi, Les petits émigrés montrent que les lettres peuvent être une conversation plus féconde et plus sage que la communication en face à face.
이효숙 ( Lee Hyosook ) 연세대학교 유럽사회문화연구소 2019 유럽사회문화 Vol.0 No.23
The picaresque novel was ingurated by La Vida de Lazarillo de Tormes (1554, anonymous), followed by Guzmán de Alfarache (Mateo Alemán, 1599-1604) and La Vida del Buscón (Francisco Quevedo, 1626). The word ‘picaresque’ derives from Spanish picaresco, which means “relating to a picaro”. Picaro, which also derives from Spanish, signifies rogue or rascal. Typically, the picaresque novel relates the adventure of a wandering rogue and his tumultuous experiences in autobiographical form. Then this genre had a considerable influence on the novels of neighboring countries like France, Germany, and the United Kingdom. In France, The Adventures of Gil Blas de Satillane(1715-1724-1735) by Lesage is appreciated as a remarkable masterpiece of the picaresque, and Le Paysan parvenu (1734-1735) by Marivaux is listed among the picaresque novels. Considering that Marivaux, ‘philosophe’ and ‘moraliste’, excelled in analyzing psychologically the attitudes and behaviors of high society, we were curious to know which elements make it consider to be picaresque. Here is some elements common to this genre: autobiographic form, roguish protagonist (anti-hero), his rascality, his frequent wanderings, etc. However, his story has been sown with examples, which were designed to learn valuable lessons and morals to the protagonist as well as the reader. And, with its own realism, this unfinished story makes his way through the modern novel.
이효숙 ( Lee Hyosook ) 한국불어불문학회 2021 불어불문학연구 Vol.- No.128
알랭-르네 르사주(1668-1747)는 산문 단막극 『자기 주인의 경쟁자 크리스팽』(1707)을 통해 우선 이름을 알리고, 이어서 연극작품 『튀르카레 또는 금융자산가』로 극작가로서의 위상을 공고히 하지만, 대표작은 소설 『질 블라스 이야기』 (Histoire de Gil Blas de Santillane, 1715-1735)로 알려져 있다. 당대의 소설과 연극이 처한 고민과 논점들을 시사해주고 있어서 장르나 서술기법 문제에서 의미가 큰 작품인 이 소설은 일부 비평가들에게는 마치 ‘연극-소설’처럼 여겨진다. 연극인들이 등장인물로 등장하기도 하고, 공연 장면 및 연극 기법에 관한 담론이 빈번히 나타날 뿐만 아니라, 연극적 요소들이 플롯과 서술에 다양하게 수렴되기 때문이다. 이런 연극적 요소의 활용이 연극계에 평생 몸담았던 저자의 습관에서만 비롯된 것은 아니다. 주인공 질 블라스가 뛰어든 인간사회의 사실주의적 재현을 위한 항구적인 심려의 결과이기도 하다. 이로써 이 소설은 연극에 관한 담론과 연극적 ‘mise en scène’를 통해 인간과 사회를 사유하며, 아울러 소설 장르가 처한 ‘딜레마’의 타개책 모색에도 고심한다. Parmi toutes les pièces de théâtre qu’il a pu écrire sa vie durant, l’auteur Alain-René Lesage est particulièrement connu du grand public à travers son oeuvre Histoire de Gil Blas de Santillane. Perçu comme un “roman-théâtre” pour de nombreuses critiques, ce roman représente le monde du théâtre en y mettant en scène “ses gens” et en introduisant à la fois des scènes théâtrales et des procédés dialogiques. À travers ce procédé, l’écrivain tend à s’assurer des effets dramatiques. De plus, tout au long de cette oeuvre, les personnages mènent de nombreux débats sur le théâtre: les moeurs du monde du théâtre y sont dépeignées. Au fil des conversations, divers aspects de la réception des spectateurs sont remarqués, des critiques absurdes sont aussi relevées, etc. L’assimilation de la vie au théâtre rend quelques épisodes de l’oeuvre dynamiques ou réflexives. Toute cette pratique fait état des changements qui eurent lieu dans le théâtre de l’époque et les essais du genre romanesque pour trouver l’issue à un “dilemme”.
Possible Improvement of Oocyte Supply by the use of Aged Mice and Different Gonadotrophins
Lee, Myungook,Ahn, Jong Il,Kwun, Hyosook,Ko, Dong Woo,Ahn, Jiyeon,Lim, Jeong Mook The Korean Society of Embryo Transfer 2018 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.33 No.2
This study was conducted to examine the influences of two human chorion gonadotrophins (hCGs) being injected into young or aged (45- to 65-week old) outbred (ICR) mice on developmental capacity of oocytes retrieved. In vitro-culture and parthenogenetic activation of oocytes retrieved were employed for the assessment. Superovulation was determined as being induced when more than 25 oocytes were retrieved. No aged mice were superovulated, while in contrast, 67-100% were superovulated in the 6- to 8-week-old (young) mice. In the aged, hCG injection yielded better retrieval (5 vs. 13 to 14.8 oocytes/mouse). Overall, no significant difference between two hCGs was detected but between the young and aged, significant differences in maturational arrest (0% vs. 39% MI arrest and 46% vs. 15% degeneration) and developmental capacity (24% vs. 46% 8-cell embryo development) were detected. In conclusion, hCG injection contributes to increasing oocyte retrieval from aged outbred mice, but the kinds of gonadotrophin influenced the efficiency of hyperstimulation induction in specific ages.
Possible Improvement of Oocyte Supply by the use of Aged Mice and Different Gonadotrophins
Myungook Lee,Hyosook Kwun,Jong Il Ahn,Dong Woo Ko,Jiyeon Ahn,Jeong Mook Lim 한국수정란이식학회 2018 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.33 No.2
This study was conducted to examine the influences of two human chorion gonadotrophins (hCGs) being injected into young or aged (45- to 65-week old) outbred (ICR) mice on developmental capacity of oocytes retrieved. In vitro-culture and parthenogenetic activation of oocytes retrieved were employed for the assessment. Superovulation was determined as being induced when more than 25 oocytes were retrieved. No aged mice were superovulated, while in contrast, 67-100% were superovulated in the 6- to 8-week-old (young) mice. In the aged, hCG injection yielded better retrieval (5 vs. 13 to 14.8 oocytes/mouse). Overall, no significant difference between two hCGs was detected but between the young and aged, significant differences in maturational arrest (0% vs. 39% MI arrest and 46% vs. 15% degeneration) and developmental capacity (24% vs. 46% 8-cell embryo development) were detected. In conclusion, hCG injection contributes to increasing oocyte retrieval from aged outbred mice, but the kinds of gonadotrophin influenced the efficiency of hyperstimulation induction in specific ages.
Hwang, Hyosook,Jeong, Hwan-Seok,Oh, Phil-Sun,Kim, Minjoo,Lee, Tai-Kyoung,Kwon, JeongIl,Kim, Hyeon-Soo,Lim, Seok Tae,Sohn, Myung-Hee,Jeong, Hwan-Jeong Elsevier 2016 Nuclear medicine and biology Vol.43 No.9
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Introduction</B></P> <P>Although liposomes hold promise for cancer therapy, the effectiveness of treating myocardial ischemia by promoting angiogenesis has yet to be proved. Nanoliposomes loaded with therapeutic agents can effectively target ischemic myocardium via enhanced permeability and retention. Surface polyethylene glycol (PEG) modification can further facilitate effective targeting by prolonging liposomal circulation. This study aimed to determine whether PEGylated nanoliposomes are effective in facilitating targeted drug delivery and treating myocardial ischemia.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Rats subjected to 30min of myocardial ischemia were given <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime- or <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc-diethylenetriamine pentaacetate-labeled liposomes with mean diameters of ~100nm or ~600nm with or without PEG modifications to determine the extent of myocardial uptake in the different conditions. Therapeutic effectiveness was assessed by studying changes in myocardial perfusion defects with <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc-tetrofosmin autoradiography and vascular density with immunohistochemistry at 7days post-treatment.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The liver and spleen showed the largest capacity for liposome uptake. Uptake by the liver and spleen was more pronounced when the liposomes were larger. Conversely, myocardial liposome uptake was significantly greater when the liposomes were ~100nm rather than ~600nm in diameter. Surface modification with PEG significantly augmented myocardial uptake of ~100nm liposomes. PEG modification did not affect the size dependence. To investigate therapeutic efficacy, hearts subjected to ischemia received PEGylated nanoliposomes encapsulated with angiogenic peptides. Our data demonstrated that PEGylated nanoliposomes loaded with angiogenic peptides improved myocardial perfusion defects and increased vascular density. A 10-fold increase in liposomal concentration did not further benefit myocardial ischemia.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Liposomal angiogenic formulation with size control and PEG modification may be effective treatment strategy for myocardial ischemia. Increasing the concentration of liposomes does not necessarily benefit myocardial ischemia.</P>