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Comment on “Electroacupuncture-assisted Craniotomy on an Awake Patient”
Hu Liang Low 사단법인약침학회 2018 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.11 No.4
To the EditorSidhu et al. [1] describes their experience of using electroacupuncture in a craniotomy for drainage of an acuteon-chronic subdural hematoma. Owing to concurrent medical problems, the patient was offered the “option of using electroacupuncture solely”. The operation was successfully completed, and the authors advocate the use of electroacupuncture during craniotomies. The article is misleading as electroacupuncture was not the sole form of surgical analgesia. The authors mention that the scalp was infiltrated with lignocaine before incision. In addition, the operation was completed within 1 hour. The duration of surgery falls well within the 1-to 2-hour duration of the action of lignocaine [2]. Although not specifically indicated in the article, scalp blocks often use a mixture of lignocaine and 1:2000000 adrenaline. The addition of adrenaline reduces scalp bleeding but, more significantly, prolongs the analgesic effect. Given that the analgesic effect of lignocaine would be expected to extend throughout surgery and into the early postoperative period, it is very difficult to argue that electroacupuncture had an analgesic role (if any) in this case. Second, the article is titled “Electroacupuncture-assisted craniotomy on an awake patient”. The article diagrams show either a burr hole or a minicraniotomy [1]. This involves making a skull opening of less than 7 cm and is one of the commonest neurosurgical procedures. Our hospital frequently performs these under local anaesthesia. Although it may be argued that electroacupuncture can be used as an adjunct in minicraniotomies, its efficacy in larger craniotomies has not been convincingly studied in the article.
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MiR-454 Prompts Cell Proliferation of Human Colorectal Cancer Cells by Repressing CYLD Expression
Liang, Hong-Liang,Hu, Ai-Ping,Li, Sen-Lin,Xie, Jia-Ping,Ma, Qing-Zhu,Liu, Ji-Yong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.6
Previous studies have shown that miR-454 plays an important role in a variety of biological processes in various human cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanisms of this microRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells remain largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the miR-454 role in CRC cell proliferation. We found that miR-454 expression is markedly upregulated in CRC tissues and CRC cells compared with the matched tumor adjacent tissues and the FHC normal colonic cell line. Ectopic expression of miR-454 promoted the proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of CRC cells, whereas inhibition of miR-454 reduced this effect. Bioinformatics analysis further revealed cylindromatosis (CYLD), a putative tumor suppressor as a potential target of miR-454. Data from luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-454 directly binds to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of CYLD mRNA and repressed expression at both transcriptional and translational levels. In functional assays, CYLD-silenced in miR-454-in-transfected SW480 cells have positive effect to promote cell proliferation, suggesting that direct CYLD downregulation is required for miR-454-induced CRC cell proliferation. In sum, our data provide compelling evidence that miR-454 functions as an onco-miRNA, playing a crucial role in the promoting cell proliferation in CRC, and its oncogenic effect is mediated chiefly through direct suppression of CYLD expression.
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Hu, Dong,Ran, Yu-Liang,Zhong, Xing,Hu, Hai,Yu, Long,Lou, Jin-Ning,Sun, Li-Xing,Yang, Zhi-Hua Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2006 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.39 No.6
Proteins that are unfolded or misfolded in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) must be targeted for refolding or degradation to maintain the homeostasis of the ER. Derlin-1 was reportedly implicated in the retro-translocation of misfolded proteins from the ER to the cytosol for degradation. In this report, we showed that Derlin-1 was down-regulated in the endothelial cells derived from human hepatic cavernous hemangioma (CHEC) compared with other tested cells. Electron microscopy analysis showed that ER was aberrantly enlarged in CHEC cells, but not in other tested cells. When overexpressed, Derlin-1 induced the dilated ER to return normal size. This ER dynamic was associated with the activation of unfolded protein response (UPR). In CHEC cells where Derlin-1 was down-regulated, increased expression of the immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein (Bip) and UPR-specific splicing of X-box DNA-binding protein 1 (XBP1) mRNA were detected, as compared with that in other tested cells, indicating that UPR was activated. After Derlin-1 overexpression, the extent of UPR activation diminished, as evidenced by decreased expression of Bip, reduced amount of the spliced form of XBP1 ($XBP1_S$), and elevated expression of the unspliced form of XBP1 ($XBP1_U$). Taken together, these findings provide another example of a single protein being able to affect ER dynamic in mammalian cells, and an insight into the possible molecular mechanism(s).
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Serum IL-33 as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Hu, Liang-An,Fu, Yu,Zhang, Dan-Ni,Zhang, Jie Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4
Background: Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has recently been implicated in tumor immunity. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical role of serum IL-33 in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Sera collected from 250 healthy volunteers (HV), 256 patients with benign lung diseases (BLD) and 262 NSCLC cases were subjected to IL-33 ELISA and relationships between serum IL-33 and clinical characteristics were evaluated. Results: Circulating IL-33 levels were higher in the NSCLC group in comparison with the HV and BLD groups (p<0.001). Using a cut-off level 68 pg/ml (95% specificity in the HV group), IL-33 showed a good diagnostic performance for NSCLC. Multivariate survival analysis indicated that serum IL-33 was an independent prognostic factor in the entire NSCLC group [hazards ratio (HR) = 0.64 for low versus high IL-33 levels, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50-0.82; p<0.001] and in 165 selected patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease receiving chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy (HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.52-0.94; p=0.013). Conclusions: IL-33 is a promising potential diagnostic and prognostic marker in NSCLC, independent of the therapeutic intervention.
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Hu Liang Low,Ren-Huai Dai 한국응용곤충학회 2018 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.21 No.4
The paper deals with a new leafhopper species from Southern China, Japanagallia confusa sp. nov., previously misidentified as J. hamataZhang and Li, 1999 by Viraktamath et al., 2012. The species is described and figured and compared to the similar J. hamata and J. neohamata Li et al. 2014.
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The Classic Security Application in M2M: the Authentication Scheme of Mobile Payment
( Liang Hu ),( Ling Chi ),( Hong-tu Li ),( Wei Yuan ),( Yu Yu Sun ),( Jian-feng Chu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2012 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.6 No.1
As one of the four basic technologies of IOT (Internet of Things), M2M technology whose advance could influence on the technology of Internet of Things has a rapid development. Mobile Payment is one of the most widespread applications in M2M. Due to applying wireless network in Mobile Payment, the security issues based on wireless network have to be solved. The technologies applied in solutions generally include two sorts, encryption mechanism and authentication mechanism, the focus in this paper is the authentication mechanism of Mobile Payment. In this paper, we consider that there are four vital things in the authentication mechanism of Mobile Payment: two-way authentication, re-authentication, roaming authentication and inside authentication. Two-way authentication is to make the mobile device and the center system trust each other, and two-way authentication is the foundation of the other three. Re-authentication is to re-establish the active communication after the mobile subscriber changes his point of attachment to the network. Inside authentication is to prevent the attacker from obtaining the privacy via attacking the mobile device if the attacker captures the mobile device. Roaming authentication is to prove the mobile subscriber`s legitimate identity to the foreign agency when he roams into a foreign place, and roaming authentication can be regarded as the integration of the above three. After making a simulation of our proposed authentication mechanism and analyzing the existed schemes, we summarize that the authentication mechanism based on the mentioned above in this paper and the encryption mechanism establish the integrate security framework of Mobile Payment together. This makes the parties of Mobile Payment apply the services which Mobile Payment provides credibly.
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Research on the Construction of Evaluation Platform for Multimedia Transmission in the Internet
Liang Hu,Li Chen,Lianggui Liu 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.8 No.7
All kinds of multimedia data are now transferred via network, which need high level QoS standard because of different compression parameters, network parameters and the status of the network. In this paper, we first discribe relevant parameters and results of the correlation between these parameters by using a novel simulation tool. Usually the factors that affect the transmission of the multimedia in the network generally include: GoP (Group of Picture) pattern, compression quantitative parameters (Quantization Value), the Packet length (Packet Size) and Packet Error Rate (Packet Error Rate). Then, based on the basis of Evalvid and NS2 simulation platform, a new set of tools group are set by integrating these two tools. Video traffic trace file is used to evaluate the network structure in existing research and image quality. Moreover, further study of correlation between these factors and image quality is conducted.
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Improved Watkins–Johnson topology‑based photovoltaic MPPT converter
Liang Hu,Yuan Luo 전력전자학회 2023 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.23 No.12
A photovoltaic (PV) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) converter behaves as a decoupling stage that dynamically tracks the peak power of a PV generator with an output characteristic curve that is nonlinear and changes with respect to solar irradiation and cell temperature. Depending on diff erent voltage transfer functions and application requirements, the classical MPPT converter topologies include buck, boost, buck-boost, flyback, etc. In this paper, an improved Watkins–Johnson (WJ) topology is added to the family of MPPT converters. This improved topology has the merits of a simple circuit structure, power switches that are easy drive, synchronous mode capability, and high efficiency at a marginal duty cycle. To balance the tracking speed and tracking stability of the WJ topology, key issues including the perturbation period and perturbation amplitude have been resolved by means of small-signal modeling and an analysis according to the PV model parameters and converter electrical elements. An experimental prototype has been designed, constructed, and utilized to verify the feasibility of the proposed concept.
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