Morphological and genetic diversity of Moringa oleifera and Moringa peregrina genotypes

Anber Mahmoud Ahmed Hassanein,Abdulrahman Abdulah Al‑Soqeer 한국원예학회 2018 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.59 No.2

This study aimed to assess the diversity of Moringa oleifera and Moringa peregrina in Saudi Arabia. Seven genotypes per species were characterized morphologically using 14 morphological characteristics and genetically using 10 ISSR primers. The studied genotypes were classified according to each characterization, and the correlation between morphological and genetic diversity was investigated. M. oleifera genotypes were distinguished by long, thick stems with more crown spread, and larger pinnate leaf area compared to those of M. peregrina. Plant height and pinnate dimensions were the most pertinent indicators for the discrimination among genotypes where they were correlated to all morphological characteristics and gave representative classification. Diversity was found between the two species and among the genotypes of each species. The ISSR molecular markers were effective in the characterization of genetic diversity of Moringa where the average of polymorphism across the 14 genotypes was sufficient (90.8%). Dinucleotide repeat (AC)n primers (UBC825, UBC826 and UBC827) and a trinucleotide primer (UBC864) were the best primers, regenerating the maximum number of polymorphic bands per primer (8–10) and the highest polymorphism level among genotypes (91–100%). Principal coordinate analysis showed similar classification for morphological and molecular data where the two species were separated in two main clusters with three sub-clusters per species. The association analysis showed good correlation, up to a 0.84 determination coefficient, between genetic diversity and morphological variability. The primers UBC826 and UBC827 were the most informative markers, revealing correlations with 12 morphological characteristics. The results of the present study provide valuable morphological and molecular characterizations of the two most important Moringa species. Efficient morphological classification based on three characteristics could facilitate the evaluation of diversity in Moringa. Genetic diversity could be simply assessed using the two best ISSR primers (UBC826 and UBC827). The diversity found among genotypes could be of great importance for the selection of clones with desirable characteristics for further improvements of Moringa.

GENERALIZED LINDLEY DISTRIBUTION USING PROPORTIONAL HAZARD FAMILY AND INFERENCE OF FAILURE TIME DATA

Ahmed AL-Adilee,Hawraa A. AL-Challabi,Hassanein Falah,Dalael Saad Abdul-Zahra 경남대학교 기초과학연구소 2023 Nonlinear Functional Analysis and Applications Vol.28 No.3

In this paper, we propose a generalization of Lindley distribution (GLD) via a special structure that is concern with progressively Type-II right censoring and time failure data. We study the modern properties that we have built by such combination, for example, survival function, hazard function, moments, and estimation by non-Bayesian methods. Application on some selected data related to Lindley distribution (LD) and (ED) have been employed to find out the best distribution that can fit data comparing with the GLD.

Heavy Metals Biosorption from Aqueous Solution by Endophytic Drechslera hawaiiensis of Morus alba L. Derived from Heavy Metals Habitats

( Mervat Morsy Abbas Ahmed El-gendy ),( Naziha M. Hassanein ),( Hussein Abd El-hay Ibrahim ),( Doaa H. Abd El-baky ) 한국균학회 2017 Mycobiology Vol.45 No.2

The ability of dead cells of endophytic Drechslera hawaiiensis of Morus alba L. grown in heavy metals habitats for bioremoval of cadmium (Cd²⁺), copper (Cu²⁺), and lead (Pb²⁺) in aqueous solution was evaluated under different conditions. Whereas the highest extent of Cd²⁺ and Cu²⁺ removal and uptake occurred at pH 8 as well as Pb²⁺ occurred at neutral pH (6-7) after equilibrium time 10 min. Initial concentration 30 mg/L of Cd⁺² for 10 min contact time and 50 to 90 mg/L of Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ supported the highest biosorption after optimal contact time of 30 min achieved with biomass dose equal to 5 mg of dried died biomass of D. hawaiiensis. The maximum removal of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb² equal to 100%, 100%, and 99.6% with uptake capacity estimated to be 0.28, 2.33, and 9.63 mg/g from real industrial wastewater, respectively were achieved within 3 hr contact time at pH 7.0, 7.0, and 6.0, respectively by using the dead biomass of D. hawaiiensis compared to 94.7%, 98%, and 99.26% removal with uptake equal to 0.264, 2.3, and 9.58 mg/g of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺, respectively with the living cells of the strain under the same conditions. The biosorbent was analyzed by Fourier Transformer Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis to identify the various functional groups contributing in the sorption process. From FT-IR spectra analysis, hydroxyl and amides were the major functional groups contributed in biosorption process. It was concluded that endophytic D. hawaiiensis biomass can be used potentially as biosorbent for removing Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Pb²⁺ in aqueous solutions.

Apocynin abrogates methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity: role of TLR4/NF-κB-p65/p38-MAPK, IL-6/STAT-3, PPAR-γ, and SIRT1/FOXO3 signaling pathways

Emad H. M. Hassanein,Ahmed M. Sayed,Omnia A. M. Abd El-Ghafar,Zainab M. M. Omar,Eman K. Rashwan,Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh,So Young Kyung,Jae Hyeon Park,Hyung Sik Kim,Fares E. M. Ali 대한약학회 2023 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.46 No.4

The present study was designed to evaluate the potential renoprotective impacts of apocynin (APC) against nephrotoxicity induced by methotrexate (MTX) administration. To fulfill this aim, rats were allocated into four groups: control; APC (100 mg/kg/day; orally); MTX (20 mg/kg; single intraperitoneal dose at the end of the 5th day of the experiment); and APC +MTX (APC was given orally for 5 days before and 5 days after induction of renal toxicity by MTX). On the 11th day, samples were collected to estimate kidney function biomarkers, oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and other molecular targets. Compared to the MTX control group, treatment with APC significantly decreased urea, creatinine, and KIM-1 levels and improved kidney histological alterations. Furthermore, APC restored oxidant/antioxidant balance, as evidenced by a remarkable alleviation of MDA, GSH, SOD, and MPO levels. Additionally, the iNOS, NO, p-NF-κB-p65, Ace-NF-κB-p65, TLR4, p-p38-MAPK, p-JAK1, and p-STAT-3 expressions were reduced, while the IκBα, PPAR-γ, SIRT1, and FOXO3 expressions were significantly increased. In NRK-52E cells, MTX-induced cytotoxicity was protected by APC in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, increased expression of p-STAT-3 and p-JAK1/2 levels were reduced in MTX-treated NRK-52E cells by APC. The in vitro experiments revealed that APC-protected MTX-mediated renal tubular epithelial cells were damaged by inhibiting the JAK/STAT3 pathway. Besides, our in vivo and in vitro results were confirmed by predicting computational pharmacology results using molecular docking and network pharmacology analysis. In conclusion, our findings proved that APC could be a good candidate for MTX-induced renal damage due to its strong antioxidative and anti-inflammatory bioactivities.

New Monte-Carlo based simulation program suitable for low-energy ions irradiation in pure materials

Al-Malkawi Ghadeer H.,Al-Ajlony Al-Montaser Bellah A.,Al-Shboul Khaled F.,Hassanein Ahmed 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.4

A new Monte-Carlo-based computer program (RDS-BASIC) is developed to simulate the transport of energetic ions in pure matter. This computer program is utilizing an algorithm that uses detailed numerical solutions for the classical scattering integral for evaluating the outcomes of the binary collision processes. This approach is adopted by several prominent similar simulation programs and is known to provide results with higher accuracy compared to other approaches that use approximations to shorten the simulation time. Furthermore, RDS-BASIC simulation program contains special methods to reduce the displacement energy threshold of surface atoms. This implementation is found essential for accurate simulation results for sputtering yield in the case of very low energy ions irradiation (near sputtering energy threshold) and also successfully solve the problem of simultaneously obtaining an acceptable number of atomic displacements per incident ions. Results of our simulation for several irradiation systems are presented and compared with their respective TRIM (SRIM-2013) and the state-of-the-art SDTrimSP simulation results. Our sputtering simulation results were also compared with available experimental data. The simulation execution time for these different simulation programs has also been compared.