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Arni Munira Markom,Ahmad Razif Muhammad,Mukul Chandra Paul,Sulaiman Wadi Harun 한국광학회 2022 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.6 No.1
Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) have saturated the technological market but are still widely used in high-speed and long-distance communication systems. To overcome EDFA saturation and limitations, its erbium-doped fiber is co-doped with other materials such as zirconia and bismuth. This article demonstrates and compares the performance using three different fibers as the gain medium for zirconia-erbium-doped fibers (Zr-EDF), bismuth-erbium-doped fibers (Bi-EDF), and commercial silicaerbium-doped fibers (Si- EDF). The optical amplifier was configured with a double-pass amplification system, with a broadband mirror at the end of its configuration to allow double-pass operation in the system. The important parameters in amplifiers such as optical properties, optical amplification and noise values were also examined and discussed. All three fibers were 0.5 m long and entered with different input signals: 30 dBm for low input and 10 dBm for high input. Zr-EDF turned out to be the most relevant optical amplifier as it had the highest optical gain, longest transmission distance, highest average flatness gain with minimal jitter, and relevant noise figures suitable for the latest communication technology.
Aziz Muhammad Safwan,Islam Shumaila,Rosli Muhammad Izz,Basar Norazah,Krishnan Ganesan,Duralim Maisarah,Harun Sulaiman Wadi 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.39 No.-
Nonlinear optical properties of Coumarin-based compounds i.e., 3-acetyl-7-iethylaminocoumarin (C3) and 7-Ethylamino-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin (C500) is reported by Z-scan technique (Nd: YAG Continuous-wave 532 nm). The conventional C500 compound exhibited NLR properties in the order of n2 = 10–9, whereas the synthesized C3 compound manifested both NLR and NLA properties around n2 = 10–9 and β = 10–4, respectively. The results are obtained from different laser power PC500 = 0.10–0.18 W, while PC3 = 0.20–0.28 W. Both compounds provided excellent NLO attributes at consistent and stable outputs of open and closed-aperture signals, resulted in eminence of NLR and NLA values. The C3 compound is manifested reverse saturable absorption, optical limiting properties, and threshold at 0.3814 W. The exclusivity of NLR in C500 makes it suitable to develop as an optical switcher while synthesized C3 compound is more suitable as an optical limiter for safety.