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Weber, Jens,Du, Naiying,Guiver, Michael D. American Chemical Society 2011 Macromolecules Vol.44 No.7
<P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mamobx/2011/mamobx.2011.44.issue-7/ma101447h/production/images/medium/ma-2010-01447h_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ma101447h'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Kim, Dae-Sik,Guiver, Michael D.,Seo, Mu-Young,Cho, Hyun-Il,Kim, Dae-Hoon,Rhim, Ji-Won,Moon, Go-Young,Nam, Sang-Yong The Polymer Society of Korea 2007 Macromolecular Research Vol.15 No.5
In the present study, crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) membranes were prepared at different temperatures using poly(styrene sulfonic acid-co-maleic acid) (PSSA_MA) (PVA:PSSA_MA = 1:9). The hybrid mem-branes were prepared by varying the TEOS content between 5 and 30 wt%. The PSSA_MA was used both as a crosslinking agent and the hydrophilic group donor ($-SO_3H$ and/or-COOH). The proton conductivity increased with up to 20 wt% TEOS, but decreased above this level, although the water content decreased with increasing TEOS content. This result suggests that the silica doped into the membrane improved the formation of proton-conduction pathways due to the absorption of molecular water. The PVA/PSSA_MA/Silica containing TEOS 20% showed both high proton conductivity (0.026 S/cm at $90^{\circ}C$) and low methanol permeability ($5.55{\times}10^{-7}cm^2/s$).
Shin, Dong Won,Guiver, Michael D.,Lee, Young Moo American Chemical Society [etc.] 2017 Chemical reviews Vol.117 No.6
<P>A fundamental understanding of polymer microstructure is important in order to design novel polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) with excellent electrochemical performance and stabilities. Hydrocarbon-based polymers have distinct microstructure according to their chemical structure. The ionic clusters and/or channels play a critical role in PEMs, affecting ion conductivity and water transport, especially at medium temperature and low relative humidity (RH). In addition, physical properties such as water uptake and dimensional swelling behavior depend strongly on polymer morphology. Over the past few decades, much research has focused on the synthetic development and microstructural characterization of hydrocarbon-based PEM materials. Furthermore, blends, composites, pressing, shear field, electrical field, surface modification, and cross-linking have also been shown to be effective approaches to obtain/maintain well-defined PEM microstructure. This review summarizes recent work on developments in advanced PEMs with various chemical structures and architecture and the resulting polymer microstructures and morphologies that arise for potential application in fuel cell, lithium ion battery, redox flow battery, actuators, and electrodialysis.</P>