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Hwang, Seung Hwan,Zuo, Guanglei,Wang, Zhiqiang,Lim, Soon Sung Elsevier 2018 Food chemistry Vol.266 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A heating model system (HMS) of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and 20 amino acids was produced by heating at 120 °C for 4 h and evaluated for in vitro antioxidant and aldose reductase (AR). The CGA-glutamic acid (GT) HMS showed high in vitro antiradical activity indicated by ABTS<SUP>+</SUP> (82.37%) and DPPH radical scavenging (83.21%) as well as AR (83.21%) inhibition. The structure of the new compound was established by NMR spectroscopy, as methyl-3-(((<I>E</I>)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acryloyl)oxy)-4,5-dihydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate (1) and 4-<I>O</I>-caffeoylquinic acid (2) from the CGA-GT HMS. The IC<SUB>50</SUB> values of compound 1 for ABTS<SUP>+</SUP>, DPPH and AR were 8.21, 56.97 and 3.68 μM, respectively. These activities were similar to or higher than those of known positive controls (5.49, 63.58 and 13.60 μM). We suggest that heat treatment generates novel CGA-GT HMS with increased antioxidant and AR inhibitory effects and contributes to the development of novel functional materials from CGA food products.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The newly produced compounds from the CGA-GT heating model system were isolated and characterized. </LI> <LI> The novel CGA derivative showed high in vitro ABTS<SUP>+</SUP> and DPPH radical scavenging activities and aldose reductase inhibitory activity. </LI> <LI> Heating CGA as well as coffee bean with glutamic acid in water may contribute to functional ingredients for treatment of diabetic complications. </LI> </UL> </P>
Hyun-Yong Kim,Hee Jung Lee,Guanglei Zuo,Seung Hwan Hwang,Kang Hyuk Kim,Silvia Soto Montero,Hong-Won Suh,Soon Sung Lim 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10
Caesalpinia eriostachys Benth. (CE) is native to the Mexico and multiple effects have been observed from plants belonging to the same family. CE was extracted with 95% ethanol, and the components were isolated using column chromatography. The structure of the compound was elucidated based on nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral data, electron ionization-mass (EI-MS) spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-mass (LC-MS) spectroscopy. In vivo antinociceptive studies were conducted using writhing, 5% formalin, tail-flick, hot-plate, and von Frey filament tests. The CE ethanolic extract showed a significant effect in the acetic acid-induced pain model and nociceptive behavior in the formalin model (2<SUP>nd</SUP> phase), suggesting the CE ethanolic extract may acts peripherally to reduce pain. In the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced pain model, the CE ethanolic extract showed significant effect in the von Frey test model. Additionally, the n-Hex (Hexane) fractions and isolated compounds, ellagic acid and agathisflavone, showed increased effect. Based on these results, we confirmed that the CE ethanolic extract and their compounds have antinociceptive effect on diabetes mellitus-induced pain.
Guillen Quispe, Yanymee N.,Hwang, Seung Hwan,Wang, Zhiqiang,Zuo, Guanglei,Lim, Soon Sung MDPI 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.12
<P>This study investigates in vitro targets related to diabetes in 30 herbal extracts from Peru, for the first time, using α-glucosidase, aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory assays and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging assays. Among the 30 herbal extracts, <I>Hypericum laricifolium</I> Juss. (HL) was the herb which showed more than 50% inhibition in all assays, presenting 97.2 ± 2.0%, 56.9 ± 5.6%, 81.9 ± 2.5%, and 58.8 ± 4.6% inhibition for the α-glucosidase, AR, DPPH, and ABTS assays, respectively. Finally, six bioactive compounds, namely, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, kaempferol 3-<I>O</I>-glucuronide, quercetin, and kaempferol were identified in HL by offline high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Quercetin exhibited the strongest inhibition in all enzyme assays and the strongest antioxidant activity. The results suggest that HL shows great potential for the complementary treatment of diabetes and its complications.</P>
Wang, Zhiqiang,Guillen Quispe, Yanymee N.,Hwang, Seung Hwan,Zuo, Guanglei,Lim, Soon Sung Elsevier 2018 Industrial crops and products Vol.122 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Aldose reductase, the pivotal enzyme in the polyol pathway, has been widely investigated as an enzyme critically involved in the onset and progression of various pathologies associated with diabetes mellitus. Investigation of the inhibitory effect of tara [<I>Caesalpinia spinosa</I> (Molina) Kuntze] pods extract on aldose reductase revealed that its <I>n</I>-butanol fraction exhibits excellent aldose reductase inhibitory activity <I>in vitro</I> and <I>ex vivo</I>. Methyl gallate and pistafolin B were isolated from the <I>n</I>-butanol fraction of the tara pod methanolic extract as the main contributors for its aldose reductase inhibition, guided by affinity-based ultrafiltration-high performance liquid chromatography, with pistafolin B being the more potent inhibitor of the two. <I>In vitro</I> and <I>in silico</I> results demonstrated that pistafolin B is a mixed-type inhibitor that can bind to the aldose reductase active site rapidly, preventing substrate access and product formation (IC<SUB>50</SUB>, 0.198 mM; <I>K</I> <SUB>i</SUB>, 0.34 mM). <I>Ex vivo</I> experiments indicated that pistafolin B can penetrate the eye lens and successfully inhibit aldose reductase under hyperglycaemic conditions, thus preventing the accumulation of sorbitol and the subsequent osmotic stress.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The inhibitory effects of tara pods on aldose reductase activity were investigated. </LI> <LI> <I>n</I>-Butanol fraction of tara pods extract showed best aldose reductase inhibition. </LI> <LI> Aldose reductase ultrafiltration-high pressure liquid chromatography was developed. </LI> <LI> Pistafolin B was identified as a novel aldose reductase inhibitor in tara pods. </LI> </UL> </P>