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- 저자 : Grossniklaus, Hans E. (검색결과 3 건)
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Eun Jee Chung,고형준,강신정,구자승,최윤정,Hans E. Grossniklaus 연세대학교의과대학 2011 Yonsei medical journal Vol.52 No.1
Purpose: To investigate the effect of bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech, San Francisco,CA, USA) on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and inflammation in fibrovascular membranes in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Materials and Methods: Fibrovascular membranes from 19 eyes of 18 patients with PDR were studied using immunohistochemistry and analyzed in the following 3 groups; group 1: 4 inactive PDR eyes, group 2: 10 active PDR eyes treated preoperatively with adjunctive intravitreal bevacizumab, group 3: five active PDR eyes not treated preoperatively with bevacizumab. Immunohistochemical staining for VEGF, CD31 and CD68 were done. Results: The immunoreactivity to VEGF and CD 31-positive blood vessels was significantly higher in membranes from group 3 than group 1 (p = 0.007 for VEGF, 0.013 for CD 31-positive vessels). Intravitreal bevacizumab caused a reduction in VEGF expression and vascular densities in 4 out of 10 (40%) excised membranes from eyes with PDR. However, six membranes (60%) in group 2 still demonstrated relatively strong VEGF expression and high vascular density. Infiltration of macrophages was observed in 16 out of the 19 membranes, and the density of macrophages was increased in group 2 compared with group 1 (p = 0.043). Conclusion: Intravitreal bevacizumab injections caused some reduction in VEGF expression and vascular densities in a limited number of active PDR patients. A single intravitreal bevacizumab injection may not be enough to induce complete blockage of VEGF and pathologic neovascularization in active PDR patients. Repeated injections, panretinal photocoagulation and/or PPV may be necessary following intravitreal bevacizumab to reinforce the anti-VEGF effect of the drug.
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Altering Sexual Development in Arabidopsis
Calzada, Vielle,Phillippe, Jean,Moore, James M.,Gagliano, Wendy B.,Grossniklaus, Ueli 한국식물학회 1998 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.41 No.2
The reproductive system determines the way in which gametes develop and interact to form a new organism. Therefore, it exerts the primary level of control of genotypic frequencies in plant populations, and plays a fundamental role in plant breeding. A basic understanding of plant reproductive development will completely transform current breeding strategies used for seed production. Apomixis is an asexual form of reproduction in which embryogenesis occurs in a cell lineage lacking both meiosis and fertilization, and that culminates in the formation of viable progeny genetically identical to the mother plant. The transfer of apomixis into sexual crops will allow the production of self-perpetuating improved hybrids, and the fixation of any desired heterozygous genotype. The initiation of apomictic development invariably takes place at early stages of ovule ontogeny, before the establishment of the megagametophytic phase. The developmental versatility associated with megagametophyte formation suggests that the genetic and molecular regulation of apomixis is intimately related to the regulation of sexuality. Differences between the initiation of sexual and apomictic development may be determined by regulatory genes that act during megasporogenesis, and that control events leading to the formation of unreduced female gametophytes. To test this hypothesis, we are isolating and characterizing genes that act during megasporogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and investigating their potential role in the induction of apomixis. We are using a recently established transposon-based enhancer detection and gene trap insertional mutagenesis system that allows the identification of genes based on their expression patterns. An initial screen of transposants has yielded over 20 lines conferring restricted GUS expression during early ovule development. We have obtained the sequence of genomic fragments flanking the transposon insertion. Serveral have homology to genes playing important roles in plant and animal development. They include cell cycle regulators, enzymes involved in callose hydrolysis, leucine-rich repeat protein kinase receptors, and expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of unknown function. Independently, a genetic screen allows the identification of female sterile mutants defective in megasporogenesis. Results from these experiments will imporve our basic understanding of reproductive development in plants, and will set the basis for a sustained effort in plant germ line biotechnology, a first step toward a flexible transfer of apomixis into a large variety of sexual crops.
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A Case of Congenital Orbital Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor: Systemic Metastasis following Exenteration
Kook, Koung Hoon,Park, Moon Sung,Yim, Hyunee,Lee, Sang Yeul,Jang, Jae Woo,Grossniklaus, Hans E. S. Karger AG 2009 Ophthalmologica Vol.223 No.4
<P>A newborn girl presented with massive proptosis of the right eye. Physical and radiologic examination disclosed that the primary orbital mass was confined to the site. A diagnosis of malignant rhabdoid tumor was made by histopathologic examination of an incisional biopsy specimen. Exenteration was performed, and the resection margins were free from tumor cells. However, distant metastasis developed in the liver 1 month after surgery. Despite chemotherapy, the patient died 2 months later due to tumor invasion into the central nervous system, which was confirmed by autopsy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of congenital orbital malignant rhabdoid tumor showing systemic metastasis after exenteration, which suggests the need for aggressive systemic treatment rather than exenteration, even in a case of locally confined tumor.</P><P>Copyright © 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>
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