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- 저자 : G.D. Patra (검색결과 4 건)
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Structural and Functional Analysis of a β<sub>2</sub>-Adrenergic Receptor Complex with GRK5
Komolov, Konstantin E.,Du, Yang,Duc, Nguyen Minh,Betz, Robin M.,Rodrigues, Joã,o P.G.L.M.,Leib, Ryan D.,Patra, Dhabaleswar,Skiniotis, Georgios,Adams, Christopher M.,Dror, Ron O.,Chung, Ka Young Cell Press 2017 Cell Vol. No.
<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>The phosphorylation of agonist-occupied G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) by GPCR kinases (GRKs) functions to turn off G-protein signaling and turn on arrestin-mediated signaling. While a structural understanding of GPCR/G-protein and GPCR/arrestin complexes has emerged in recent years, the molecular architecture of a GPCR/GRK complex remains poorly defined. We used a comprehensive integrated approach of cross-linking, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (MS), electron microscopy, mutagenesis, molecular dynamics simulations, and computational docking to analyze GRK5 interaction with the β<SUB>2</SUB>-adrenergic receptor (β<SUB>2</SUB>AR). These studies revealed a dynamic mechanism of complex formation that involves large conformational changes in the GRK5 RH/catalytic domain interface upon receptor binding. These changes facilitate contacts between intracellular loops 2 and 3 and the C terminus of the β<SUB>2</SUB>AR with the GRK5 RH bundle subdomain, membrane-binding surface, and kinase catalytic cleft, respectively. These studies significantly contribute to our understanding of the mechanism by which GRKs regulate the function of activated GPCRs.</P> <P><B>PaperClip</B></P> <P>Display Omitted</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> GRK5-β<SUB>2</SUB>AR binding is enhanced by receptor and kinase ligands and acidic lipids </LI> <LI> GRK5 binding to the β<SUB>2</SUB>AR involves a multi-site interaction </LI> <LI> Receptor binding triggers substantial conformational changes in GRK5 </LI> <LI> RH/catalytic domain separation in GRK5 is essential for receptor phosphorylation </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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Review on bioleaching of uranium from low-grade ore
김동진,안종관,윤호성,Patra, A.K.,Pradhan, D.,Kim, D.J.,Ahn, J.G,Yoon, H.S. 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2011 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.20 No.2
본 총설은 광석으로부터 우라늄의 미생물 침출시 사용하는 Acidithiobacillus forrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans 그리고 Leptospirillum ferrooxidans 등에 역할과 침출반응에 관하여 기술하였다. 미생물에 의한 우라늄의 침출반응은 박테리아가 우라늄 광석과 직접 반응하기 보다는 박테리아가 $U^{4+}$를 산화시키는데 필요한 $Fe^{3+}$를 공급하고, $Fe^{3+}$가 우라늄 광석과 반응하는 간접반응기구(indirect mechanism)에 의하여 일어난다. 건식제련법과 같은 전통적인 금속회수 공정에 비하여 환경친화적이고 경제적인 장점 때문에 저품위 광물자원으로부터 유기금속을 회수하는데 미생물 제련법이 널리 활용되고 있다. 현재 우라늄은 heap, dump 그리고 in situ를 이용한 미생물 침출법으로 회수되고 있다. Bioheap의 공기 투입량, 교반반응용기의 디자인 및 조업 개선 분야에서 기술개발이 지속적으로 이루어졌으며 최근에는 미생물 침출반응에 투입된 박테리아의 특성 개선 및 균주수를 제어하기 위한 molecular biology 분야에서 활발한 연구가 진행되고 있다. This review describes the involvement of different microorganisms for the recovery of uranium from the ore. Mainly Acidithiobacillus forrooxidans, Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Leptospirillum ferrooxidans are found to be the most widely used bacteria in the bioleaching process of uranium. The bioleaching of uranium generally follows indirect mechanism in which bacteria provide the ferric iron required to oxidize $U^{4+}$. Commercial applications of bioleaching have been incorporated for extracting valuable metals, due to its favorable process economics and reduced environmental problems compared to conventional metal recovery processes such as smelting. At present the uranium is recovered through main bioleaching techniques employed by heap, dump and in situ leaching. Process development has included recognition of the importance of aeration of bioheaps, and improvements in stirred tank reactor design and operation. Concurrently, knowledge of the key microorganisms involved in these processes has advanced, aided by advances in molecular biology to characterize microbial populations.
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Sonu,Mohit Tyagi,A. Kelkar,A. Sahu,M. Sonawane,P.S. Sarkar,A. Pandey,D.B. Sathe,G.D. Patra,T. Vincent,S.G. Singh,R.B. Bhatt Korean Nuclear Society 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.7
For the precise measurements of special nuclear materials (SNM) including Pu and Am isotopes, we have used phoswich detector combination of two single crystal scintillators of Gd<sub>3</sub>Ga<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>12</sub>:Ce and CsI:Tl. High detection efficiency and sensitivity along with high figure of merit for the discrimination of these phoswich detectors ensures the detection and discrimination of thermal neutrons and gammas from spontaneous fission of Pu and other isotopes in presence of high gamma background. Using this detector, the low energy gammas, which is stopped completely in 1mm thick disc of GGAG, can be also discriminated from high energies gamma and shows linearity in wide range of sample quantities. By changing only the appropriate shielding, the similar setup was used for thermal neutron detection and shows a very good linearity over wide range. The quantity of a test sample was also calculated accurately by using the measured calibrated plot.
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