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- 저자 : Forsyth, M. (검색결과 22 건)
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Musier-Forsyth, Karin The Korea Science and Technology Center 1998 BMB Reports Vol.31 No.6
A critical step in the faithful translation of genetic information is specific tRNA recognition by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. These enzymes catalyze the covalent attachment of particular amino acids to the terminal adenosine of cognate tRNA substrates. In general, there is one synthetase for each of the twenty amino acids and each enzyme must discriminate against all of the cellular tRNAs that are specific for the nineteen noncognate amino acids. Primary sequence information combined with structural data have resulted in the division of the twenty synthetases into two classes. In recent years, several high-resolution co-crystal structures along with biochemical data have led to an increased understanding of tRNA recognition by synthetases of both classes. The anticodon sequence and the amino acid acceptor stem are the most common locations for critical recognition elements. This review will focus on acceptor stem discrimination by class II synthetases. In particular, the results of in vitro aminoacylation assays and site-directed and atomic group mutagenesis studies will be discussed. These studies have revealed that even subtle atomic determinants can provide signals specific tRNA aminoacylation.
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The Impact of Mortgage Loans Transferred on Bank Employee Compensation
Joetta Forsyth,Maretno Harjoto People&Global Business Association 2009 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.14 No.1
This paper compares how employees are compensated when they originate loans that are held by the bank versus loans that are sold. Banks may be less concerned about the credit quality of a borrower when they sell the loan to an outsider. This study looks at mortgages transferred out of banks where partial recourse is transferred. First, it finds that loans transferred out of banks into Government Sponsored Enterprises (FNMA and FHLMC) and private entities increase employee compensation by 6 cents per dollar of loans transferred. Compared to the 3.5 cent increase in employee compensation per dollar of mortgage loans underwritten and held by the bank, this impact of mortgage loan transfers on compensation is about 71% higher. Thus, employees receive a stronger incentive to focus on loan volume and potentially focus less on credit quality, for those loans where liability for loss is being partially transferred away from the bank. This suggests that banks should review their compensation practices, and be prepared to communicate to regulators and investors who purchase loans about these practices. Regulators and investors may need to pay closer attention to the compensation policies of banks, and may even consider creating policies regarding the compensation of employees who originate not only mortgages, but any kind of loan that is being sold and securitized, or where recourse is being transferred.
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In Vitro Modeling of the Tumor Microenvironment in Tumor Organoids
Devarasetty Mahesh,Forsythe Steven D.,Shelkey Ethan,Soker Shay 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2020 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.17 No.6
Background: The tumor microenvironment (TME) represents the many components occupying the space within and surrounding a tumor, including cells, signaling factors, extracellular matrix, and vasculature. Each component has the potential to assume many forms and functions which in turn contribute to the overall state of the TME, and further contribute to the progression and disposition of the tumor itself. The sum of these components can drive a tumor towards progression, keep a migratory tumor at bay, or even control chemotherapeutic response. The wide potential for interaction that the TME is an integral part of a tumor’s ecosystem, and it is imperative to include it when studying and modeling cancer in vitro. Fortunately, the development of tissue engineering and biofabrication technologies and methodologies have allowed widespread inclusion of TME-based factors into in vitro tissue-equivalent models. Methods: In this review, we compiled contemporary literature sources to provide an overview of the field of TME models, ranging from simple to complex. Results: We have identified important components of the TME, how they can be included in in vitro study, and cover examples across a range of cancer types. Conclusion: Our goal with this text is to provide a foundation for prospective research into the TME.
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Measurement of collective dynamical mass of Dirac fermions in graphene
Yoon, Hosang,Forsythe, Carlos,Wang, Lei,Tombros, Nikolaos,Watanabe, Kenji,Taniguchi, Takashi,Hone, James,Kim, Philip,Ham, Donhee Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2014 Nature nanotechnology Vol.9 No.8
Individual electrons in graphene behave as massless quasiparticles. Unexpectedly, it is inferred from plasmonic investigations that electrons in graphene must exhibit a non-zero mass when collectively excited. The inertial acceleration of the electron collective mass is essential to explain the behaviour of plasmons in this material, and may be directly measured by accelerating it with a time-varying voltage and quantifying the phase delay of the resulting current. This voltage–current phase relation would manifest as a kinetic inductance, representing the reluctance of the collective mass to accelerate. However, at optical (infrared) frequencies, phase measurements of current are generally difficult, and, at microwave frequencies, the inertial phase delay has been buried under electron scattering. Therefore, to date, the collective mass in graphene has defied unequivocal measurement. Here, we directly and precisely measure the kinetic inductance, and therefore the collective mass, by combining device engineering that reduces electron scattering and sensitive microwave phase measurements. Specifically, the encapsulation of graphene between hexagonal boron nitride layers, one-dimensional edge contacts and a proximate top gate configured as microwave ground together enable the inertial phase delay to be resolved from the electron scattering. Beside its fundamental importance, the kinetic inductance is found to be orders of magnitude larger than the magnetic inductance, which may be utilized to miniaturize radiofrequency integrated circuits. Moreover, its bias dependency heralds a solid-state voltage-controlled inductor to complement the prevalent voltage-controlled capacitor.
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Exploring the Use of Information Technology in Dietetics Practice among Clinical Dietitians
Wong Karine,Ham Sunny,Forsythe Hazel W. Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2005 Journal of community nutrition Vol.7 No.3
This exploratory study investigated the software programs utilized by clinical dietitians and their perceptions on the use of information technology. The study focused on the use of specialized software for dietetics, general software for any office use and the Internet. A self-administered survey was used to collect data from clinical dietitians identified in the Kentucky Dietetic Association Directory 2003-2004. The survey was conducted in March through April, 2004. A total of 22 responses were collected, which yielded a response rate of $68\%$. Findings suggest that computer use has become a routine for optimal clinical practice ; major specialized software programs are used for nutrition assessment, nutrition analysis and menu development. Use of specialized software appears to be unassociated with dietitians' age and years of experience ; however, the associations are indicated between use of specialized software and education level as well as their specialty ; word processing and spreadsheet are the major general software used. Internet is used mainly for information search and communication. Respondents perceived that overall work efficiency and productivity significantly increased with computer use. The complexity of software is the major barrier encountered so training is the most needed support by the department. Strategic promotion on the use of specialized software should be targeted to the management team of the hospitals/facilities.
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Hires Brigette,Ham Sunny,Forsythe Hazel W. The Korean Society of Community Nutrition 2006 Journal of community nutrition Vol.8 No.1
Health care is one of the most popular reasons for accessing the Internet. Of concern is the amount of information from disreputable sources available on the Internet. A review of websites offering nutrition consulting services suggests sites are controlled by both registered dietitians and non-dietitian professionals marketing themselves as nutrition consultants. The purpose of this study was to investigate structure and content of websites controlled by registered dietitians and nondietitians professionals marketing themselves as nutritionists or nutrition consultants. Internet search queries of 'dietitian', 'dietitian consultant', and 'nutrition consultant' were completed for website selection. Thirty websites controlled by registered dietitians and 10 websites controlled by nutrition consultants were reviewed using an 18-item website evaluation instrument developed for this study. Five evaluators were recruited from the dietetics program at the University of Kentucky. Overall, websites controlled by registered dietitians ranked higher than websites controlled by nutrition consultants in a majority of categories. Sites controlled by registered dietitians ranked statistically higher for the following categories: 'accuracy of information'(p<.0001), 'inclusion of professional resume of owner or primary manager' (p<.05), and 'explanation of the affiliation to externallinks'(p<.05). A majority of sites controlled by both dietitians and nutrition consultants achieved a poor ranking in regards to provision of a legal disclaimer and inclusion of a privacy policy. Prior studies suggest personal privacy is the most important concern for consumers accessing health information on the Internet. Findings from this project will benefit dietitians to assist in development of reputable nutrition related websites.
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