Enhanced stability of NADH/dehydrogenase mixture system by water-soluble phospholipid polymers

Fukazawa, Kyoko,Ishihara, Kazuhiko Techno-Press 2016 Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering Vol.3 No.1

To maintain activity in a coenzyme/enzyme mixture system, such as ${\beta}$-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)/dehydrogenase, the water-soluble 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymers as an additive were synthesized and investigated for their stabilizing function. The inhibitor for the NADH/dehydrogenase reaction was spontaneously formed when the NADH was stored in the dehydrogenase solution. Therefore, we hypothesized that if the additive polymer could interact with an inhibitor without any adverse effect on the dehydrogenase, the activity in the NADH/dehydrogenase mixture could be maintained. We selected lactose dehydrogenase (LDH) as the enzyme, and the NADH was dissolved and incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ in the LDH solution containing the polymers. The phospholipid polymers used in this study were poly(MPC) (PMPC), poly(MPC-co-3-trimethylammonium-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate chloride) (PMQ) and poly[MPC-co-potassium 3-methacryloyloxypropyl sulfonate ($MSO_3$)] ($PMMSO_3$). The poly($MSO_3$) was used as a reference. For the PMQ and $PMSO_3$ aqueous solutions, the activity of the NADH/LDH mixture system decreased with incubation time as the same level or lower than that in the Tris buffered solution in the absence of the polymers. However, for the poly($MPC-co-MSO_3$) ($PMMSO_3$) aqueous solution, the activity of the NADH/LDH mixed system was six times higher than that in the buffered solution even after a 3-days incubation. The LDH activity was 1.5-1.8 times higher in the presence of the $PMMSO_3$ compared with that in the $PMSO_3$ solution. The mixture of two polymers, poly(MPC) and poly($MSO_3$), did not produce any stabilization. Thus, both the MPC and $MSO_3$ units in the polymer chain had important and cooperative effects for stabilizing the NADH/LDH mixture.

Deposition of Aerosols on Leaves in a Cool-temperate Larch Forest in Northern Hokkaido, Japan

Fukazawa Tatsuya,Murao Naoto,Sato Hisashi,Takahashi Masahiro,Akiyama Masayuki,Yamaguchi Takashi,Noguchi Izumi,Takahashi Hiroyuki,Kozuka Chikara,Sakai Rei,Takagi Kentaro,Fujinuma Yasumi,Saigusa Nobuko 한국대기환경학회 2012 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.6 No.4

Aerosol concentrations at the CC-Lag site in the Teshio Experimental Forest increased from winter to spring and sometimes showed extremely high values associated with Kosa and/or forest-fire events. The range and mean of the mass concentrations of aerosol chemical species were as follows: total particulate mass, 1.2-29, 5.0; elemental carbon, 0.061-2.2, 0.43; organic carbon, 0.059-3.5, 0.79; and sulfate,0.12-6.2, 1.8 μg/m3. The total masses of the deposited particles on hybrid larch and on bamboo leaves were approximately 35 and 30 μg/cm2, respectively. The amounts of soil particles on the leaves were 6 μg/cm2 for the upper part of hybrid larch, 2μg/cm2 for the lower part of hybrid larch, and 1 μg/cm2 for Sasa bamboo leaves. The amounts of deposited black carbon were 2.3 μg/cm2 for the upper part of hybrid larch, 0.6 μg/cm2 for the lower part of hybrid larch, and 0.2 μg/cm2 for Sasa bamboo leaves. Half of the total deposited particular mass was attached on the hybrid larch; however, most of the total deposited mass was adhered on the Sasa bamboo leaves. Regardless of the species, there tend to be more deposited particles on the leaves in the upper part than in the lower part, with only a few meters height difference. Comparing the composition of the deposited particles to that of the atmospheric aerosols without any size cut, the fractions of water-soluble material sulfate and sea salt in the deposited aerosols were about one tenth and one hundredth lower than that in the aerosols, respectively. On the basis of the measured concentration and the deposited amount on leaves, the deposition velocity of black carbon was estimated to be approximately 0.5 cm/s. Aerosol concentrations at the CC-Lag site in the Teshio Experimental Forest increased from winter to spring and sometimes showed extremely high values associated with Kosa and/or forest-fire events. The range and mean of the mass concentrations of aerosol chemical species were as follows: total particulate mass, 1.2-29, 5.0; elemental carbon, 0.061-2.2, 0.43; organic carbon, 0.059-3.5, 0.79; and sulfate,0.12-6.2, 1.8 μg/m3. The total masses of the deposited particles on hybrid larch and on bamboo leaves were approximately 35 and 30 μg/cm2, respectively. The amounts of soil particles on the leaves were 6 μg/cm2 for the upper part of hybrid larch, 2μg/cm2 for the lower part of hybrid larch, and 1 μg/cm2 for Sasa bamboo leaves. The amounts of deposited black carbon were 2.3 μg/cm2 for the upper part of hybrid larch, 0.6 μg/cm2 for the lower part of hybrid larch, and 0.2 μg/cm2 for Sasa bamboo leaves. Half of the total deposited particular mass was attached on the hybrid larch; however, most of the total deposited mass was adhered on the Sasa bamboo leaves. Regardless of the species, there tend to be more deposited particles on the leaves in the upper part than in the lower part, with only a few meters height difference. Comparing the composition of the deposited particles to that of the atmospheric aerosols without any size cut, the fractions of water-soluble material sulfate and sea salt in the deposited aerosols were about one tenth and one hundredth lower than that in the aerosols, respectively. On the basis of the measured concentration and the deposited amount on leaves, the deposition velocity of black carbon was estimated to be approximately 0.5 cm/s.

Enhanced stability of NADH/dehydrogenase mixture system by water-soluble phospholipid polymers

Fukazawa, Kyoko,Ishihara, Kazuhiko Techno-Press 2016 Biomaterials and biomedical engineering Vol.3 No.1

To maintain activity in a coenzyme/enzyme mixture system, such as ${\beta}$-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH)/dehydrogenase, the water-soluble 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) polymers as an additive were synthesized and investigated for their stabilizing function. The inhibitor for the NADH/dehydrogenase reaction was spontaneously formed when the NADH was stored in the dehydrogenase solution. Therefore, we hypothesized that if the additive polymer could interact with an inhibitor without any adverse effect on the dehydrogenase, the activity in the NADH/dehydrogenase mixture could be maintained. We selected lactose dehydrogenase (LDH) as the enzyme, and the NADH was dissolved and incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ in the LDH solution containing the polymers. The phospholipid polymers used in this study were poly(MPC) (PMPC), poly(MPC-co-3-trimethylammonium-2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate chloride) (PMQ) and poly[MPC-co-potassium 3-methacryloyloxypropyl sulfonate ($MSO_3$)] ($PMMSO_3$). The poly($MSO_3$) was used as a reference. For the PMQ and $PMSO_3$ aqueous solutions, the activity of the NADH/LDH mixture system decreased with incubation time as the same level or lower than that in the Tris buffered solution in the absence of the polymers. However, for the poly($MPC-co-MSO_3$) ($PMMSO_3$) aqueous solution, the activity of the NADH/LDH mixed system was six times higher than that in the buffered solution even after a 3-days incubation. The LDH activity was 1.5-1.8 times higher in the presence of the $PMMSO_3$ compared with that in the $PMSO_3$ solution. The mixture of two polymers, poly(MPC) and poly($MSO_3$), did not produce any stabilization. Thus, both the MPC and $MSO_3$ units in the polymer chain had important and cooperative effects for stabilizing the NADH/LDH mixture.

Effects of Chios mastic gum and exercise on physical characteristics, blood lipid markers, insulin resistance, and hepatic function in healthy Japanese men

Fukazawa, Tomoko,Smyrnioudis, Ilias,Konishi, Masayuki,Takahashi, Masaki,Kim, Hyeon Ki,Nishimaki, Mio,Xiang, Mi,Sakamoto, Shizuo 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.3

The effects of Chios mastic gum (Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia) and exercise on physical characteristics, blood lipid markers, insulin resistance, and hepatic function were investigated in healthy, non-smoking Japanese men aged ${\geq}40$ years. Participants were allocated to control (C, 5 g/day placebo powder, n = 7), mastic (M, 5 g/day mastic powder, n = 7), or mastic plus physical activity groups (M + PA, 5 g/day mastic powder and 30-min exercise three times/week, n = 7), and measurements were taken at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Serum triglycerides were significantly reduced at 3 months in M and M + PA compared with C (P < 0.05). Serum insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance values were significantly reduced at 3 and 6 months in M + PA, and at 6 months in M, compared with C (P < 0.05). These results indicate that Chios mastic gum intake for 6 months reduced serum triglyceride and insulin concentrations, and additional exercise enhanced the effect on insulin.

Deposition of Aerosols on Leaves in a Cool-temperate Larch Forest in Northern Hokkaido, Japan

Tatsuya, Fukazawa,Naoto, Murao,Hisashi, Sato,Masahiro, Takahashi,Masayuki, Akiyama,Takashi, Yamaguchi,Izumi, Noguchi,Hiroyuki, Takahashi,Chikara, Kozuka,Rei, Sakai,Kentaro, Takagi,Yasumi, Fujinuma,Nob Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment 2012 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.6 No.4

Aerosol concentrations at the CC-Lag site in the Teshio Experimental Forest increased from winter to spring and sometimes showed extremely high values associated with Kosa and/or forest-fire events. The range and mean of the mass concentrations of aerosol chemical species were as follows: total particulate mass, 1.2-29, 5.0; elemental carbon, 0.061-2.2, 0.43; organic carbon, 0.059-3.5, 0.79; and sulfate, 0.12-6.2, 1.8 ${\mu}g/m^3$. The total masses of the deposited particles on hybrid larch and on bamboo leaves were approximately 35 and 30 ${\mu}g/cm^2$, respectively. The amounts of soil particles on the leaves were 6 ${\mu}g/cm^2$ for the upper part of hybrid larch, 2 ${\mu}g/cm^2$ for the lower part of hybrid larch, and 1 ${\mu}g/cm^2$ for Sasa bamboo leaves. The amounts of deposited black carbon were 2.3 ${\mu}g/cm^2$ for the upper part of hybrid larch, 0.6 ${\mu}g/cm^2$ for the lower part of hybrid larch, and 0.2 ${\mu}g/cm^2$ for Sasa bamboo leaves. Half of the total deposited particular mass was attached on the hybrid larch; however, most of the total deposited mass was adhered on the Sasa bamboo leaves. Regardless of the species, there tend to be more deposited particles on the leaves in the upper part than in the lower part, with only a few meters height difference. Comparing the composition of the deposited particles to that of the atmospheric aerosols without any size cut, the fractions of water-soluble material sulfate and sea salt in the deposited aerosols were about one tenth and one hundredth lower than that in the aerosols, respectively. On the basis of the measured concentration and the deposited amount on leaves, the deposition velocity of black carbon was estimated to be approximately 0.5 cm/s.

Effects of Chios mastic gum and exercise on physical characteristics, blood lipid markers, insulin resistance, and hepatic function in healthy Japanese men

Tomoko Fukazawa,Ilias Smyrnioudis,Masayuki Konishi,Hyeon Ki Kim,Mio Nishimaki,Mi Xiang,Shizuo Sakamoto 한국식품과학회 2018 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.27 No.3

The effects of Chios mastic gum (Pistacia lentiscus var. Chia) and exercise on physical characteristics, blood lipid markers, insulin resistance, and hepatic function were investigated in healthy, non-smoking Japanese men aged C 40 years. Participants were allocated to control (C, 5 g/day placebo powder, n = 7), mastic (M, 5 g/day mastic powder, n = 7), or mastic plus physical activity groups (M ? PA, 5 g/day mastic powder and 30-min exercise three times/week, n = 7), and measurements were taken at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Serum triglycerides were significantly reduced at 3 months in M and M ? PA compared with C (P\0.05). Serum insulin and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance values were significantly reduced at 3 and 6 months in M ? PA, and at 6 months in M, compared with C (P\0.05). These results indicate that Chios mastic gum intake for 6 months reduced serum triglyceride and insulin concentrations, and additional exercise enhanced the effect on insulin.

明治時代の新聞投書欄と女の書くことば

深澤愛(Fukazawa, Ai) 부산대학교 일본연구소 2017 日本硏究 Vol.18 No.-

1900년 전후는 일본어에서 문어 문체의 주류가 언문일치로 이행되기 시작한 시기이다. 이때 여성이 쓰는 말에는 무엇이 요구되었을까. 본고는 1898(메이지 31)년『요미우리신문』의 독자 투고란인「엽서집」에 게재된 "여성이" 쓴 투서(〈女〉의 투서)를 분석하였다. 분석은 문말 형식에 주목하였다. 구어체 문말 형식을 한 문장도 사용하지 않은 〈女〉의 투서에서 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. (1)편지문 형식인 소로문(候文) 계통의 형식이 압도적 다수를 차지했다. (2) 전문적인 사상이나 문학 의도를 자유롭게 표현하는 문장에 사용되는 문어계 문말 형식을 사용한 것이 적다. 또한 구어계 문말 형식을 한 문장 이상 사용한 〈女〉의 투서는 (3) 경어체 사용이 〈女〉 이외의 투서에 비해 많다. (4) 〈女〉는 그 당시의 연설이나 소설에서 종종 사용되는 デアル를 사용하지 않는다. 이상과 같은 결과에서 「엽서집」은 `여성은 공적 언어영역에 참가하지 말라`라는 사회적 규범을 독자에게 노골적으로 드러내고 있음을 알 수 있다.

SEEING IS BELIEVING: THE INFLUENCE OF PAST EXPERIENCE ON CORPORATE ADVERTISING BY GLOBAL BTOB ADVERTISER

Morikazu Hirose,Takuya Fukazawa 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

This research examines how the consumer responds to corporate advertising by a global BtoB advertiser. Based on the theory of consumer knowledge, corporate reputation, Attitude toward the Ad (Aad), and global consumer culture, this study assumes a positive relationship between Aad and corporate reputation, and in turn, word-of-mouth intentions. In addition to causal relationships, the moderating effects of level of knowledge were tested. The results showed positive causal relationships among consumer knowledge, brand attitude, and word-of-mouth communication. However, the moderating effects of level of knowledge were not fully supported. The implications and limitations of these results are discussed.

Gap-Fill Characteristics and Film Properties of DMDMOS Fabricated by an F-CVD System

Lee, Woojin,Fukazawa, Atsuki,Choa, Yong-Ho Materials Research Society of Korea 2016 한국재료학회지 Vol.26 No.9

The deposition process for the gap-filling of sub-micrometer trenches using DMDMOS, $(CH_3)_2Si(OCH_3)_2$, and $C_xH_yO_z$ by flowable chemical vapor deposition (F-CVD) is presented. We obtained low-k films that possess superior gap-filling properties on trench patterns without voids or delamination. The newly developed technique for the gap-filling of submicrometer features will have a great impact on IMD and STI for the next generation of microelectronic devices. Moreover, this bottom up gap-fill mode is expected to be universal in other chemical vapor deposition systems.

Combined extracranial and intracranial approach for resection of dermoid cyst of the sphenoid bone with a cutaneous sinus tract across the frontal branch of the facial nerve

Ishii, Naohiro,Fukazawa, Emi,Aoki, Tomoko,Kishi, Kazuo Korean Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association 2019 Archives of Craniofacial Surgery Vol.20 No.2

Frontotemporal dermoid cysts with a cutaneous sinus tract in the sphenoid bone are rarely found, and furthermore, the spreading of these cysts across the frontal branch of the facial nerve has not been reported. Herein, we present a 5-year-old case of a dermoid cyst successfully resected with preservation of this nerve using a combined extracranial and intracranial approach. This approach is recommended for a safe and radical resection of the lesion and for securing an aesthetic outcome.