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      • 漢江流域 豪雨의 空間特性

        鄭斗永,李在炯 全北大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.29 No.-

        By the spectral analysis of many heavy rains' recorded data, at Han river basin, an emprical spectral density function model is presented for the spatial distribution of storm. Using the storm data which was augmented by the Stochastic correlation with it's neighbors, the multiquadric random ndom surface of total storm depth is constructed. And to separate the local components from it's regionals and find the regional charcteristics, a double Fourier analysis was applied to the total depths. The local components, storm residuals of each storm was assumed to be an homogeneous random field and investigated with it's autocorrelation function. For the practical application, isotropic was assumed which was identifyed with emprical data. Coefficients of normalized autocorrelation for all storms were shown similar appearance. Using this emprical result, an example of the radial spectral density function is presented which represents the spatial characteristics of heavyrains over Han-river basin during 1975~1983.

      • 高等學校 生物 實驗實習敎材의 開發硏究 Ⅰ

        崔斗文,李元求,文炯泰 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1984 과학교육연구 Vol.16 No.1

        Teaching materials available for the effective performance of laboratory experimental work in high school biology were developed, laying emphasis on the following items : environmental pollution and natural conservations, biological concepts that the degree of difficulty is high, applications of teaching materials which are developed in foreign conturies, productions of teaching materials and models. The measuring methods of size of micrography without micrometer or with a hand-made glass micrometer were developed. By observing the morphological characters of liverwort, the methods of telling its sex, distingshing its life cycle into sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction, and comparing its life cycle with those of other plants were presented. By observing the morphological characters of moss, the methods of telling its sex and comparing its life cycle with those of liverwork, ferns and flowering plants were presented. A convenient observing method of cartilaginous and bony tissues in animals was developed using the easily available material in our surrounding The observing method of extension and contraction of chromatophores induced by environmental changes on freshwater fishes was developed. The methods of sorting and identifying the higher plants by observing their leaves and flowers were presented. The improved analytical method of plant community structure was presented by using the artificial plant community within laboratory. The assesing method of harmful effects on plant tissues by sulfur dioxide was improved.

      • Surface Charge Layer of Amorphous Solid Water with Adsorbed Acid or Base: Asymmetric Depth Distributions of H<sup>+</sup> and OH<sup>–</sup> Ions

        Lee, Du Hyeong,Bang, Jaehyeock,Kang, Heon American Chemical Society 2016 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.120 No.22

        <P>The charge at the surface of water and the resultant surface voltage play an important role in many natural phenomena and technological applications. However, the relationship between surface Charge and the interfacial distribution of H+ and OH- ions remains unclear. We measured the surface voltage produced by an ionized acid or a base at the surface of amorphous solid Water (ASW) using a Kelvin work-function probe and studied the depth distributions of H+ and OH- ions. H+ ions were distributed over a thicker region from the surface than OH- ions, although both ions reside preferentially at the surface. This difference led:to the formation of opposite surface charges in the presence of the acid or base. The deeper penetration of H+ ions is attributed to efficient proton transport, dynamics in the lattice and the resultant dynamic delocalization of protons. The study demonstrates that the asymmetric H+ and OH- distributions may be important to understand, the electrical and acid-base properties of ASW and crystalline ice surfaces and, possibly, those of the liquid water surface as well.</P>

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재

        Evaluation of internal fit of interim crown fabricated with CAD/CAM milling and 3D printing system

        Lee, Wan-Sun,Lee, Du-Hyeong,Lee, Kyu-Bok The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2017 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.9 No.4

        PURPOSE. This study is to evaluate the internal fit of the crown manufactured by CAD/CAM milling method and 3D printing method. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The master model was fabricated with stainless steel by using CNC machine and the work model was created from the vinyl-polysiloxane impression. After scanning the working model, the design software is used to design the crown. The saved STL file is used on the CAD/CAM milling method and two types of 3D printing method to produce 10 interim crowns per group. Internal discrepancy measurement uses the silicon replica method and the measured data are analyzed with One-way ANOVA to verify the statistic significance. RESULTS. The discrepancy means (standard deviation) of the 3 groups are $171.6\;(97.4){\mu}m$ for the crown manufactured by the milling system and 149.1 (65.9) and $91.1\;(36.4){\mu}m$, respectively, for the crowns manufactured with the two types of 3D printing system. There was a statistically significant difference and the 3D printing system group showed more outstanding value than the milling system group. CONCLUSION. The marginal and internal fit of the interim restoration has more outstanding 3D printing method than the CAD/CAM milling method. Therefore, the 3D printing method is considered as applicable for not only the interim restoration production, but also in the dental prosthesis production with a higher level of completion.

      • SCISCIESCOPUS
      • SCIEKCI등재

        Factors Relating to Induced Systemic Resistance in Watermelon by Plant Growth-Promoting Pseudomonas spp.

        Lee, Yong-Hoon,Lee, Wang-Hyu,Lee, Du-Ku,Shim, Hyeong-Kwon The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2001 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.17 No.3

        The plant growth-promoting Pseudomonas strains, WR8-3 (Pseudomonas fluorescens), WR9-11 (Pseudomonas sp.) and WR9-16 (P.putida), which induced resistance systematically in watermelon to gummy stem rot were investigated on their induced systemic resistance(ISR)-related characteristics. The pyoverdine production was repressed in the standard succinate medium by increasing the concentration of $\textrm{FeCL}_3$. But the iron-binding ability on chrome azurol S agar media (CAS) was observed only in the strains, WR8-3 and WR9-16. When the two strains were mutated, the resulting iron-binding siderophore-negative mutants, WR8-3m and WR 9-16m, failed to promote the growth of watermelon and to induce resistance. The strains, WR8-3 and WR 9-16, slightly inhibited the growth of Didymella bryoniae at a low concentration of $\textrm{FeCL}_3$ on Kong's medium B, but not to exert control dffect. The strain WR9-11 showed antagonism in the concentration of $\textrm{FeCL}_3$ from 0 to $1,000\mu\textrm{M}$. When the crude lipoplysaccharide of each strain was treated in the rhizosphere of watermelon, mean lesion area was similar to that of the untreated control. The strains, WR9-11 and WR9-16 produced some level of hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Salicylic acid production was not detected in all of the strains.

      • SCIESCOPUSKCI등재

        The effect of 4,4'-bis(N,N-diethylamino)benzophenone on the degree of conversion in liquid photopolymer for dental 3D printing

        Lee, Du-Hyeong,Mai, Hang Nga,Yang, Jin-Chul,Kwon, Tae-Yub The Korean Academy of Prosthodonitics 2015 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.7 No.5

        PURPOSE. The purpose of this preliminary study was to investigate the effects of adding 4,4'-bis(N,N-diethylamino) benzophenone (DEABP) as a co-initiator to a binary photoinitiating system (camphorquinone-amine) to analyze on the degree of conversion (DC) of a light-cured resin for dental 3D printing. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Cylindrical specimens (N=60, n=30 per group, ${\phi}5mm{\times}1mm$) were fabricated using bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate (BisGMA) both with and without DEABP. The freshly mixed resins were exposed to light in a custom-made closed chamber with nine light-emitting diode lamps (wavelength: 405 nm; power: $840mW/cm^2$) for polymerization at each incidence of light-irradiation at 10, 30, 60, 180, and 300 seconds, while five specimens at a time were evaluated at each given irradiation point. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to measure the DC values of the resins. Two-way analysis of variance and the Duncan post hoc test were used to analyze statistically significant differences between the groups and given times (${\alpha}$=.05). RESULTS. In the DEABP-containing resin, the DC values were significantly higher at all points in time (P<.001), and also the initial polymerization velocity was faster than in the DEABP-free resin. CONCLUSION. The addition of DEABP significantly enhanced the DC values and, thus, could potentially become an efficient photoinitiator when combined with a camphorquinone-amine system and may be utilized as a more advanced photopolymerization system for dental 3D printing.

      • SCIEKCI등재

        Induction of Systemic Resistance in Watermelon to Gummy Stem Rot by Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria

        Lee, Yong-Hoon,Lee, Wang-Hyu,Shim, Hyeong-Kwon,Lee, Du-Ku The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2000 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.16 No.6

        The selected five plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) strains, WR8-3 (Pseudomonas fluorescens), WR8-6 (P. putida), WR9-9 (P. fluorescens), WR9-11 (Pseudomonas sp.), and WR9-16 (P. putida) isolated in the rhizosphere of watermelon plants were tested on their growth promotion and control effect against gummy stem rot of watermelon. Strains, WR8-3 and WR9-16 significantly increased stem length of watermelon, and there was a little increase in leaf area, fresh weight and root length when strains, WR8-3, WR9-9 and WR9-16 were treated. Generally, seed treatment was better for plant growth promotion than the soil drench, but there was no significant difference. Seed treatment and soil drench of each bacterial strain also significantly reduced the mean lesion area (MLA) by gummy stem rot, but there was no significant difference between the two treatments. At initial inoculum densities of each strain ranging from 10$^6\;to\;10^{15}$ cfu/g seed, approximately the same level of disease resistance was induced. But resistance induction was not induced at the initial inoculum density of 10$^3$ cfu/g seed. Resistance was induced by treating the strains, WR9-9, WR9-11 and WR9-16, on all of four watermelon varieties tested, and there was no significant difference in the decrease of gummy stem rot among varieties. Populations of the strains treated initially at log 9-10 cfu/g seed, followed with a rapid decrease from planting day to 1 week after planting, but the population density was maintained above log 5.0 cfu/g soil until 4 weeks after planting. Generally no or very weak in vitro antagonism was observed at the strains treated excepting WR9-11. Rifampicin-resistant bacteria which had been inoculated were not detected in the stems or leaves, which suggesting that the bacterium and the pathogens remained spatially separated during the experiment. This is the first report of rsistance induction in watermelon to gummy stem rot by PGPR strains.

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