Alpha-Chymotrypsin이 白鼠各臟器 組織비반細胞에 미치는 影響에 關한 實驗的硏究

林大銑 中央醫學社 1941 中央醫學 Vol.10 No.6

Observation on the appearance of tissue mast cells in the skin tissue and various tissues in the trachea, esophagus and stomach were made after stimulating them physically with 22-gauge needle during three seconds upon the centro-lateral portion of the right thigh, similarly with 0.1 Ch. unit and 1.0 Ch. unit alpha-Chymotrypsin injections, proteolytic enzyme in the animal, using healthy albino-rats weighing 120-130 gm. The follow-studies were made after various intervals. The mast cell count was made covering 20 high power fields in each section and the findings in the different part were compared. The results of the study were summarized as follows. 1. The total number of mast cells appeared in each of the tissues, observed in the group stimulating with 22-gauge needle, shows a minimum value three hours after injection, and recovers respectively 8-12 hours normally. 2. In the groups stimulating with alpha-Chymotrypsin intra-musculary the total number of mast cells appeared in each of the tissues shows a minimum value one hour after injection and it takes about two days to recover their normal value. 3. Comparing 0.1 Ch. unit alpha-Chymotrypsin administered group with 1.0 Ch. unit administered group, the decreasing rate of tissue mast cells in each organism marked in latter group. 4. When stimulations were made on the right side skin with 22-gauge needle and alpha-Chymotrypsin, very resemble change was occurred histophathologically in the number of the mast cells of the left side skin notwithstanding the distance. 5. In the decreasing rate of its total mast cells, the skin is the highest among others, and the next are in the order of the trachea, stomach and esophagus. 6. In the morphology of the tissue mast cells after various stimulation the percentage of the normal mast cells decreased and that of the degranulation form of the tissue mast cells increased when the number of tissue mast cells decreased and thereafter, as the number of mast cells increased, the percentage of the normal form increased and that of the degranulation form decreased, thus' reaching the normal state. 7. The above results lead to a conclusion that the decrease in the total mast cells is of non-specific generalized , nature in the various organs of albino rat, stimulating with 22-gauge needle and alpha-Chymotrypsin.

上顎洞에 發生한 Aspergillosis의 一例報告

林大銑,宋圭鉉,朴敬浩,朴暎緖,李玩永 中央醫學社 1963 中央醫學 Vol.5 No.4

A case of secondary aspergillosis of the left maxillary sinus following chronic sinusitis in a 42 year old male coal miner specialist is reported. His chief complaints were nasal obstruction and postnasal drip of several years duration. Roentgenogram revealed marked and moderate shadow in the left and right maxillary sinuses respectively. Significant operative findings included almost paper-thin bony walls of the left maxillary sinus, and small amount of yellow greenish purulent material was drained, followed by yellowish brown semisolid tissue on further curettage. The latter specimen was found to be essentially mass of fungi, showing numerous distinctly septate, branching hyphae on the Papanicolaou stain of the direct smears of the cut surface of the specimen, and Hematoxylin-Eosin and Periodic Acid Schiff stains of paraffin sections. Pertinent aspects of clinical and pathological differential diagnosis between aspergillosis - and mucormycosis, are described. Aspergillosis presents usually benign course, with insignificant chief complaints as our case, whereas mucormycosis is most frequently associated with uncontrollable diabetics, and run usually acutely fatal course. There are three main types of ucormycosis-cerebral, pulmonary and intestinal. The characteristic broad nonseptate branching hyphae of mucor, and marked affinity to the blood vessels,, penetrating the tough walls of arteries, with thromboses and infarction, readily differentiate aspergillosis from mucormycosis.

Preparation, characterization and in vitro intestinal absorption of a dry emulsion formulation containing atorvastatin calcium.

Yin, Yong-Mei,Cui, Fu-De,Kim, Jung Sun,Choi, Min-Koo,Choi, Byung Chul,Chung, Suk-Jae,Shim, Chang-Koo,Kim, Dae-Duk Academic Press ; Taylor Francis 2009 DRUG DELIVERY Vol.16 No.1

<P>A redispersible dry emulsion (DE) formulation of atorvastatin calcium (AC) was developed to enhance the in vitro dissolution of AC, thereby increasing its gastrointestinal absorption. The spray-drying technology was used where Plurol Oleique CC 497 was chosen as the oil phase. Effects of carriers, surfactants, and homogenizers on the characteristics of DE containing AC were systematically investigated. The final formulation consisted of dextrin and Poloxamer 188 as carrier and surfactant, respectively, and was homogenized by a high pressure homogenizer before spray drying. The in vitro release of AC from the optimized DE was significantly higher than that of pure AC powder (76% vs. 30% at 24 hr). The in vitro intestinal absorption of AC from the DE formulation was 0.77 microg/cm(2) at 2 hr, which was a 2.33-fold increase compared to the pure unformulated AC powder. These results suggest that the oral dry emulsion formulation could improve the intestinal absorption of AC.</P>

Poly (dimethylsiloxane)-poly (tetrafluoroethylene)/poly (vinylidenefluoride) (PDMS-PTFE/PVDF) hollow fiber composite membrane for pervaporation of chloroform from aqueous solution

De Sun,Ping Yang,Lin Li,Hai-Hua Yang,Bing-Bing Li 한국화학공학회 2014 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.31 No.10

A novel PDMS-PTFE/PVDF hollow fiber composite membrane using PTFE-PDMS as the top active layerand PVDF hollow fiber as the support layer was prepared for the pervaporation of chloroform from water. Sorptionand diffusion behaviors of chloroform and water in PDMS-PTFE membranes, which had different PTFE content, wereinvestigated. The results showed that with increasing PTFE content from 0 wt% to 40 wt%, chloroform/water idealseparation factor first increased and then decreased, and permeabilities of both chloroform and water increased. Forthe 30% PTFE-PDMS membrane, when feed temperature ranged from 40 oC to 60 oC, permeabilities of both chloroformand water increased, but ideal separation factor for chloroform/water first increased and then decreased. Effects of op-erating conditions, such as feed flow rate, active layer thickness, feed concentration and feed temperature, on PV per-formances of the 30% PDMS-PTFE/PVDF hollow fiber membrane for the pervaporation of chloroform-water mixtureswere studied. Examination showed that concentration polarization on the membrane surface occurred when feed flowrate was less than 3,000 mL/min. With the increase in active layer thickness from 13.8 to 78.0 µm, chloroform fluxand water flux dropped from 21 to 13 g·h−1·m−2and from 93 to 22 g·h−1·m−2, respectively, but the separation factorincreased from 1494 to 3949. With an increase of feed concentration from 55 to 850 ppm, chloroform flux increasedlinearly but water flux remained constant, and separation factor decreased. With an increase of the feed temperaturefrom 40 to 60 oC, both flux and separation factor increased, the variation of permeation flux followed the Arrheniusrelationship, and the activation energy values were 21.65 and 9.6 KJ/mol for water and chloroform, respectively.

Bifurcation analysis of over-consolidated clays in different stress paths and drainage conditions

Sun, De'an,Chen, Liwen,Zhang, Junran,Zhou, Annan Techno-Press 2015 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.9 No.5

A three-dimensional elastoplastic constitutive model, also known as a UH model (Yao et al. 2009), was developed to describe the stress-strain relationship for normally consolidated and over-consolidated soils. In this paper, an acoustic tensor and discriminator of bifurcation for the UH model are derived for the strain localization of saturated clays under undrained and fully and partially drained conditions. Analytical analysis is performed to illustrate the points of bifurcation for the UH model with different three-dimensional stress paths. Numerical analyses of cubic specimens for the bifurcation of saturated clays under undrained and fully and partially drained conditions are conducted using ABAQUS with the UH model. Analytical and numerical analyses show the similar bifurcation behaviour of overconsolidated clays in three-dimensional stress states and various drainage conditions. The results of analytical and numerical analyses show that (1) the occurrence of bifurcation is dependent on the stress path and drainage condition; and (2) bifurcation can appear in either a strain-hardening or strain-softening regime.

Endothelin-3 growth factor levels decreased in cervical cancer compared with normal cervical epithelial cells

Sun, De Jun,Liu, Ying,Lu, Dong Cheng,Kim, Woonbong,Lee, Je Ho,Maynard, Jonathan,Deisseroth, Albert Elsevier 2007 Human pathology Vol.38 No.7

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>We used cDNA microarray analysis of RNA extracted from normal, dysplastic, and cancerous cervical tissues to identify the changes in gene expression during the procession from normal to cancerous cervical epithelial cells. We found the expression of 5 genes in cancerous cervical epithelial cells that were not found in normal cervical epithelial cells, among which were lymphoid-restricted membrane protein, protease serine 2, WD repeat domain 59, thyrotropin-releasing hormone degrading enzyme, and the endothelin-3 growth factor. We then analyzed the expression levels of endothelin growth factors 1, 2, and 3 (ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3) and their receptors A and B (ETR-A and ETR-B) by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in 3 cervical cancer cell lines and by immunohistochemical staining in cervical normal, dysplastic, and cancer tissues. ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3 growth factor levels were detectable in the maturing layer of cervical epithelium but not in the germinal layer. All 3 growth factors (ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3) were detected in the cytoplasm of the maturing normal cervical epithelial cells. In addition, there were decreased levels of ET-3 and increased levels of ET-1, ET-2, ETR-A, and ETR-B in cancerous cervical epithelial cells compared with normal cervical epithelial cells. These results suggest that the reduction of ET-3 growth factor levels may be important in the transition from normal to cancerous cervical epithelium.</P>

Cyanidin-3-Glucoside-Rich Extract from Chinese Bayberry Fruit Protects Pancreatic b Cells and Ameliorates Hyperglycemia in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Chong-De Sun,Bo Zhang,Jiu-Kai Zhang,Chang-Jie Xu,Yu-Lian Wu,Xian Li,Kun-Song Chen 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.3

Chinese bayberry fruit is a rich source of anthocyanins, especially cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G). The present study investigated the protective effects of C3G-rich bayberry fruit extract (CRBFE) against pancreatic b cells against oxidative stress–induced injury as well as its hypoglycemic effect in diabetic mice. Bayberry extract from ‘‘Biqi’’ was used for both in vitro and in vivo testing because of its high C3G content and high antioxidant capacity. Pretreatment of b cells with CRBFE (containing 0.5 lmol/L C3G) prevented cell death, increased cellular viability, and decreased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and cell necrosis induced by 800 or 1200 lmol/L H2O2. CRBFE dose-ependently up-regulated pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 gene expression, contributing to increased insulin-like growth factor II gene transcript levels and insulin protein in INS-1 cells. In addition, adminitration of CRBFE (150 lg of C3G/10 g of body weight twice per day)significantly reduced blood glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic ICR mice and increased the glucose tolerance in an oral glucose tolerance test (P < .05). Such results indicated that CRBFE might be useful in prevention and control of diabetes mellitus and diabetes-associated complications.

AZD1480 Can Inhibit the Biological Behavior of Ovarian Cancer SKOV3 Cells in vitro

Sun, Zhao-Ling,Tang, Ya-Juan,Wu, Wei-Guang,Xing, Jun,He, Yan-Fang,Xin, De-Mei,Yu, Yan-Li,Yang, Yang,Han, Ping Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.8

Objective: To study the mechanism of effects of AZD1480 on the SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line. Methods: The MTT method was used to assess cellular proliferation, flow cytometry for cellular apoptosis, the scratch test to determine migration, transwell chamber assays to detect cellular invasion, plate clone experiments to detect the clone forming ability and Western blotting to determine p-STAT3 protein levels. Results: The proliferation rate, migration ability, invasiveness and the clone forming ability of SKOV3 cells were reduced after treatment with AZD1480, while apoptosis rate and chemotherapeutic susceptibility were increased. After treatment with AZD1480 plus cisplatin, the apoptosis rate increased significantly while the expression level of p-STAT3 protein was decreased. Conclusion: AZD1480 can inhibit the proliferation, invasion, metastasis and clone formation of SKOV3 cells, induce cellulsar apoptosis, increase the chemotherapeutic sensitivity and reduce the expression level of p-STAT3 protein.

Study of the Most Relevant Aspects Related to Hard Carbons as Anode Materials for Na-ion Batteries, Compared with Li-ion Systems

de-la-Llave, E.,Borgel, V.,Zinigrad, E.,Chesneau, F. F.,Hartmann, P.,Sun, Y. K.,Aurbach, D. LASER PAGES PUBLISHING LTD 2015 ISRAEL JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY Vol.55 No.11

Long Term Outcomes and Prognostic Factors of N₀ Stage Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: a Single Institutional Experience with 610 Patients

Sun, Jian-Da,Chen, Chuang-Zhen,Chen, Jian-Zhou,Li, Dong-Sheng,Chen, Zhi-Jian,Zhou, Ming-Zhen,Li, De-Rui Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5

Treatment responses of $N_0$ stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma were firstly analyzed comprehensively to evaluate long term outcomes of patients and identify prognostic factors. A total of 610 patients with $N_0$ NPC, undergoing definitive radiotherapy to their primary lesion and prophylactic radiation to upper neck, were reviewed retrospectively. Concomitant chemotherapy was administrated to 65 out of the 610. Survival rates of the patients were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-rank test. Prognostic factors were identified by the Cox regression model. The study revealed the 5-year and 10-year overall, disease-free, disease-specific, local failure-free, regional failure-free, locoregional failure-free and distant metastasis-free survival rates to be 78.7% and 66.8%, 68.8% and 55.8%, 79.9% and 70.4%, 81.2% and 72.5%, 95.8% and 91.8%, 78.3% and 68.5%, 88.5% and 85.5%, respectively. There were 192 patients experiencing failure (31.5%) after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Of these, local recurrence, regional relapse and distant metastases as the first event of failure occurred in 100 (100/610, 16.4%), 15(15/610, 2.5%) and 52 (52/610, 8.5%), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that T stage was the only independent prognostic factor for patients with $N_0$ NPC (P=0.000). Late T stage (P=0.000), male (P=0.039) and anemia (P=0.007) were independently unfavorable factors predicting disease-free survival. After treatment, satisfactory outcome wasgenerally achieved in patients with $N_0$ NPC. Local recurrence represented the predominant mode of treatment failure, while T stage was the only independent prognostic factor for overall survival. Late T stage, male gender, and anemia independently predicted lower possibility of the disease-free survival.