Integrated Level 1 – Level 2 decommissioning probabilistic risk assessment for boiling water reactors

Davide Mercurio,Vincent M. Andersen,Kenneth C. Wagner 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.5

This article describes an integrated Level 1eLevel 2 probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) methodology toevaluate the radiological risk during postulated accident scenarios initiated during the decommissioningphase of a typical Mark I containment boiling water reactor. The fuel damage scenarios include thoseinitiated while the reactor is permanently shut down, defueled, and the spent fuel is located into thespent fuel storage pool. This article focuses on the integrated Level 1eLevel 2 PRA aspects of the analysis,from the beginning of the accident to the radiological release into the environment. The integrated Level1eLevel 2 decommissioning PRA uses event trees and fault trees that assess the accident progressionuntil and after fuel damage. Detailed deterministic severe accident analyses are performed to support thefault tree/event tree development and to provide source term information for the various pieces of theLevel 1eLevel 2 model. Source terms information is collected from accidents occurring in both thereactor pressure vessel and the spent fuel pool, including simultaneous accidents. The Level 1eLevel 2PRA model evaluates the temporal and physical changes in plant conditions including consideration ofmajor uncertainties. The goal of this article is to provide a methodology framework to perform a decommissioning ProbabilisticRisk Assessment (PRA), and an application to a real case study is provided to show the use of themethodology. Results will be derived from the integrated Level 1eLevel 2 decommissioning PSA eventtree in terms of fuel damage frequency, large release frequency, and large early release frequency,including uncertainties.

Marketing in the Dynamic World

David Griffith,Sang Hoon Kim,Feifei Liu,jong Ho Lee,Tony C,Garrett,Stefan Bodenberg,Allan Afuah,Jina Kang,Claus Ebster,Udo Wagner,Barbara Geider 한국마케팅과학회 2008 한국마케팅과학회 학술대회 발표 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients with Stroke Taking Rivaroxaban Using Drug Specific Plasma Levels: Experience with a Standard Operation Procedure in Clinical Practice

David J. Seiffge,Christopher Traenka,Alexandros A. Polymeris,Sebastian Thilemann,Benjamin Wagner,Lisa Hert,Mandy D. Müller,Henrik Gensicke,Nils Peters,Christian H. Nickel,Christoph Stippich,Raoul Sutt 대한뇌졸중학회 2017 Journal of stroke Vol.19 No.3

Background and Purpose Standard operating procedures (SOP) incorporating plasma levels of rivaroxaban might be helpful in selecting patients with acute ischemic stroke taking rivaroxaban suitable for IVthrombolysis(IVT) or endovascular treatment (EVT). Methods This was a single-center explorative analysis using data from the Novel-Oral-Anticoagulants-in-Stroke-Patients-registry (clinicaltrials.gov:NCT02353585) including acute stroke patients taking rivaroxaban(September 2012 to November 2016). The SOP included recommendation, consideration, and avoidance of IVT if rivaroxaban plasma levels were <20 ng/mL, 20‒100 ng/mL, and >100 ng/mL, respectively, measured with a calibrated anti-factor Xa assay. Patients with intracranial artery occlusion were recommended IVT+EVT or EVT alone if plasma levels were ≤100 ng/mL or >100 ng/mL, respectively. We evaluated the frequency of IVT/EVT, door-to-needle-time (DNT), and symptomatic intracranial or major extracranial hemorrhage. Results Among 114 acute stroke patients taking rivaroxaban, 68 were otherwise eligible for IVT/EVT of whom 63 had plasma levels measured (median age 81 years, median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 6). Median rivaroxaban plasma level was 96 ng/mL (inter quartile range [IQR] 18‒259 ng/mL) and time since last intake 11 hours (IQR 4.5‒18.5 hours). Twenty-two patients (35%) received IVT/EVT (IVT n=15, IVT+EVT n=3, EVT n=4) based on SOP. Median DNT was 37 (IQR 30‒60) minutes. None of the 31 patients with plasma levels >100ng/mL received IVT. Among 14 patients with plasma levels ≤100 ng/mL, the main reason to withhold IVT was minor stroke (n=10). No symptomatic intracranial or major extracranial bleeding occurred after treatment. Conclusions Determination of rivaroxaban plasma levels enabled IVT or EVT in one-third of patients taking rivaroxaban who would otherwise be ineligible for acute treatment. The absence of major bleeding in our pilot series justifies future studies of this approach.

Calibration of ShadowCam

David Carl Humm,Mallory Janet Kinczyk,Scott Michael Brylow,Robert Vernon Wagner,Emerson Jacob Speyerer,Nicholas Michael Estes,Prasun Mahanti,Aaron Kyle Boyd,Mark Southwick Robinson 한국우주과학회 2023 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.40 No.4

ShadowCam is a high-sensitivity, high-resolution imager provided by NASA for the Danuri (KPLO) lunar mission. ShadowCam calibration shows that it is well suited for its purpose, to image permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) that occur near the lunar poles. It is 205 times as sensitive as the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) Narrow Angle Camera (NAC). The signal to noise ratio (SNR) is greater than 100 over a large part of the dynamic range, and the top of the dynamic range is high enough to accommodate most brighter PSR pixels. The optical performance is good enough to take full advantage of the 1.7 meter/pixel image scale, and calibrated images have uniform response. We describe some instrument artifacts that are amenable to future corrections, making it possible to improve performance further. Stray light control is very challenging for this mission. In many cases, ShadowCam can image shadowed areas with directly illuminated terrain in or near the field of view (FOV). We include thorough qualitative descriptions of circumstances under which lunar brightness levels far higher than the top of the dynamic range cause detector or stray light artifacts and the size and extent of the artifact signal under those circumstances.

10.29 이태원 참사 시의 환자 이송의 고찰

왕순주,양필승,David Wagner 한국재난정보학회 2023 한국재난정보학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.11

군중눌림 사고 형태의 재난은 국내에서 경험과 연구가 미진한 재난의 형태이지만 세계적으로는 선진국이나 후진국을 가리 지 않고 꾸준히 발생중이며, 2022년 10월 29일의 이태원 참사에서 보듯이 국가사회에 엄청난 파급력과 영향을 주는 재난이다. 따라서 군중눌림 사고를 이해하고 발전된 학술적 접근 방식을 통하여 최소한의 예방, 대비, 대응 수준에 이르러야 하나 국내에 서는 그 연구가 미진하고 용어와 개념 정립도 되어 있지 않다. 군중눌림 사고는 그 본질 상 얼마 안 되는 짧은 골든 타임 내에 해결이 되지 않으면 대처 시간이 거의 없어 인명피해 대처가 매우 어렵다. 즉 질식으로 의식이 저하되는 피해자가 신고되어도 현장 도착 구급대원이 밀집된 군중을 뚫고 피해자에게 신속히 접근하기란 애무 어려워, 선진국들조차도 많은 인명피해를 내지 만 뚜렷한 한 가지 해결책을 제시 못하고 있는 형편이다. 이러한 상황에서 군중압박 사고 관련 정립되지 않은 용어를 관련 개념 과 같이 조사 정리하고, 과거 있었던 대표적 군중집회의 분류, 특성 등을 알아보며, 이를 기반으로 용어와 개념이 정리 및 표준화 되는 기반이 되도록 하였다.

General Background : Theory Growth, Social Processes, and Metatheory / Structures of Social Positions and Structures of Social Relations

( Joseph Berger ),( David G. Wagner ),( Morris Zelditch ),( Peter M. Blau ) 서울대학교 간호과학연구소 1996 비정기 세미나 간행물 Vol.1996 No.-

ToF-SIMS Analysis of Adsorbed Proteins: Principal Component Analysis of the Primary Ion Species Effect on the Protein Fragmentation Patterns

Muramoto, Shin,Graham, Daniel J.,Wagner, Matthew S.,Lee, Tae Geol,Moon, Dae Won,Castner, David G. American Chemical Society 2011 JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C - Vol.115 No.49

<P>In time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), the choice of the primary ion used for analysis can influence the resulting mass spectrum. This is because different primary ion types can produce different fragmentation pathways. In this study, analysis of single-component protein monolayers were performed using monatomic, triatomic, and polyatomic primary ion sources. Eight primary ions (Cs<SUP>+</SUP>, Au<SUP>+</SUP>, Au<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>+</SUP>, Bi<SUP>+</SUP>, Bi<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>+</SUP>, Bi<SUB>3</SUB><SUP>++</SUP>, C<SUB>60</SUB><SUP>+</SUP>, and C<SUB>60</SUB><SUP>++</SUP>) were used to examine the low mass (<I>m</I>/<I>z</I> < 200) fragmentation patterns from five different proteins (bovine serum albumin, bovine serum fibrinogen, bovine immunoglobulin G, and chicken egg white lysozyme) adsorbed onto mica surfaces. Principal component analysis (PCA) processing of the ToF-SIMS data showed that variation in peak intensity caused by the primary ions was greater than differences in protein composition. The spectra generated by Cs<SUP>+</SUP>, Au<SUP>+</SUP>, and Bi<SUP>+</SUP> primary ions were similar, but the spectra generated by monatomic, triatomic, and polyatomic primary ions varied significantly. C<SUB>60</SUB> primary ions increased fragmentation of the adsorbed proteins in the <I>m</I>/<I>z</I> < 200 region, resulting in more intense low <I>m</I>/<I>z</I> peaks. Thus, comparison of data obtained by one primary ion species with that obtained by another primary ion species should be done with caution. However, for the spectra generated using a given primary ion beam, discrimination between the spectra of different proteins followed similar trends. Therefore, a PCA model of proteins created with a given ion source should only be applied to data sets obtained using the same ion source. The type of information obtained from PCA depended on the peak set used. When only amino acid peaks were used, PCA was able to identify the relationship between proteins by their amino acid composition. When all peaks from <I>m</I>/<I>z</I> 12–200 were used, PCA separated proteins based on a ratio of C<SUB>4</SUB>H<SUB>8</SUB>N<SUP>+</SUP> to K<SUP>+</SUP> peak intensities. This ratio correlated with the thickness of the protein films, and Bi<SUB>1</SUB><SUP>+</SUP> primary ions produced the most surface sensitive spectra.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jpccck/2011/jpccck.2011.115.issue-49/jp208035x/production/images/medium/jp-2011-08035x_0002.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jp208035x'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Preliminary Characterization of Secondary Illumination at Shackleton Crater Permanently Shadowed Region from ShadowCam Observations and Modeling

Prasun Mahanti,Mark Southwick Robinson,David Carl Humm,Robert Vernon Wagner,Nicholas Michael Estes,Jean-Pierre Williams 한국우주과학회 2023 Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Vol.40 No.4

Lunar permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) never see direct sunlight and are illuminated only by secondary illumination - light reflected from nearby topography. The ShadowCam imaging experiment onboard the Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter is acquiring images of these PSRs. We characterize and discuss the nature of secondary illumination for the Shackleton PSR from ShadowCam radiance-calibrated images. We also use modeling to understand the magnitude and direction of the secondary illumination. Results from our analysis highlight the non-homogeneous, dynamic, and complex nature of PSR secondary lighting. Knowledge of the direction of the secondary illumination is crucial for reli-able interpretation of contrasts observed in ShadowCam images. This preliminary analysis of the floor of Shackleton crater from images acquired over multiple secondary illumination conditions does not reveal indications of exposed surface ice, even though temperatures are constantly below 110K.

Picosecond Spin Seebeck Effect

Kimling, Johannes,Choi, Gyung-Min,Brangham, Jack T.,Matalla-Wagner, Tristan,Huebner, Torsten,Kuschel, Timo,Yang, Fengyuan,Cahill, David G. American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review Letters Vol.118 No.5

<P>We report time-resolved magneto-optic Kerr effect measurements of the longitudinal spin Seebeck effect in normal metal/Y3Fe5O12 bilayers driven by an interfacial temperature difference between electrons and magnons. The measured time evolution of spin accumulation induced by laser excitation indicates transfer of angular momentum across normal metal/Y3Fe5O12 interfaces on a picosecond time scale, too short for contributions from a bulk temperature gradient in an yttrium iron garnet. The product of spin-mixing conductance and the interfacial spin Seebeck coefficient determined is of the order of 10(8) Am-2K-1.</P>